<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

<sec id="j_jccm-2021-0002_s_006">
<h3>Introduction</h3>
<p>An increasing trend of cancer associated stroke has been noticed in the past decade.</p></sec>
<sec id="j_jccm-2021-0002_s_007">
<h3>Objectives</h3>
<p>To evaluate the risk factors and the incidence of neoplasia in stroke patients.</p></sec>
<sec id="j_jccm-2021-0002_s_008">
<h3>Material and Method</h3>
<p>A retrospective, observational study was undertaken on 249 patients with stroke and active cancer (SAC) and 1563 patients with stroke without cancer (SWC). The general cardiovascular risk factors, the site of cancer, and the general clinical data were registered and evaluated. According to the “Oxfordshire Community Stroke Project” (OCSP) classification, all patients were classified into the clinical subtypes of stroke. The aetiology of stroke was considered as large-artery atherosclerosis, small vessel disease, cardio-embolic, cryptogenic or other determined cause.</p></sec>
<sec id="j_jccm-2021-0002_s_009">
<h3>Results</h3>
<p>The severity of neurological deficits at admission were significantly higher in the SAC group (p&lt;0.01). The haemoglobin level was significantly lower, and platelet level and erythrocyte sedimentation rate were significantly higher in the SAC group. Glycaemia, cholesterol and triglycerides levels were significantly higher in the SWC group. The personal history of hypertension was more frequent in the SWC group. In the SAC group, 28.9% had a cryptogenic aetiology, compared to 9.1% in SWC group. Cardio-embolic strokes were more frequent in the SAC group (24%) than the SWC group (19.6%). In the SAC group, 15,6% were diagnosed with cancer during the stroke hospitalization, and 78% of the SAC patients were without metastasis.</p></sec>
<sec id="j_jccm-2021-0002_s_010">
<h3>Conclusions</h3>
<p>The most frequent aetiologies of stroke in cancer patients were cryptogenic stroke, followed by large-artery atherosclerosis. SAC patients had more severe neurological deficits and worse clinical outcomes than SWC patients. Stroke in cancer patients appears to be more frequently cryptogenic, probably due to cancer associated thrombosis. The association between stroke and cancer is important, especially in stroke of cryptogenic mechanism, even in the presence of traditional cardiovascular risk factors.</p></sec>
</abstract>

Introduction
An increasing trend of cancer associated stroke has been noticed in the past decade.

Objectives
To evaluate the risk factors and the incidence of neoplasia in stroke patients.

Material and Method
A retrospective, observational study was undertaken on 249 patients with stroke and active cancer (SAC) and 1563 patients with stroke without cancer (SWC). The general cardiovascular risk factors, the site of cancer, and the general clinical data were registered and evaluated. According to the “Oxfordshire Community Stroke Project” (OCSP) classification, all patients were classified into the clinical subtypes of stroke. The aetiology of stroke was considered as large-artery atherosclerosis, small vessel disease, cardio-embolic, cryptogenic or other determined cause.

Results
The severity of neurological deficits at admission were significantly higher in the SAC group (p<0.01). The haemoglobin level was significantly lower, and platelet level and erythrocyte sedimentation rate were significantly higher in the SAC group. Glycaemia, cholesterol and triglycerides levels were significantly higher in the SWC group. The personal history of hypertension was more frequent in the SWC group. In the SAC group, 28.9% had a cryptogenic aetiology, compared to 9.1% in SWC group. Cardio-embolic strokes were more frequent in the SAC group (24%) than the SWC group (19.6%). In the SAC group, 15,6% were diagnosed with cancer during the stroke hospitalization, and 78% of the SAC patients were without metastasis.

Conclusions
The most frequent aetiologies of stroke in cancer patients were cryptogenic stroke, followed by large-artery atherosclerosis. SAC patients had more severe neurological deficits and worse clinical outcomes than SWC patients. Stroke in cancer patients appears to be more frequently cryptogenic, probably due to cancer associated thrombosis. The association between stroke and cancer is important, especially in stroke of cryptogenic mechanism, even in the presence of traditional cardiovascular risk factors.

Ischemic Stroke in Patients with Cancer: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study

The Journal of Critical Care Medicine

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

{"article-title":"Ischemic Stroke in Patients with Cancer: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study"}

Introduction
An increasing trend of cancer associated stroke has been noticed in the past decade.

Objectives
To evaluate the risk factors and the incidence of...

Ischemic Stroke in Patients with Cancer: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study

Article Category: Research Article

Published Online: Jan 29, 2021

Page range: 54 - 61

Received: Sep 21, 2020

Accepted: Jan 05, 2021

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jccm-2021-0002

Keywords
cancer, stroke, cancer associated thrombosis, cryptogenic stroke, cardiovascular risk factors

© 2021 Anca Motataianu, Smaranda Maier, Sebastian Andone, Laura Barcutean, Georgiana Serban, Zoltan Bajko, Adrian Balasa, published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Ischemic Stroke in Patients with Cancer: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study

Article Category: Research Article

Published Online: Jan 29, 2021

Page range: 54 - 61

Received: Sep 21, 2020

Accepted: Jan 05, 2021

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jccm-2021-0002

Keywordscancer, stroke, cancer associated thrombosis, cryptogenic stroke, cardiovascular risk factors

© 2021 Anca Motataianu, Smaranda Maier, Sebastian Andone, Laura Barcutean, Georgiana Serban, Zoltan Bajko, Adrian Balasa, published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Keywords
cancer, stroke, cancer associated thrombosis, cryptogenic stroke, cardiovascular risk factors