Hydrogen-Powered Ultralight Training Aircraft — A Systems Engineering Approach

This study identifies a practical and scalable entry point for hydrogen-powered aviation by applying a systems engineering and Minimum Viable Product (MVP) approach. Given persistent challenges – including hydrogen storage limitations, integration constraints, and a lack of supporting infrastructure – the most viable early application is found in a Light or Ultralight training aircraft. A hydrogen-electric configuration using Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) fuel cells and high-pressure gaseous hydrogen storage is proposed. This solution minimizes technical and logistical barriers, aligns with existing flight school operations, and offers a pathway toward broader adoption of hydrogen in aviation.