How does alliance network embedding affect firm innovation? Evidence from the Chinese manufacturing industry
May 06, 2025
About this article
Article Category: Research Papers
Published Online: May 06, 2025
Page range: 80 - 105
Received: Jun 22, 2024
Accepted: Nov 28, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jdis-2025-0008
Keywords
© 2025 Zhiwei Zhang et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
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Figure 5.

Crucial decision rules by replacing random seed (random_state=32)_
Network type | Conditional factor | Criteria | Decision factor | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dyadic network | - | <=25.5 | - | - | - | 62.86% | 0.66 | High |
- | >25.5 | - | - | - | 4.29% | 1.00 | Low | |
Star network | - | - | <=0.002 | <=0.367 | 45.39% | 0.70 | High | |
- | - | - | >0.367 | - | 7.23% | 0.80 | Low | |
Ringlike network | - | <=2.583 | - | <=0.367 | - | 4.21% | 0.65 | Low |
- | (2.583,14] | - | <=0.367 | - | 8.74% | 0.77 | High | |
- | >14 | - | <=0.367 | - | 3.88% | 1.00 | Low | |
- | - | - | >0.367 | - | 69.57% | 0.89 | Low | |
Complex network | - | - | - | <=0.339 | - | 38.54% | 0.69 | High |
- | >2.44 | - | >0.339 | - | 8.52% | 0.68 | Low | |
>2.50 | <=2.44 | - | >0.339 | - | 20.53% | 0.97 | Low |
Descriptive statistics and correlation analysis results_
Mean | Sth | Median | MIN | MAX | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2.462 | 0.758 | 2.436 | 0.917 | 4.472 | 1.000 | ||||||
2.715 | 3.190 | 2.000 | 1.000 | 20.000 | -0.272 |
1.000 | |||||
6.784 | 15.000 | 2.000 | 0.285 | 104.28 | -0.067 |
0.115 |
1.000 | ||||
0.0004 | 0.002 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.011 | 0.053 |
0.586 |
0.045 |
1.000 | |||
0.035 | 0.036 | 0.012 | 0.000 | 0.100 | -0.067 |
0.270 |
0.002 | 0.340 |
1.000 | ||
0.328 | 0.438 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 1.000 | -0.547 |
0.205 |
-0.077 |
-0.101 |
0.172 |
1.000 |
Crucial decision rules by using C4_5 model_
Network type | Conditional factor | Criteria | Decision facor | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dyadic network | - | <=23.5 | - | - | - | 60.16% | 0.70 | High |
- | >23.5 | - | - | - | 5.29% | 0.98 | Low | |
Star network | - | <=0.002 | <=0.371 | 40.05% | 0.77 | High | ||
- | - | - | >0.371 | - | 8.33% | 0.81 | Low | |
Ringlike network | - | <=2.580 | - | <=0.371 | - | 4.55% | 0.69 | Low |
- | (2.580,13.65] | - | <=0.371 | - | 6.04% | 0.75 | High | |
- | >13.65 | - | <=0.371 | - | 3.88% | 0.98 | Low | |
- | - | - | >0.371 | - | 68.85% | 0.85 | Low | |
Complex network | - | - | - | <=0.343 | - | 35.25% | 0.68 | High |
- | >2.45 | - | >0.343 | - | 7.55% | 0.71 | Low | |
>2.50 | <=2.45 | - | >0.343 | - | 18.29% | 0.94 | Low |
Crucial decision rules by using ID3 model_
Network type | Conditional factor | Criteria | Decision factor | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dyadic network | - | <=25.5 | - | - | - | 62.86% | 0.66 | High |
- | >25.5 | - | - | - | 4.29% | 1.00 | Low | |
Star network | - | <=0.001 | <=0.371 | 48.05% | 0.72 | High | ||
- | - | - | >0.371 | - | 7.03% | 0.85 | Low | |
Ringlike network | - | <=2.59 | - | <=0.371 | - | 4.02% | 0.66 | Low |
- | (2.59,13.65] | - | <=0.371 | - | 9.12% | 0.72 | High | |
- | >13.65 | - | <=0.371 | - | 3.59% | 1.00 | Low | |
- | - | - | >0.371 | - | 60.35% | 0.90 | Low | |
Complex network | - | - | - | <=0.339 | - | 44.37% | 0.68 | High |
- | >2.45 | - | >0.339 | - | 7.34% | 0.72 | Low | |
>2.50 | <=2.45 | - | >0.339 | - | 17.22% | 0.95 | Low |
Basic network indicators of heterogeneous alliance network embedding types_
Type | Communities | Nodes | Average cluster coefficient | Average path length | Density | Average degree | Maximum diameter |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dyadic network | 140 | 280 | 0.000 | 1.000 | 0.004 | 0.500 | 1.000 |
Star network | 120 | 553 | 0.238 | 1.784 | 0.003 | 0.855 | 5.000 |
Ringlike network | 60 | 309 | 0.875 | 1.560 | 0.011 | 1.618 | 3.000 |
Complex network | 16 | 1,017 | 0.636 | 6.116 | 0.004 | 1.986 | 15.000 |
Crucial decision rules for various alliance network types_
Network type | Conditional factor | Criteria | Decision factor | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dyadic network | - | <=25.5 | - | - | - | 62.86% | 0.66 | High |
- | >25.5 | - | - | - | 4.29% | 1.00 | Low | |
Star network | - | - | <=0.002 | <=0.367 | 45.39% | 0.70 | High | |
- | - | - | >0.367 | - | 7.23% | 0.80 | Low | |
Ringlike network | - | <=2.583 | - | <=0.367 | - | 4.21% | 0.65 | Low |
- | (2.583,14] | - | <=0.367 | - | 8.74% | 0.77 | High | |
- | >14 | - | <=0.367 | - | 3.88% | 1.00 | Low | |
- | - | - | >0.367 | - | 69.57% | 0.89 | Low | |
Complex network | - | - | - | <=0.339 | - | 38.54% | 0.69 | High |
- | >2.45 | - | >0.339 | - | 8.85% | 0.67 | Low | |
>2.50 | <=2.45 | - | >0.339 | - | 20.16% | 0.97 | Low |