<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
Managing safety in construction aims to ensure that buildings are safe for occupants and meet applicable safety standards. These actions help to mitigate potential hazards and provide protection for the lives and well-being of people within the building. This article analyzes the causes of construction disasters in Poland during the years 2020-2021, comparing them with data from 2015-2019. The disasters are categorized into two groups based on their causes: those triggered by random factors and those resulting from human error. Catastrophes arising from random factors account for 70 to 83% of all construction disasters.
</abstract>

Analysis of the causes of construction accidents as a component of building safety management

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<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
Architecture, as a science and practice of forming the environment, sensitively responds to the challenges of modernity – technological, economic, etc. One of the urgent challenges is environmental, the concern of which is formulated in many international acts, including the UN Sustainable Development Goals until 2030. Methods of neutralizing the negative impact on the environment in modern conditions are costly and consist of energy-intensive technologies. Architecture has been built since ancient times on the principles of consistent inclusion of artificial structures in the environment: in different countries there are traditional methods of protection from adverse climatic factors through the use of architectural planning and structural techniques. Demonstration of the possibilities of traditional ways of forming a comfortable environment in the countries of the East, as well as their interpretation in modern energy-efficient practice of architecture and construction is given in this article.
</abstract>

Energy efficiency in the architecture of the eastern countries: traditions and innovations

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<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
Reinforcing bars are usually produced with a length of 12 m (max. 18 m). In some reinforced concrete structures, it is necessary to use full-length continuous bars. However, it is more convenient to work with shorter rods. For these reasons, it is often necessary to connect the bars on site, e.g. when repairing RC beams or columns. This article presents welded joints that connect rebars in the longitudinal direction to ensure force transmission: joints with fillet welds and butt welds. The advantages and disadvantages of the various types of reinforcement bar welded connections are shown, allowing a decision to be made on which type of connection to use in a particular case. Analyzing the different types of connections and their technical aspects makes it easier to determine which one is more economical. Alternative butt joints and mechanical splices were also presented.
</abstract>

Technical and economic aspects of load-bearing welded joints in reinforcing steel

<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
Nowadays a modern building must be energy efficient, i.e. distinguished by extremely low energy consumption. The building must be built according to the principles of sustainability, considering how it can be maximally friendly to the environment, and its life cycle should comply with the principles of the circular economy. Buildings with constructions made from natural origin materials are being built more and more in Lithuania. Such materials include fibrous hemp. The study presents the results of research on the properties of hemp shiv concrete made with binders of different compositions. The calcitic lime, composite portland cement, organic sapropel and mixtures of these materials were used as binding material for the research. Hemp shives are used for concrete fillers. The tests determined the compressive strength of hemp-shiv concrete, and the thermal conductivity of the concrete was tested under laboratory conditions. The research was performed based on standard methods and equipment.
</abstract>

Research on the properties of concrete with hemp shives

<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
The results of the numerical calculation of the thermodynamic parameters of a cascade (two-stage) air-to-water heat pump at low atmospheric air temperatures are presented. A Freon R407c is used in the first circuit and a R152a is used in the second circuit. Calculations are made for ambient temperatures from 7°С to –25°С. The effect of underrecovery temperatures in heat exchange equipment is shown. Cycles with R245fa, R142b, R114, R123, R290, R236fa, R600a refrigerants, a mixture of isobutane and isopentane have been investigated. The effect of the complexity of a two-stage scheme on the efficiency of the cycle has been evaluated. The use of more complex schemes (for example, with liquid injection) does not affect the thermodynamic perfection of the heat pump and may be appropriate only to ensure operational reliability. Reducing the underrecovery temperature to 1 K is shown to increase the thermodynamic efficiency of the installation.
</abstract>

Parameters of a cascade two-stage air-to-water heat pump at low ambient temperature

<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
Modern industries, including those in construction, increasingly uses various types of polymer materials, which should be characterized by good mechanical properties. In this work, the effect of strain rate (10, 20, and 50 mm/min) on the tensile and properties of three polymers (high-density polyethylene (HDPE), polypropylene (PP), and polyvinylchloride (PVC)) was studied. A twin-screw extruder was used for the preparation of samples. In order to study the influence of strain rate, tensile strength was used. Mechanical property results show that the tensile properties, tensile strength, and elastic modulus increased with the increase in the strain rate, while elongation at the break point decreased.
</abstract>

Strain rate effect on the mechanical properties of thermoplastic polyolefin

<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
This study investigated the impact of two different heating rates (10 and 20 °C/min) on the thermal characteristics of three specific polymers: high-density polyethylene (HDPE), polypropylene (PP) and polyvinylchloride (PVC). A twin-screw extruder was employed to prepare the samples. In order to examine the influence of heating rate, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was used. The results of the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis, including the glass transition temperature (Tg), melting temperature (Tm), enthalpy change (ΔHm) and crystallization temperature (Tc), indicate that the melting temperature and enthalpy drops for polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) when the heating rate increases. Furthermore, there is a minor alteration in the Tc. These studies are also of significant importance for the future of construction, which increasingly emphasizes ecological and sustainable solutions.
</abstract>

Heating rate effect on the thermal properties of thermoplastic polyolefins

<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
To maintain indoor comfort, buildings and the construction sector in general consume 30-40% of the World’s total energy. This is mainly due to air conditioning, ventilation, and heating. The least effective and weakest elements of the building envelope are windows and glazed surfaces. So far, several technological solutions have been designed to reduce heat losses and eliminate excessive heat gains through transparent surfaces. In recent decades, aerogel has attracted attention, mainly known for its excellent thermotechnical properties and transparent structure. As a result, it is considered one of the most promising thermal insulation materials for building applications. This paper provides a comprehensive review of aerogel glazing systems, their properties and future potential in the construction industry (especially in the energy efficiency of buildings).
</abstract>

Aerogel glazing systems for the energy efficiency of buildings: A review

<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
Over the past two decades, hyperbranched polymers (HBPs) have been an interesting material for many researchers due to their unique physical and chemical properties. The purpose of this article is to review hyperbranched polymers, their history, their synthesis methodologies and their main applications. It was found that the first hyperbranched polymer was synthesized in the 19th century by Berzelius and since then several researchers have prepared other hyper-branched polymers. In addition, there are many methods for the synthesis of hyperbranched polymers, both simple and complex. There are also several applications of these polymers, ranging from construction and building materials to biomaterials. The structure of polymers is responsible for a wide range of material properties. These properties allow the use of polymer materials in the design of building and industrial structures.
</abstract>

A review of hyperbranched polymers: their history, synthesis methodology and general applications

<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
Waste packaging glass with different chemical compositions were used to prepare lime-silicate products, a form of eco-friendly building materials. The percentages of glass, occurring in three colours: colourless, green and brown, were 33, 66 and 100 per cent by weight of quartz sand, which, along with lime, is the main component of silicate products. Compressive strength, bulk density and water adsorption were tested on autoclaved cylindrical specimens with a height and diameter of 25 mm. The results show that as the waste glass content of the autoclaved samples increases, the compressive strength and water adsorption increase, at the same time, the bulk density decreases. The chemical composition that determines the colour of the glass shows differences in the physical and chemical characteristics obtained.
</abstract>

Lime-silica products based on waste packaging glass

<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
In this study, cost optimization of a 4-storey school building is carried out. For the optimization, ACDOS (Automated Cost and Design Optimization of Structures) program – which is a computing platform created by the authors – is used. The Rao-1 algorithm is the optimization method used. As a result, a cost analysis of the RC building was performed and 12% cost savings were achieved.
</abstract>

Optimizing the cost of a school building using the Rao algorithm

<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
The article presents the principles of shaping material systems of modern building joints in terms of thermal and humidity requirements. An integral part of the work is the calculation of the physical parameters of the connection between the external wall and the window using a computer program. The choice of material solutions for construction joints should be based on calculations and analyzes of their physical parameters. The physical parameters of the connection between the external wall and the window in the cross-section through the lintel depend on the arrangement of the material layers of the joint: e.g. type and thickness of thermal insulation, window location. Improper shaping of the arrangement of material layers results in increased heat losses in the form of heat flux Φ [W] and linear heat transfer coefficient Ψ [W/(m·K)] and a decrease in temperature on the internal surface of the partition at the thermal bridge, which may lead to the risk of the occurrence of condensation on the inner surface of the partition.
</abstract>

Shaping material systems of contemporary external partition joints in terms of thermal and humidity requirements

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Construction of Optimized Energy Potential

Budownictwo o Zoptymalizowanym Potencjale Energetycznym

 Print ISSN: 2299-8535   The periodical Construction of Optimized Energy Potential presents the theoretical and practical problems of modern energy-saving, energy-active,...

MNiSW

 Print ISSN: 2299-8535   The periodical Construction of Optimized Energy Potential presents the theoretical and practical problems of modern...