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Climatic signals in tree-ring width and stable isotopes composition of Pinus sylvestris L. Growing in the industrialized area nearby Kędzierzyn-Koźle

Barbara Sensuła
Barbara Sensuła
 and 
Sławomir Wilczyński
Sławomir Wilczyński
   | Nov 04, 2017
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Published Online: Nov 04, 2017
Page range: 240 - 255
Received: May 20, 2016
Accepted: May 09, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/geochr-2015-0070
Keywords
© 2017 B. Sensuła and S. Wilczyński
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Fig. 1

Decrease of δ13C in the air due to increase of CO2 (according to Boden et al., 2016; McCarroll et al., 2009).
Decrease of δ13C in the air due to increase of CO2 (according to Boden et al., 2016; McCarroll et al., 2009).

Fig. 2

Climate conditions (mean annual temperature, annual sunshine, annual total rainfall, and air relative humidity) in Opole (1951–2012).
Climate conditions (mean annual temperature, annual sunshine, annual total rainfall, and air relative humidity) in Opole (1951–2012).

Fig. 3

Sampling sites (A, B, C, N, S, T) in the vicinity of the nitrogen factory: Grupa Azoty ZAK (ZAK) and chemical factory Blachownia Holding S.A. – in the southern part of Poland; and dominant wind direction.
Sampling sites (A, B, C, N, S, T) in the vicinity of the nitrogen factory: Grupa Azoty ZAK (ZAK) and chemical factory Blachownia Holding S.A. – in the southern part of Poland; and dominant wind direction.

Fig. 4

The course of 6 sites tree-ring width chronologies (top) and sites sensitivity chronologies (bottom).
The course of 6 sites tree-ring width chronologies (top) and sites sensitivity chronologies (bottom).

Fig. 5

Comparison of the loadings of the first and second principal components for 6 sites (A, B, C, N, S, T, see Table 1) sensitivity chronologies.
Comparison of the loadings of the first and second principal components for 6 sites (A, B, C, N, S, T, see Table 1) sensitivity chronologies.

Fig. 6

The dendrogram of clusters of pine population (A, B, C, N, S, T, see Table 1) based on the similarity of their response to climatic conditions. Localization of the pine population with similar response.
The dendrogram of clusters of pine population (A, B, C, N, S, T, see Table 1) based on the similarity of their response to climatic conditions. Localization of the pine population with similar response.

Fig. 7

Significant (at p<0.05) regression (response function) coefficients calculated between PC1 (white bars), and PC2 (black dots) and monthly temperature (T), precipitation (P), sunshine duration (S) and relative humidity (H) from September of the previous year (pS) to September of the given year (S).
Significant (at p<0.05) regression (response function) coefficients calculated between PC1 (white bars), and PC2 (black dots) and monthly temperature (T), precipitation (P), sunshine duration (S) and relative humidity (H) from September of the previous year (pS) to September of the given year (S).

Fig. 8

Correlation coefficients between site (A, B, C, N, S, T, see Table 1) sensitivity chronologies and monthly climatic variables: temperature (T), precipitation (P), sunshine duration (S) and relative humidity (H) from September of the previous year (pS) to September of the given year (S).
Correlation coefficients between site (A, B, C, N, S, T, see Table 1) sensitivity chronologies and monthly climatic variables: temperature (T), precipitation (P), sunshine duration (S) and relative humidity (H) from September of the previous year (pS) to September of the given year (S).

Fig. 9

Stable carbon and oxygen isotopes chronologies. The raw δ13C values (dashed line) have been corrected (δ13Ccor values solid line) for changes in the isotopic ratio of atmospheric CO2.
Stable carbon and oxygen isotopes chronologies. The raw δ13C values (dashed line) have been corrected (δ13Ccor values solid line) for changes in the isotopic ratio of atmospheric CO2.

Fig. 10

Correlation between δ13C and δ18O chronologies of Scots pine growing in the industrial area.
Correlation between δ13C and δ18O chronologies of Scots pine growing in the industrial area.

Fig. 11

Measured (solid lines) and modelled (dashed line) values ot carbon and oxygen stable isotopic composition of α-cellulose samples extracted from annual tree rings of pine (1975–2012).
Measured (solid lines) and modelled (dashed line) values ot carbon and oxygen stable isotopic composition of α-cellulose samples extracted from annual tree rings of pine (1975–2012).

Fig. 12

(a) Changes in water use efficiency (WUE) due to global distribution and variation of the concentration of mid-tropospheric carbon dioxide in parts per million (ppm) and (b) global surface temperature relative to 1951–1980 average temperature (c) correlation between water use efficiency and the variability of the global surface temperature.
(a) Changes in water use efficiency (WUE) due to global distribution and variation of the concentration of mid-tropospheric carbon dioxide in parts per million (ppm) and (b) global surface temperature relative to 1951–1980 average temperature (c) correlation between water use efficiency and the variability of the global surface temperature.

The regression coefficient (Eq. 3.1) for the following variables: T (mean of the monthly maximum temperatures), P (monthly total precipitation), S (monthly hours of sunshine duration), H (mean of the monthly relative humidity). bi – multiple regression parameters. The test of significance gives a p-value (n=38).

VariablesUnitsδ13Ccorδ18O
bipibipi
ba‰−15.850.004−34.530.267
TApr‰ / °C−0.0280.133−0.1030.391
TMay‰ / °C−0.0430.1560.4210.043
TJun‰ / °C0.0370.1060.0260.857
TJul‰ / °C−0.0070.8170.3060.129
TAug‰ / °C0.0470.1100.2190.247
TSep‰ / °C−0.0190.352−0.0010.993
PApr‰ / mm0.0010.5560.0040.755
PMay‰ / mm−0.0030.0790.0040.693
P Jun‰ / mm−0.0010.596−0.0070.588
PJul‰ / mm−0.0010.592−0.0090.270
PAug‰ / mm0.0020.148−0.0020.797
PSep‰ / mm−0.0010.6520.0020.872
SApr‰ / hours of sunshine−0.0030.1790.0200.124
SMay‰ / hours of sunshine0.0010.521−0.0210.110
SJun‰ / hours of sunshine0.0070.003−0.0080.541
SJul‰ / hours of sunshine−0.0060.0450.0290.107
SAug‰ / hours of sunshine0.0030.125−0.0070.497
SSep‰ / hours of sunshine−0.0060.0130.0190.205
HApr‰ / %−0.0440.1040.2900.106
HMay‰ / %0.0400.090−0.2370.128
HJun‰ / %0.0880.009−0.1500.446
HJul‰ / %−0.0640.1040.4740.071
HAug‰ / %−0.0090.672−0.0380.782
HSep‰ / %−0.0900.0010.1200.374

Statistical characteristics of the site chronologies for the 1951–2012 period. TRW – mean tree-ring width; TRI – mean tree-ring index; MS – mean sensitivity; rbt – the mean correlation of standardized series of trees – the signal strength of the chronology, EPS – the expressed population signal is a statistic for examining the common variability in a chronology.

SiteLat. N,Lon. EElevation (m)TRW (cm)TRIMSrbtEPS
A50°19’,18°15’1922.201.00.230.420.93
B50°20’,18°18’2091.811.00.260.520.95
C50°20’,18°19’2181.311.00.280.490.95
N50°22’,18°23’2181.801.00.210.390.93
S50°18’,18°20’2151.481.00.220.460.93
T50°18’,18°17’2071.771.00.260.490.95
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