<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>Nowadays, teaching grammar and lexis to students is undoubtedly necessary but not enough. The new approaches to language teaching place a great emphasis on developing learners’ communicative competency. Besides the professional skills, essential to a successful career, individuals also need to acquire the communicative competency, which is equally important as it includes various other competencies, such as: linguistic, social, socio-cultural, or strategic competences in order to communicate and interact with each other. Our paper aims at discussing the different ways and methods teachers can use in the language classroom to build and enhance students’ social and strategic competencies.</abstract>

Strategic and Social Competences in the Foreign Language Class

<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> In this paper we will present the concept of Protestant Work Ethics as conceptualized and measured by several authors, starting with its initiator, Max Weber, in order to emphasize the importance of work ethic on attitudes towards work. We will also analyze the four dimensions of work ethic - hard work, nonleisure, independence and asceticism, identified by Blau and Ryan (1997) among military students, trying to identify how they vary according to a series of socio- demographic data of military students.</abstract>

The Protestant Work Ethic and Attitudes Towards Work

<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>For the sake of contemporaneity, the notion of sustainable development has become the key concept in developing new paradigms of human survival, in designing new ways of managing social systems. The current state of today’s humanity is looking for a new development model as well as new security objectives.Considered as a process over time, human development means creating, through action at policy level, the conditions for facilitating sustainable human development, such as appropriate education, health, material wellbeing, participation, social empowerment and inclusion and establishment of a model of socially and geographically equitable economic growth.</abstract>

Correlation Between Human Development and Sustainable Development – Condition of Human Security

<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> Migration has existed since the beginning of mankind. The phenomenon has not been ceased in time, but it has changed and acquired new forms. Migration processes are conducted simultaneously and they are increasing in many countries. One of the long term results of this development could be the emergence of multicultural societies, tending towards new concepts of citizenship or national state. Most of the developed countries have become diversified and multiethnic societies, and those who have not reached this level yet, have turned decisively in this direction. The social consequences of migration are as important as its influence on the economy. The regulation of the migration processes supposes the application of legal, administrative and socio-economic measures that are aimed to stimulate or limit the migration of population in or from the country, to ensure the respect of the migrants’ rights, to fight against both the illegal migration and illicit trafficking in human beings.</abstract>

Threats and Risks Generated by Illegal Migration Flows and Their Control

<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>Nobody in this world wants to be held hostage in a traffic jam for hours and hours. The need to have efficient traffic flow in our roads cannot be overemphasized. It is in this understanding that this paper delves into the study and implementation of a suitable algorithm for traffic routing. The implementation is based on graph theory, where a road network map is first converted to a graph with nodes and edges where the edges represent the roads and the nodes represent the various road intersections. The roads are given various weights depending on their distance and traffic density, and the time a motorist would take to move from one point to another is estimated. A suitable routing algorithm, which in this case is the Dijkstra’s algorithm is applied on the weighted graph.</abstract>

Traffic Routing Algorithm for Road Network

<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> Physical qualities are crucial elements constituting the training process, along with the technical, psychological or tactical training. The more the physical qualities, speed, agility, endurance and strength are developed, the greater the major functions of the body, especially breathing and circulation have a higher activity potential and the body appropriates easier and better a wide range of basic and practical-applied physical skills. In the modern conception, providing superior indices for physical skills development has become a prerequisite to achieving superior performance, therefore it represents the priority number one of specialists in identifying increasingly more sophisticated methods to ensure efficiency.</abstract>

Development of Basic Physical Qualities, Essential Condition for Creating a Competitive Physical Capacity

<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
The ever-increasing demand for employees with cybersecurity and artificial intelligence expertise in healthcare technology roles has resulted in an unprecedented skills shortage. Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs) and Historically Women’s Colleges (HWCs) can significantly develop under-represented and diverse talent in this field. As bio-cybersecurity concerns widen, there is an urgent need for individuals with skillsets related to the security of biological payloads and systems. In addition, the inclusion of traditionally under-represented groups into the cybersecurity workforce is necessary to ensure the diversity of skills and security knowledge needed to combat cyberattacks. This paper will discuss how HBCUs and HWCs can contribute to diversifying the cybersecurity workforce, their role in developing artificial intelligence (AI) and bio-cybersecurity talent, and how they can provide an educational platform for new and under-represented talent in the field. It will also address the need for experienced artificial intelligence experts, bio-cybersecurity professionals, educators, and policymakers to facilitate the integration of cybersecurity experts into the traditional biological workforce. Ultimately, this paper will demonstrate how the inclusion of diverse and traditionally under-represented individuals in bio-cybersecurity and artificial intelligence (AI) will benefit the security infrastructure of biological systems.
</abstract>

Addressing Bio-Cybersecurity Workforce Employee Shortages in Biotechnology and Health Science Sectors in the U.S.

<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
This position paper delves into the complex interplay between proactive cyber defense mechanisms and inherent human susceptibilities. The researchers posit that as cyber systems advance in technical robustness, malicious entities progressively exploit human psychological tendencies and behavioral inconsistencies to circumvent security measures. These exploitations are not merely opportunistic but are strategic, leveraging a profound comprehension of human cognitive biases to undermine security infrastructures. The researchers argue for broadening the intellectual horizon in this domain, underscoring the imperative for a multidisciplinary methodology that amalgamates the empirical acumen of psychology, sociology, and computer science. The article asserts that the fortification of cyber defenses is contingent upon the comprehensive integration of human vulnerability assessments within cybersecurity frameworks. This position paper calls for an augmentation of scholarly research at the nexus of offensive cybersecurity and human factors, formulating defense mechanisms centered around the human element and promulgating inclusive cybersecurity policies that harmonize human and technological considerations.
</abstract>

The Intersectionality of Offensive Cybersecurity and Human Factors: A Position Paper

<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
In today’s globalized era, education stands at the nexus of profound transformation. As the globe shrinks and cross-cultural interactions become the norm rather than the exception, the traditional boundaries between language learning and content subjects are being dismantled. This union is not just a pedagogical trend, but a response to a world where interdisciplinarity and multilingualism are paramount. This article delves into the transformative approach of integrating content and language, spotlighting its significance, evolution, benefits and challenges, and the vast potential it holds in shaping the future of education worldwide. Through this exploration, we will uncover ways in which the successful marriage between content and language is pragmatically reshaping educational paradigms, offering students a richer, more holistic learning experience tailored for the complexities of the modern world.
</abstract>

Harmonizing Words and Worlds: The Fusion of Content and Language in Modern Education

<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
The research carried out through this article was structured starting from the clarification of some key concepts of external public audit, continuing with revealing the role of the supreme institutions of external public audit (such as the Romanian Court of Auditors) in this action of great importance and complexity and concluding with the practical aspects related to the conclusions drawn by the Court of Auditors in the audit missions of the financial statements performed in recent years in army entities. Thus, the approach was structured on the following chapters:
1) The concept of external financial audit of public institutions and the standards underlying this type of audit performed by the Romanian Court of Auditors;
2) The main characteristics of the external financial audit missions performed by the Romanian Court of Auditors in public institutions; 3) The main conclusions drawn from the financial audit missions of the Court of Auditors performed in last years in public entities of the Ministry of National Defense.
</abstract>

Conclusions Drawn from the Study on the Content and Results Obtained Following the External Public Audit Missions Performed by the Court of Auditors in Entities of the Ministry of National Defense in the Last 5 Years

<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
Starting from the premise that the great economic crises of the last decades were based on the great financial scandals that shook the world economy, I found that auditing in general, and the process of auditing financial statements, has started to be questioned. Thus, I believe that it is necessary and obligatory to analyze whether financial audit, as it is now, is still suitable for modern society, i.e. whether its construction and methodology still meets the requirements of a constantly evolving market economy. Because of this, I considered it appropriate to carry out an analysis, aimed to identify new perspectives for the development of financial auditing in line with the requirements of a constantly changing market economy.
I started my scientific approach from the identification and presentation of possible vulnerabilities in the work carried out by financial auditors, which may occur when formulating the audit opinion.
My aim was to analyze the main elements that generate or enhance these vulnerabilities and to identify possible ways of combating and eliminating these effects in order to improve and increase the confidence of users of financial accounting information in their work.
</abstract>

Vulnerabilities of Financial Auditing and its Adaptation to the Current Needs of the Users

<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
The paper presents the main results of an exploratory research conducted in 2022 within an Erasmus+ international project, entitled “Military Gender Studies”. The aim of the investigation was to identify military students’ perceptions, thoughts, behaviors, and expectations concerning several peculiarities of gender issues in the daily life of the military organization: gender balance, gender differences, equality, equity, and discrimination. The respondents – Land Forces Academy students – were also asked about the opportunity/necessity to insert aspects related to gender perspectives into the academic curriculum. The structured interview method was used for data collection, which subsequently informed the qualitative data analysis. The findings presented synthetically could guide a future gender education approach, addressed to both male and female cadets and aimed at providing important tools for promoting the gender perspective in the military.
</abstract>

Unpacking the Perception of Gender Roles in the Military

<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>This article is analyzing the meanings of the micro-learning trend, as they have emerged and developed over the last few years. Exploring how the term micro-learning is used to organize and order a set of pedagogical and technological phenomena and concepts in new and interesting ways, it is brought into focus the most popular and widely used learning management platforms that embrace this concept.</abstract>

Microlearning an Evolving Elearning Trend

<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> Leisure sport activities have an important role inmaintaining health and physical fitness at adults, but also being more and more used for different other reasons like socialization, communication, making new friends and relationships, self-image, challenge etc. Our study focused on finding the main necessities of adults regarding leisure sport activities, discovering the real reasons of practicing sport activities in their free time. So, using the questionnaire method, we asked 204 adults of their real necessities regarding leisure sport activities and why they practice specific sports in their free time. The results showed that different sports are practiced for different necessities, so the practitioners of volleyball game highlighted the necessities of socialization and communication, the football practitioners had chosen movement and competition necessities as main reasons for practicing sport, basketball players elected affiliation and maintain health necessities as primordial, fitness or gym practitioners affirmed that main reasons for practicing sport activities are self-image and satisfaction necessities. The conclusions of the study were that indifferent of the sport that is practiced, leisure sport activities contributes in fulfilling the adult necessities and is an important way of maintain physical, social and psychological progress</abstract>

Leisure Sport Activities and Their Importance in Living a Healthy Physical and Psycho-Social Lifestyle

<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>It is said that western society is heading toward individuation, towards personalization. This, along with continuous technological progress, triggers the concept of Personal Identity Online (PIO) which highlights and tailors a specific characteristic of an individual’s behavior in an online network of similar ones, benefitting from a single opportunity to shape an individual’s identity differently from the one he has in reality. Looked at from the network of ties existent in a social online environment, identity is tailored by each individual representation in virtual encounters. This representation is provided by the users’ profiles while the posts used are enriched and shared account for the visual representation of alterity. The present paper looks at how impression management and personal branding are developed in the social network environment in a desire to complete personal characteristics that reality did not grant. Analysis on posted content, management of information and social manifestation are involved to this end.</abstract>

Personal Online Identity-Branding or Impression Management

<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>The objective of this paper is to analyze the control system that the media offered to Russian disinformation campaigns in a supposed context of hybrid warfare. The exposure of the news offered by the main media channels allows the analysis of the concept of hybrid warfare to be concentrated and its comparison with the traditional strategic conception, in order to determine if the activities in question can be classified in this type of conflict. Information warfare and related components such as cyber warfare, electronic warfare and more, are becoming increasingly complex and can be used both defensively and offensively in the current security context offered by the national media.</abstract>

Informative Combat of the Russian Hybrid War

<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title> The use of information and communication technologies (ICT) in teaching and learning foreign languages has risen sharply among the educational community. Teachers access and implement innovations without always realizing their full implications for them and their students. However, this is not necessarily a negative thing, because if no one used innovations, little progresses would be made and there would be nothing to evaluate. The article presents certain features of ICT that can be used to good advantage in a rich learning environment, and the use of video as an ICT tool in the foreign language class. The paper also discusses the role of the teacher in implementing technologies and we argue that it is the teacher, not the technology who determines the quality of the learning and teaching. There are people who are afraid that the teacher’s role would be compromised if we integrate information communication technologies in education; however we militate for a ‘techno-humanistic’ system, in which teachers, learners and technology would form a lasting meaningful alliance.</abstract>

Teaching and Learning Foreign Languages with ICT

<abstract><title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>The fixed point theory is essential to various theoretical and applied fields, such as variational and linear inequalities, the approximation theory, nonlinear analysis, integral and differential equations and inclusions, the dynamic systems theory, mathematics of fractals, mathematical economics (game theory, equilibrium problems, and optimisation problems) and mathematical modelling. This paper presents a few benchmarks regarding the applications of the fixed point theory. This paper also debates if the results of the fixed point theory can be applied to the mathematical modelling of quality.</abstract>

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Scientific Bulletin

Scientific Bulletin of the Nicolae Balcescu Land Forces Academy, Sibiu, Romania

The Scientific Bulletin is a double blind peer-review academic, biannually publication of the “Nicolae Balcescu” Land Forces Academy in Sibiu, issued in English language. It aims at...

The Scientific Bulletin is a double blind peer-review academic, biannually publication of the “Nicolae Balcescu” Land Forces Academy in Sibiu,...