Open Access

An IoT-driven framework based on sensor technology for smart greenhouses and precision agriculture

  
Feb 05, 2025

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Figure 1:

Flow diagram of the proposed IoT-based framework. IoT, Internet of Things.
Flow diagram of the proposed IoT-based framework. IoT, Internet of Things.

Figure 2:

ESP32 microcontroller.
ESP32 microcontroller.

Figure 3:

Sensor and control actuators with the ESP32 microcontroller used for the proposed IoT framework: (A) AHT10, (B) CJMCU-811, (C) hygrometer, (D) MQ135, (E) fan, and (F) mini pump. IoT, Internet of Things.
Sensor and control actuators with the ESP32 microcontroller used for the proposed IoT framework: (A) AHT10, (B) CJMCU-811, (C) hygrometer, (D) MQ135, (E) fan, and (F) mini pump. IoT, Internet of Things.

Figure 4:

Prepared smart greenhouse prototype.
Prepared smart greenhouse prototype.

Figure 5:

Sensor values obtained from sensors used in the Smart Greenhouse Prototype, displayed on Google Firebase (Units of each sensor values: Air Temperature [°C], Air Humidity [%], CO2 Level [ppm], Soil Moisture [% Volumetric Water Content (VWC)], Air Quality [ppm], Fan On/Off [True/False], Mini Pump On/Off [True/False]).
Sensor values obtained from sensors used in the Smart Greenhouse Prototype, displayed on Google Firebase (Units of each sensor values: Air Temperature [°C], Air Humidity [%], CO2 Level [ppm], Soil Moisture [% Volumetric Water Content (VWC)], Air Quality [ppm], Fan On/Off [True/False], Mini Pump On/Off [True/False]).

Figure 6:

Developed desktop application and its interfaces: (A) Login interface, (B) monitoring interface.
Developed desktop application and its interfaces: (A) Login interface, (B) monitoring interface.

Figure 7:

Login interface of the developed Java-based web application.
Login interface of the developed Java-based web application.

Figure 8:

Sensor value-based monitoring interface of the developed Java-based web application.
Sensor value-based monitoring interface of the developed Java-based web application.

Figure 9:

Login and registration screens of the developed mobile application.
Login and registration screens of the developed mobile application.

Figure 10:

Monitoring (a), and fan and valve control (b-c) screens of the developed mobile application.
Monitoring (a), and fan and valve control (b-c) screens of the developed mobile application.
Language:
English
Publication timeframe:
1 times per year
Journal Subjects:
Engineering, Introductions and Overviews, Engineering, other