Characteristics, causality, and suicidal behavior: a qualitative study of family members with suicide history in Wonogiri, Indonesia
, , , and | Jul 14, 2020
About this article
Article Category: Original article
Published Online: Jul 14, 2020
Page range: 169 - 178
Received: Nov 04, 2019
Accepted: Dec 07, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/fon-2020-0016
Keywords
© 2020 Susana Nurtanti et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.
The causality of suicide attempts behavior.
| Causality of Suicide | Participants | Total | ||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| P1 | P2 | P3 | P4 | P5 | P6 | P7 | P8 | P9 | P10 | P11 | P12 | P13 | P14 | P15 | ||
| Depression | √ | √ | √ | √ | - | - | - | - | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | 10 (67.0) | |
| Self-concept disorder | √ | √ | - | - | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | - | √ | - | √ | √ | 11 (73.0) |
| Sickness | - | - | - | √ | - | √ | √ | √ | - | √ | - | - | √ | √ | √ | 8 (53.0) |
| Genetics factor | - | √ | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1 (7.0) |
| Joblessness, economic crisis, and unemployment | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | - | √ | √ | - | √ | √ | √ | 13 (87.0) |
| Family conditions | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | - | - | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | 13 (87.0) |
| Causality Total | 4 | 5 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 2 | 5 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 5 | 5 | |
The questions from the interview.
| No | Theme | Questions |
|---|---|---|
| 1. | Identity and background of the subject | Name Sex Age Education Bacground Occupational Religion Religion behavior Family background Family type Family income Suicide ideation |
| 2. | Physical condition as follow | Medical record of the subject Response of the people around the subject about the disease they have Medicines taken by the subject Activities obstacle of the subject |
| 3. | Personality characteristics and mental health of the subject | Problem solving behavior Subject ability to express emotion Subject ability to take decision Subject difficulty to control emotion Subject difficulty to adapt in the neighborhood Subject suicide causality Suicide signs of the subject Subject suicide method |
| 4. | Experiences | Childhoodmemories Positive and negative experiences of the subject |
| 5. | Family characteristics | Relationship among family members (parents and siblings) Parenting toward the subject Family social-economic condition Subject communication in home |
| 6. | Social factors | Relationship between subject and surrounding (neighborhood, school, society) Behavior of people around the subject that affecting the subject (teachers, friends) Subject social behavior People opinion toward the subject interactions behavior |
Theme indentified based on the experiences of family members with suicide history.
| Themes | Categorized | Statement |
|---|---|---|
| Depression | Tekanan batin (disstressed) | P1: “................kayaknya adik saya kena tekanan batin.......” (it seems, my brother have been disstressed) |
| Depresi (depression) | P3: “...............anak saya terlihat depresi.......” (my son looked depressed) | |
| Sedih (sad) | P2: “..............beberapa hari yang lalu dia tampak sedih....” (a few days ago, he looked sad) | |
| Self concept disorder | Malu (shame/shy) | P5: “..........suami saya malu pada keluarga dan tetangga....” (my husband ashamed to his family and neighbour) |
| Minder (inferior) | P6: “...........anak saya dari dulu minder sama teman-temannya....” (my child has always felt inferior to his friends) | |
| Tidak percaya diri (not confident) | P14: “..........anak saya tidak percaya diri karena penyakitnya.....”(my son was not confident because of his illness) | |
| Sickness | Menderita (suffer) | P4: “....anak saya menderita karena penyakit kencing manisnya....” (my son suffered from his diabetes) |
| Penyakit menahun (chronic illness) | P10: “......penyakit anak saya sudah bertahun-tahun......” (my son's illness has been for years) | |
| Tidak sembuh-sembuh (not cured) | P14: “ ............anak saya penyakitnya tidak sembuh-sembuh padahal sudah berobat....” (my sister does not get well when she has treated | |
| Genetic factor | Keturunan (heredity) | P2: “..........bapak dulu juga meninggal gantung diri, adik saya perempuan dirawat di Rumah Sakit Jiwa karena depresi.....” (my dad died by hanging, and my sister has treated in mental hospital) |
| Joblesness, economic | Pengangguran (unemployed) | P3: “....anak saya sudah mengganggur sejak 2 tahun...” (my son hes been unemployement since 2 years ago) |
| Tidak bekerja (did not work) | P1: “.......adik saya tidak bekerja karena di phk pabriknya....” (my brother did not work because he left to his factory) | |
| Tidak mempunyai penghasilan (have no income) | P2: “..........adik saya tidak berpenghasilan cukup untuk keluarganya karena hanya sales...” (my sister doesn’t earn enough for her family because it's only sales) | |
| Family condition | kurang perhatian (lovelessness) Selain p6 dan p7 | P1: “............adik saya dari dahulu memang kurang perhatian dari orang tua....” (my younger brother from the past was indeed lacking in attention from parents) |
| Penolakan (denial) | P14: “.....anak saya pernah diputus pacarnya dua kali...” (my son was sent off twice by his girlfriend) | |
| Perceraian (divorce) | P8: “..........adik saya bercerai sejak 3 tahun yang lalu....” (my sister divorced since 3 years ago) |