This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Schur, E.A., Fedin, V.M., Zhigalkin, I.G., Bortz, A.I., A new method of heat treatment of rails using double-sided cooling, Materials of the Jubilee Railway Commission of OJSC Kuznetsk Metallurgical Plant, Russia, 2002, pp. 149–155, ISBN 5-84-41-0054-9SchurE.A.FedinV.M.ZhigalkinI.G.BortzA.I.A new method of heat treatment of rails using double-sided coolingMaterials of the Jubilee Railway Commission of OJSC Kuznetsk Metallurgical PlantRussia2002pp. 149155ISBN 5-84-41-0054-9Search in Google Scholar
Żak, S., Ropka, T., Comparison of the quality of rail steel from the 19th century converter processes and the modern oxygen-converter process. Mater. Sci. Poland, 2024, 42(3): 39–55. 10.2478/msp-2024-0033ŻakS.RopkaT.Comparison of the quality of rail steel from the 19th century converter processes and the modern oxygen-converter processMater. Sci. Poland2024423395510.2478/msp-2024-0033Open DOI
Pointner, P., Rail material changes in high-performance transport, DVM-Tag, 2003PointnerP.Rail material changes in high-performance transportDVM-Tag2003Search in Google Scholar
EN 13674-1:2011 + A1:2017, Railway - Track - Rail, Part 1: Vignole railway rails of mass 46 kg/m and above, CEN-CENELEC Management Centre, Brussels, 2017EN 13674-1:2011 + A1:2017, Railway - Track - Rail, Part 1: Vignole railway rails of mass 46 kg/m and above, CEN-CENELEC Management Centre, Brussels, 2017Search in Google Scholar
Guericke, W., Heller, W., Kasprowicz, J., Weiße, M., Verbesserte bruchsicherheit von schienen durch optimiertes rollenrichten. ETR Eisenbahntech Rundsch, 2001, 50(9): 541–551, ISBN 0013-2845GuerickeW.HellerW.KasprowiczJ.WeißeM.Verbesserte bruchsicherheit von schienen durch optimiertes rollenrichtenETR Eisenbahntech Rundsch2001509541551ISBN 0013-2845Search in Google Scholar
Żak, S., Woźniak, D., Controlling the state of residual stresses in railway rails by modifying pass design of straightening rollers. Arch. Metall. Mater., 2023, 68(t.1): 57–70. 10.24425/amm.2023.141473ŻakS.WoźniakD.Controlling the state of residual stresses in railway rails by modifying pass design of straightening rollersArch. Metall. Mater.202368t.1)577010.24425/amm.2023.141473Open DOI
Żak, S., Woźniak, D., The influence of changes in roll pass design on the state of residual stresses in railway rails – summary, Arch. Metall. Mater., 2023, 68(t.2): 439–446. 10.24425/amm.2023.142420ŻakS.WoźniakD.The influence of changes in roll pass design on the state of residual stresses in railway rails – summaryArch. Metall. Mater.202368t.243944610.24425/amm.2023.142420Open DOI
Jabłońska, M, Lewandowski, F, Chmiela, B, Gronostajski, Z., Advanced heat treatment of pearlitic rail steel, Materials, 2023 Sep, 16(19):6430. 10.3390/ma16196430. PMID: 37834570; PMCID: PMC10573705JabłońskaMLewandowskiFChmielaBGronostajskiZ.Advanced heat treatment of pearlitic rail steelMaterials2023 Sep1619643010.3390/ma16196430PMID: 37834570; PMCID: PMC10573705Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Babachenko, A, Podolskyi, R, Kononenko, G.A., Safronova, E., Investigation of the influence of heat treatment modes of experimental steels for new generation railway rails on mechanical properties, Fundam. Appl. Probl. Ferrous Metall, 2020, 34: 247–255. 10.52150/2522-9117-2020-34-247-255BabachenkoAPodolskyiRKononenkoG.A.SafronovaE.Investigation of the influence of heat treatment modes of experimental steels for new generation railway rails on mechanical propertiesFundam. Appl. Probl. Ferrous Metall20203424725510.52150/2522-9117-2020-34-247-255Open DOI
Sahay, S.S., Mohapatra, G., Totten, G.E., Overview of pearlitic rail steels: accelerated cooling, quenching, microstructure and mechanical properties. J. ASTM Int., 2009, 6: 1–26. 10.1520/JAI102021SahayS.S.MohapatraG.TottenG.E.Overview of pearlitic rail steels: accelerated cooling, quenching, microstructure and mechanical propertiesJ. ASTM Int.2009612610.1520/JAI102021Open DOI
Snitko, I.P., Galyamov, A.K., Current status of rail production abroad, Materials of the Jubilee Railway Commission, Novokuznetsk, 2002, pp. 10–30, ISBN 5-84-41-0054-9SnitkoI.P.GalyamovA.K.Current status of rail production abroadMaterials of the Jubilee Railway CommissionNovokuznetsk2002pp. 1030ISBN 5-84-41-0054-9Search in Google Scholar
Sarychev, V.D., Grachev, V.V., Petrov, V.I., Gromove, V.E., Utwardzenie powierzchni szyn i ich trwałość eksploatacyjna, Materiały Jubileuszowej Komisji Kolejowej, Nowokuźnieck, 2002, pp. 140-149, ISBN 5-84-41-0054-9SarychevV.D.GrachevV.V.PetrovV.I.GromoveV.E.Utwardzenie powierzchni szyn i ich trwałość eksploatacyjnaMateriały Jubileuszowej Komisji KolejowejNowokuźnieck2002pp. 140149ISBN 5-84-41-0054-9Search in Google Scholar
Herian, J., Aniołek, K., Selected aspects of shaping of a rail steel microstructure and its influence on a resistance to abrasive wear, Hutnik– Wiad. Hut., 2007, 74(5): 251–255, UKD 625.151.2:669-42.620.18 669.15-194:53:539.53:539.62HerianJ.AniołekK.Selected aspects of shaping of a rail steel microstructure and its influence on a resistance to abrasive wearHutnik– Wiad. Hut.2007745251255UKD 625.151.2:669-42.620.18 669.15-194:53:539.53:539.62Search in Google Scholar
Binder, M., Mezhuyew, V., Tschandl, M., Predictive maintenance for railway domain: a systematic literature review. IEEE Eng. Manag. Rev., June 2023, 51(2): 1–18. 10.1109/EMR.2023.3262282BinderM.MezhuyewV.TschandlM.Predictive maintenance for railway domain: a systematic literature reviewIEEE Eng. Manag. Rev.June 202351211810.1109/EMR.2023.3262282Open DOI
Modi, O., Desmukh, N., Mondal, D., Jha, A., Yegneswaran, A., Khaira, H., Effect of interlamellar spacing on the mechanical properties of 0.65% C steel, Mater. Charact. 2001;46: 347–352. 10.1016/S1044-5803(00)00113-3ModiO.DesmukhN.MondalD.JhaA.YegneswaranA.KhairaH.Effect of interlamellar spacing on the mechanical properties of 0.65% C steelMater. Charact.20014634735210.1016/S1044-5803(00)00113-3Open DOI
Li, X.C., Ding, H.H., Wang, W.J., Guo, J., Liu, Q.Y., Zhou, Z.R., Investigation on the relationship between microstructure and wear characteristic of rail materials, Tribol. Int., Nov 2021, 163: 107152, pp. 1–15. 10.1016/j.triboint.2021.107152LiX.C.DingH.H.WangW.J.GuoJ.LiuQ.Y.ZhouZ.R.Investigation on the relationship between microstructure and wear characteristic of rail materialsTribol. Int.Nov 2021163107152pp. 1–1510.1016/j.triboint.2021.107152Open DOI
Kuziak, R., Pidvystsk’yy, V., Radwański, K., Mazur, A., Zygmunt, T., Pietrzyk, M., et al., Optimalization of the heat treatment process to obtain the required distribution of mechanical properties in the rail head of pearlitic rails, J. Met. Mater., 2019, 71(1): 3–9. 10.32730/imz.2657-747.19.1.1KuziakR.Pidvystsk’yyV.RadwańskiK.MazurA.ZygmuntT.PietrzykM.Optimalization of the heat treatment process to obtain the required distribution of mechanical properties in the rail head of pearlitic railsJ. Met. Mater.20197113910.32730/imz.2657-747.19.1.1Open DOI
Christodoulou, P.T., Kermanidis, A.T., Haidemenopoulos, G.N., Fatigue and fracture behaviour of pearlitic Grade 900A steel used in railway applications, Theor. Appl. Fract. Mech., 2016, 83: 51–59. 10.1016/j.tafmec.2015.12.017ChristodoulouP.T.KermanidisA.T.HaidemenopoulosG.N.Fatigue and fracture behaviour of pearlitic Grade 900A steel used in railway applicationsTheor. Appl. Fract. Mech.201683515910.1016/j.tafmec.2015.12.017Open DOI
German, J., Wprowadzenie do mechaniki pękania, Wydawnictwo Politechniki Krakowskiej, Kraków, 2018, ISBN: 978-83-65991-23-2GermanJ.Wprowadzenie do mechaniki pękaniaWydawnictwo Politechniki KrakowskiejKraków2018ISBN: 978-83-65991-23-2Search in Google Scholar
Okocha, S., Yu, F., Jar, P.Y., Hendry, M., Relationship between fracture toughness and average grain sizes of high strength rail steels, November 202, Conference: Canadian & Cold Regions Rail Research Conference At: Edmonton, CanadaOkochaS.YuF.JarP.Y.HendryM.Relationship between fracture toughness and average grain sizes of high strength rail steelsNovember 202, Conference: Canadian & Cold Regions Rail Research Conference At: EdmontonCanadaSearch in Google Scholar
Maya-Johnson, S., Ramirez, A.J., Toro, A., Fatigue crack growth rate of two pearlitic rail steels, Eng. Fract. Mech., 2015, 138: 63–72, ISSN 0013-7944. 10.1016/j.engfracmech.2015.03.023Maya-JohnsonS.RamirezA.J.ToroA.Fatigue crack growth rate of two pearlitic rail steelsEng. Fract. Mech.20151386372ISSN 0013-794410.1016/j.engfracmech.2015.03.023Open DOI
Żak, S., Bartyzel, J., Kasprowicz, J., Railway rails for heavy-duty tracks manufactured at Huta Katowice S.A, Hutnik– Wiadomości Hutnicze, 2001, 68(11): 404–408, UKD 625.143.2:620.17:669-42(438)ŻakS.BartyzelJ.KasprowiczJ.Railway rails for heavy-duty tracks manufactured at Huta Katowice S.AHutnik– Wiadomości Hutnicze20016811404408UKD 625.143.2:620.17:669-42(438)Search in Google Scholar
Girsch, G., Jörg, A., Schoech, W., Managing rail life to match performance and cut costs, Railw. Gaz. Int. Technol. Track, 2010, 166(8): 45–48GirschG.JörgA.SchoechW.Managing rail life to match performance and cut costsRailw. Gaz. Int. Technol. Track201016684548Search in Google Scholar
Pointner, P., Joerg, A., Jaiswal, J., Definitive guidelines on the use of different rail grades, Integrated Project (IP) Project No. TIP5-CT-2006-03141, Thematic Priority 6, Innotrack, London, UK, 2009PointnerP.JoergA.JaiswalJ.Definitive guidelines on the use of different rail grades, Integrated Project (IP) Project No. TIP5-CT-2006-03141, Thematic Priority 6, Innotrack, London, UK, 2009Search in Google Scholar
Tomićić-Torlaković, M., Guideline for the rail grade selection, Metalurgija, 2014, 53(4): 717–720, ISSN 0543-5846, UDC – UDK 625.143:672.083.1:620.178.1 = 111Tomićić-TorlakovićM.Guideline for the rail grade selectionMetalurgija2014534717720ISSN 0543-5846, UDC – UDK 625.143:672.083.1:620.178.1 = 111Search in Google Scholar
PN-EN ISO 6506-1:2014-12, Metals - Brinell hardness measurement - Part 1: Test method, ISO Copyright Office, Switzerland, 2014PN-EN ISO 6506-1:2014-12, Metals - Brinell hardness measurement - Part 1: Test method, ISO Copyright Office, Switzerland, 2014Search in Google Scholar
ISO 12108 Edition 3, Metallic materials — Fatigue testing — Fatigue crack growth method, ISO Copyright Office, Switzerland, 2018ISO 12108 Edition 3, Metallic materials — Fatigue testing — Fatigue crack growth method, ISO Copyright Office, Switzerland, 2018Search in Google Scholar
ASTM E399, Standard test method for linear-elastic plane-strain Fracture toughness of metallic materials, ASTM International, United States, 2023ASTM E399, Standard test method for linear-elastic plane-strain Fracture toughness of metallic materials, ASTM International, United States, 2023Search in Google Scholar
ISO 1099, Metallic materials — Fatigue testing — Axial force-controlled method, ISO Copyright Office, Switzerland, 2017ISO 1099, Metallic materials — Fatigue testing — Axial force-controlled method, ISO Copyright Office, Switzerland, 2017Search in Google Scholar
Kuziak, R., Molenda, R., Pietryka, J., Zygmunt, T., Potwora, A., A new method of head hardening of rail profiles, Hutnik– Wiad. Hut., 2003, 70(2): 53–59, UKD 669-42.620.18.669.04:669.1.017.3-5:669.11KuziakR.MolendaR.PietrykaJ.ZygmuntT.PotworaA.A new method of head hardening of rail profilesHutnik– Wiad. Hut.20037025359UKD 669-42.620.18.669.04:669.1.017.3-5:669.11Search in Google Scholar
Żak, S., Junak, G., Woźniak, D., Żak, A., Chmiela, B., Jabłońska, M. B., Evaluating the stress intensity factor for R350HT rail steel in relation to microstructure parameters, Adv. Sci. Technol. Res. J., 2025, 19(4): 349–364. 10.12913/22998624/200404, ISSN 2299-8624ŻakS.JunakG.WoźniakD.ŻakA.ChmielaB.JabłońskaM. B.Evaluating the stress intensity factor for R350HT rail steel in relation to microstructure parametersAdv. Sci. Technol. Res. J.202519434936410.12913/22998624/200404ISSN 2299-8624Open DOISearch in Google Scholar