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Evaluation of phenotypic variability of seedlings obtained from open pollination of three varieties of the genus Hylotelephium

Oldřiška Sotolářová
Oldřiška Sotolářová
, 
Radek Sotolář
Radek Sotolář
, 
Miroslav Vachůn
Miroslav Vachůn
, 
Robert Pokluda
Robert Pokluda
 and 
Jiří Uher
Jiří Uher
   | Dec 31, 2023
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Article Category: ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Published Online: Dec 31, 2023
Page range: 333 - 346
Received: Apr 04, 2023
Accepted: Jul 17, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/fhort-2023-0024
Keywords
© 2023 Oldřiška Sotolářová et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Figure 1.

Experimental area of Faculty of Horticulture, Mendel University in Brno (photo: July 2020).
Experimental area of Faculty of Horticulture, Mendel University in Brno (photo: July 2020).

Figure 2.

Examples of plant habit for descriptor number 2 (scales 1–4 in Table 1).
Examples of plant habit for descriptor number 2 (scales 1–4 in Table 1).

Figure 3.

Leaf: length (Scale 1.4.2. in Table 1) and width (Scale 1.4.3. in Table 1).
Leaf: length (Scale 1.4.2. in Table 1) and width (Scale 1.4.3. in Table 1).

Figure 4.

Primary colour of the adaxial leaf surface: (A) spring colouring of the upper leaves; (B) spring colouring of the lower leaves.
Primary colour of the adaxial leaf surface: (A) spring colouring of the upper leaves; (B) spring colouring of the lower leaves.

Figure 5.

Primary colour of adaxial leaf surface: summer colouring of upper leaves.
Primary colour of adaxial leaf surface: summer colouring of upper leaves.

Figure 6.

Comparison of the degrees of phenotypic variability of the evaluated populations (P) with their mother plants (M). (A) Descriptor No. 2: Plant-habit; (B) descriptor no. 3: Plant-height; (C) descriptor no. 4: Plant-width; (D) descriptor no. 14: Leaf-length; (E) descriptor no.17: Leaf-width; (F) descriptor no. 34a: Leaf-primary colour of adaxial leaf surface (summer); (G) descriptor no.34a: Leaf-primary colour of adaxial leaf surface (spring colouring of the upper leaves); (H) descriptor no. 34a: Leaf-primary colour of adaxial leaf surface (spring colouring of the lower leaves).
Comparison of the degrees of phenotypic variability of the evaluated populations (P) with their mother plants (M). (A) Descriptor No. 2: Plant-habit; (B) descriptor no. 3: Plant-height; (C) descriptor no. 4: Plant-width; (D) descriptor no. 14: Leaf-length; (E) descriptor no.17: Leaf-width; (F) descriptor no. 34a: Leaf-primary colour of adaxial leaf surface (summer); (G) descriptor no.34a: Leaf-primary colour of adaxial leaf surface (spring colouring of the upper leaves); (H) descriptor no. 34a: Leaf-primary colour of adaxial leaf surface (spring colouring of the lower leaves).

Figure 7.

Comparison of quantitative variables between populations (P) and their mothers (M). (A) Descriptor No. 3: Plant-height. (B) Descriptor No. 4: Plant-width. (C) Descriptor No. 14: Leaf-length. (D) Descriptor No. 17: Leaf-width.
Comparison of quantitative variables between populations (P) and their mothers (M). (A) Descriptor No. 3: Plant-height. (B) Descriptor No. 4: Plant-width. (C) Descriptor No. 14: Leaf-length. (D) Descriptor No. 17: Leaf-width.

Figure 8.

Correlations between the evaluated descriptors and individuals in a given population (P). (A) Scatter diagram showing the distribution of selected characteristics in the H. ‘Red Cauli’ population in the space of the first two axes. The first two axes explain 26.02% and 23.84% of the total variability, respectively. (B) Diagram of component weights showing the correlation of selected characteristics in the H. ‘Red Cauli’ population. The first two axes explain 26.02% and 23.84% of the total variability, respectively. (C) Scatter diagram showing the distribution of selected characteristics in the H. ‘Xenox’ population in the space of the first two axes. The first two axes explain 28.92% and 22.62% of the total variability, respectively. (D) Diagram of component weights showing the correlation of selected characteristics in the H. ‘Xenox’ population. The first two axes explain 28.92% and 22.62% of the total variability, respectively. (E) Scatter diagram showing the distribution of selected characteristics in the H. ‘Purple Emperor’ population in the space of the first two axes. The first two axes explain 30.60% and 19.43% of the total variability, respectively. (F) Diagram of component weights showing the correlation of selected characteristics in the H. ‘Purple Emperor’ population. The first two axes explain 30.60% and 19.43% of the total variability, respectively.
Correlations between the evaluated descriptors and individuals in a given population (P). (A) Scatter diagram showing the distribution of selected characteristics in the H. ‘Red Cauli’ population in the space of the first two axes. The first two axes explain 26.02% and 23.84% of the total variability, respectively. (B) Diagram of component weights showing the correlation of selected characteristics in the H. ‘Red Cauli’ population. The first two axes explain 26.02% and 23.84% of the total variability, respectively. (C) Scatter diagram showing the distribution of selected characteristics in the H. ‘Xenox’ population in the space of the first two axes. The first two axes explain 28.92% and 22.62% of the total variability, respectively. (D) Diagram of component weights showing the correlation of selected characteristics in the H. ‘Xenox’ population. The first two axes explain 28.92% and 22.62% of the total variability, respectively. (E) Scatter diagram showing the distribution of selected characteristics in the H. ‘Purple Emperor’ population in the space of the first two axes. The first two axes explain 30.60% and 19.43% of the total variability, respectively. (F) Diagram of component weights showing the correlation of selected characteristics in the H. ‘Purple Emperor’ population. The first two axes explain 30.60% and 19.43% of the total variability, respectively.

List of descriptions by Sotolářová (2022): selected descriptors.

Descriptor number Number Descriptor Scale Values Note
2. 1.2. Plant
1.2.1. Plant - habit 1 Upright
2 Semi-upright
3 Spreading
4 Repens
3. 1.2.2. Plant – height (cm) 1 Very low <10 cm
2 Very low-low 11–20 cm
3 Low 21–30 cm
4 Low-medium 31–40 cm
5 Medium 41–50 cm
6 Medium-high 51–60 cm
7 High 61–70 cm
8 High-very high 71–80 cm
9 Very high >80 cm
4. 1.2.3. Plant –width (cm) 3 Narrow <30 cm
5 Medium 31–65 cm
7 Wide 66–90 cm
9 Very wide >90 cm
16. 1.4. Leaf
1.4.2. Leaf – length (cm) 1 Very short <2 cm
3 Short 3–5 cm
5 Medium 6–8 cm
7 Long 9–10 cm
9 Very long >11 cm
17. 1.4.3. Leaf – width (cm) 1 Very narrow <2 cm
3 Narrow 3–4 cm
5 Medium narrow 5–6 cm
7 Wide 7–8 cm
9 Very wide >8 cm
34. (a, b, c) Leaf – primary Colour codes (RHS CCH 2007)
colour of adaxial 1 Yellow-green 144A
leaf surface 2 Light green 138B, 138C
3 Green 135C, 136B,
137A, 137C,
137D, N137A,
138A, 139C,
143A, 143B,
146B, 152A
4 Grey-green 133B, 136A, 136B, 136C, N137D, 138B, N138B, 189A
5 Dark green -
6 Burgundy N77B, 136B, 183C, 185B, 185C, 186A, 186B, 187C, 187D
7 Maroon 53A, 184A, 184B, N186D, 187B, 187C
8 Dark maroon 59A, N77A, 183A, 183B, 185A, N186C, 187A
9 Plum, damson N77B, N79A, N79B, N92A, N186A, N186B, N187A

Summary results of evaluation of populations (P) and their mother plants (M).

Valid N Average SE± Scale
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Descriptor number 2: Plant-habit
M1 - - - - - * - - - - - -
P1 54 - - 27 25 2 0 - - - - -
M2 - - - * - - - - - - - -
P2 90 - - 46 38 6 0 - - - - -
M3 - - - * - - - - - - - -
P3 919 - - 266 544 109 0 - - - - -
Descriptor number 3: Plant-height (cm)
M1 - 27.33 2.52 - - * - - - - - -
P1 54 32.72 8.57 0 5 18 19 11 1 0 0 0
M2 - 30.00 5.00 - - * - - - - - -
P2 90 33.81 5.62 0 9 27 33 17 3 1 0 0
M3 - 35.00 5.00 - - - * - - - - -
P3 919 29.53 9.41 10 153 346 298 100 11 1 0 0
Descriptor number 4: Plant-width (cm)
M1 - 58.33 2.89 - - - - * - - - -
P1 54 51.76 14.81 - - 3 - 41 - 10 - 0
M2 - 39.33 5.13 - - - - * - - - -
P2 90 54.04 19.62 - - 9 - 53 - 24 - 4
M3 - 42.33 2.52 - - - - * - - - -
P3 919 45.69 20.76 - - 236 - 525 - 137 - 21
Descriptor number 16: Leaf-length (cm)
M1 - 5.43 0.81 - - * - - - - - -
P1 54 4.23 4.26 0 - 49 - 5 - 0 - 0
M2 - 7.33 1.6 - - - - - - * - -
P2 90 4.14 5.72 0 - 84 - 6 - 0 - 0
M3 - 4.83 0.21 - - * - - - - - -
P3 919 4.64 5.42 2 - 777 - 140 - 0 - 0
Descriptor number 17: Leaf-width (cm)
M1 - 2.6 0.36 - - * - - - - - -
P1 54 2.82 1.19 9 - 45 - 0 - 0 - 0
M2 - 4.37 0.96 - - * - - - - - -
P2 90 2.76 1.01 10 - 80 - 0 - 0 - 0
M3 - 2.83 0.12 - - * - - - - - -
P3 919 3.07 1.16 94 - 812 - 13 - 0 - 0
Descriptor number 34a: Leaf-primary colour of adaxial leaf surface (summer foliage)
M1 - - - - - - - - * - - -
P1 54 - - 0 0 0 0 0 4 14 17 19
M2 - - - - - - - - - * - -
P2 90 - - 0 0 0 0 0 4 8 29 49
M3 - - - - - - - - - - * -
P3 919 - - 0 0 2 8 0 14 20 129 746
Descriptor number 34b: Leaf-primary colour of adaxial leaf surface (spring-upper foliage)
M1 - - - - - - * - - - - -
P1 54 - - 0 0 0 52 0 0 0 0 2
M2 - - - - - - * - - - - -
P2 90 - - 0 0 4 81 0 0 0 0 5
M3 - - - - - - * - - - - -
P3 919 - - 2 3 17 892 0 0 0 2 3
Descriptor number 34c: Leaf-primary colour of adaxial leaf surface (spring-lower foliage)
M1 - - - - - - - - - * - -
P1 54 - - 0 0 0 5 0 0 2 0 47
M2 - - - - - - - - - - - *
P2 90 - - 0 1 0 3 0 7 3 28 48
M3 - - - - - - - - - - - *
P3 919 - - 1 0 2 7 0 49 13 238 609
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