<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

<sec>
<h3>Introduction</h3>
<p>Exosomes are nanosized lipid bilayer membranous microvesicles, extracellularly released from a variety of mammalian cells. They mediate intercellular signalling by transporting several types of RNA, lipids and proteins and participate in the intercellular exchange of DNA, RNA, micro RNA, proteins and other components. These microvesicles are present in all body fluids in physiological and pathological conditions and reflect the state of the host organism. The aim of the study was the isolation and molecular determination of exosomes in blood and supernatant fluids of bovine dendritic cell cultures infected with bovine leukaemia virus (BLV).</p>
</sec>
<sec>
<h3>Material and Methods</h3>
<p>Exosomes were isolated by ultracentrifugation from the blood sera, plasma and supernatant of bovine BLV-infected and uninfected control dendritic cell cultures and their presence was confirmed with scanning electron and transmission electron microscopy. Western blot analysis of the structural BLV glycoprotein 51 (Env) and protein 24 (Gag) and of the tetraspanin exosomal markers CD9, CD63 and flotillin-1 was undertaken in BLV+ and control BLV− cattle.</p>
</sec>
<sec>
<h3>Results</h3>
<p>In exosomes of leukaemic cattle both BLV proteins and exosomal markers were detected. In healthy control animals only exosomal markers were determined.</p>
</sec>
<sec>
<h3>Conclusion</h3>
<p>Proteins of BLV were released with exosomes and could be transferred into recipient cells as an alternative propagation route not requiring virus infection.</p>
</sec>
</abstract>

Introduction
Exosomes are nanosized lipid bilayer membranous microvesicles, extracellularly released from a variety of mammalian cells. They mediate intercellular signalling by transporting several types of RNA, lipids and proteins and participate in the intercellular exchange of DNA, RNA, micro RNA, proteins and other components. These microvesicles are present in all body fluids in physiological and pathological conditions and reflect the state of the host organism. The aim of the study was the isolation and molecular determination of exosomes in blood and supernatant fluids of bovine dendritic cell cultures infected with bovine leukaemia virus (BLV).


Material and Methods
Exosomes were isolated by ultracentrifugation from the blood sera, plasma and supernatant of bovine BLV-infected and uninfected control dendritic cell cultures and their presence was confirmed with scanning electron and transmission electron microscopy. Western blot analysis of the structural BLV glycoprotein 51 (Env) and protein 24 (Gag) and of the tetraspanin exosomal markers CD9, CD63 and flotillin-1 was undertaken in BLV+ and control BLV− cattle.


Results
In exosomes of leukaemic cattle both BLV proteins and exosomal markers were detected. In healthy control animals only exosomal markers were determined.


Conclusion
Proteins of BLV were released with exosomes and could be transferred into recipient cells as an alternative propagation route not requiring virus infection.

Extracellular vesicles in cattle infected with bovine leukaemia virus: isolation and molecular analysis

Journal of Veterinary Research

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Introduction
Exosomes are nanosized lipid bilayer membranous microvesicles, extracellularly released from a variety of mammalian cells. They mediate...

Extracellular vesicles in cattle infected with bovine leukaemia virus: isolation and molecular analysis

Published Online: May 27, 2024

Page range: 189 - 198

Received: Dec 15, 2023

Accepted: May 21, 2024

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2024-0031

Keywords
bovine leukaemia virus (BLV), extracellular vesicles, exosomal markers

© 2024 Maria Szczotka et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Extracellular vesicles in cattle infected with bovine leukaemia virus: isolation and molecular analysis

Published Online: May 27, 2024

Page range: 189 - 198

Received: Dec 15, 2023

Accepted: May 21, 2024

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2024-0031

Keywordsbovine leukaemia virus (BLV), extracellular vesicles, exosomal markers

© 2024 Maria Szczotka et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Keywords
bovine leukaemia virus (BLV), extracellular vesicles, exosomal markers