Racialization Without Racism in Scholarship on Old Age

Ayalon, Liat, and Amber M. Gum. 2011. The Relationships Between Major Discrimination, Everyday Discrimination, and Mental Health in Three Racial and Ethnic Groups of Older People. Aging and Mental Health 15(5): 587–94.10.1080/13607863.2010.543664Search in Google Scholar

Bairot, Rohit, and John Bird. 2001. Racialization: the Geneology and Critique of the Concept. Ethnic and Racial Studies 24(4): 601–18.10.1080/01419870120049806Search in Google Scholar

Banton, Michael. 2016. Racism. Pp. 1729–1736 in The Wiley Blackwell Encyclopedia of Race, Ethnicity and Nationalism (Volume IV: N-Som), edited by John Stone, Rutledge M. Dennis, Polly S. Rizova, Anthony D. Smith, and Xiaoshuo Hou. West Sussex, UK: Wiley-Blackwell.Search in Google Scholar

Banton, Michael. 2004. Racism. Pp. 349–351 in Encyclopedia of Race and Ethnic Studies, edited by Ellis Cashmore. London/New York: Routledge.Search in Google Scholar

Barnes, Lisa L., Robert S. Wilson, Liesi E. Hebert, Paul A. Scherr, Denis A. Evans, and Carlos F. Mendes de Leon. 2011. Racial Differences in the Association of Education with Physical and Cognitive Function in Older Blacks and Whites. Journal of Gerontology Series B: Psychological and Social Sciences 66(3): 354–363.10.1093/geronb/gbr016Search in Google Scholar

Bécares, Laia, Mai Stafford, and James Nazroo. 2009. Fear of Racism, Employment and Expected Organizational Racism: their Association with Health. European Journal of Public Health 19(5): 504–10.10.1093/eurpub/ckp071Search in Google Scholar

Bonilla-Silva, Eduardo. 2014. Racism Without Racists: Color-blind Racism and the Persistence of Racial Inequality in America. Lanham, MD: Rowan & Littlefield.Search in Google Scholar

Bonilla-Silva, Eduardo. 2012. The Invisible Weight of Whiteness: the Racial Grammar of Everyday Life in Contemporary America. Ethnic and Racial Studies 35(2): 173–94.Search in Google Scholar

Bonilla-Silva, Eduardo. 1997. Rethinking Racism: Toward a Structural Interpretation. American Sociological Review 62(3): 465–480.10.2307/2657316Search in Google Scholar

Braun, Kathryn L., Colette V. Browne, Lana Sue Káopua, Bum Jung Kim, and Noreen Mokuau. 2014. Research on Indigenous Elders: From Positivistic to Decolonizing Methodologies. The Gerontologist 54(1): 117–126.10.1093/geront/gnt067Search in Google Scholar

Castoriadis, Cornelius. 1994. Radical Imagination and the Social Instituting Imaginary. Pp. 136–154 in Rethinking Imagination: Culture and Creativity, edited by Gillian Robinson and John F. Rundell. London: Routledge.10.4324/9781315003528-8Search in Google Scholar

Castoriadis, Cornelius. 1987. The Imaginary Institution of Society. London: Polity.Search in Google Scholar

Cornell, Stephen, and Douglas Hartmann. 1998. Ethnicity and Race: Making Identities in a Changing World. Thousand Oaks/London/New Delhi: Pine Forge.Search in Google Scholar

Consedine, Nathan S., Carol Magai, and Francine Conway. 2004. Predicting Ethnic Variation in Adaptation to Later Life: Styles of Socioemotional Functioning and Constrained Heterotypy. Journal of Cross-Cultural Gerontology 19: 97–131.10.1023/B:JCCG.0000027847.16659.b0Search in Google Scholar

David, Steven, and Bob G. Knight. 2008. Stress and Coping Among Gay Men: Age and Ethnic Differences. Psychology and Aging 23(1): 62–69.10.1037/0882-7974.23.1.62Search in Google Scholar

Dick, Hilary P., and Kristina Wirtz. 2011. Racializing Discourses. Journal of Linguistic Anthropology 21(S1): E2–E10.10.1111/j.1548-1395.2011.01094.xSearch in Google Scholar

Dillaway, Heather E. 2016. Are Hysterectomies Necessary? Racial-Ethnic Differences in Women’s Attitudes. Journal of Women & Aging, 28(4): 309–321.10.1080/08952841.2015.1017429Search in Google Scholar

Dulin, Patrik S., Christine Stephens, Fiona Alpass, Robert D. Hill, and Brendan Stevenson. 2011. The Impact of Socio-Contextual, Physical and Lifestyle Variables on Measures of Physical and Psychological Wellbeing among Maori and Non-Maori: The New Zealand Health, Work and Retirement Study. Ageing & Society, 31: 1406–1424.10.1017/S0144686X10001479Search in Google Scholar

Elias, Sean, and Joe R. Feagin. 2016. Racial Theories in Social Science: A Systemic Racism Critique. New York/London: Routledge.10.4324/9781315628288Search in Google Scholar

Emirbayer, Mustafa, and Mathew Desmond. 2012. Race and Reflexivity. Ethnic and Racial Studies, 35(4): 574–99.10.1080/01419870.2011.606910Search in Google Scholar

Essed, Philopema. 1991. Understanding Everyday Racism: An Interdisciplinary Theory. Newbury Park, London and New Delhi: Sage Publications.10.4135/9781483345239Search in Google Scholar

Feagin, Joe R. 2014. Racist America: Roots, Current Realities, and Future Reparations. New York: Routledge.Search in Google Scholar

Ferrer, Ilyan, Amanda Grenier, Shari Brotman, and Sharon Koehn. 2017. Understanding the Experiences of Racialized Older People Through an Intersectional Life Course Perspective. Journal of Aging Studies 41: 10–17.10.1016/j.jaging.2017.02.001Search in Google Scholar

Fraser, Nancy. 2009. Scales of Justice: Reimagining Political Space in a Globalizing World. New York: Columbia University Press.Search in Google Scholar

Fraser, Nancy. 1997. Justice Interrupts: Critical Reflections on the ‘Post-socialist’ Condition. New York: RoutledgeSearch in Google Scholar

Fraser, Nancy. 1996. Social Justice in the Age of Identity Politics: Redistribution, Recognition and Participation. The Tanner Lectures on Human Values, 30 April–2 May, Stanford University.Search in Google Scholar

Gaonkar, Dilip P. 2002. Toward New Imaginaries: An Introduction. Public Culture 14(1): 1–19.10.1215/08992363-14-1-1Search in Google Scholar

Grewal, Ini, James Nazroo, Madhavi Bajekal, David Blane, and Jane Lewis. 2004. Influences on Quality of Life: A Qualitative Investigation of Ethnic Differences Among Older People in England. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 30(4): 737–761.10.1080/13691830410001699595Search in Google Scholar

Grosfoguel, Raman. 2004. Race and Ethnicity or Racialized Ethnicities: Identities within Global Coloniality. Ethnicities 4(3): 315–36.10.1177/1468796804045237Search in Google Scholar

Hendricks, Kasey. 2016. Racism, Structural and Institutional. Pp. 1747-1748 in The Wiley Blackwell Encyclopedia of Race, Ethnicity and Nationalism (Volume IV: N-Som), edited by John Stone, Rutledge M. Dennis, Polly S. Rizova, Anthony D. Smith, and Xiaoshuo Hou. West Sussex, UK:Wiley-Blackwell.Search in Google Scholar

Hughes, Anne K., Amanda Toler Woodward, and Daniel Velez-Ortiz. 2014. Chronic Illness Intrusion: Role Impairment and Time out of Role in Racially and Ethnically Diverse Older Adults. The Gerontologist 54(4): 661–669.10.1093/geront/gnt041Search in Google Scholar

Jackson, Pamela Braboy. 2005. Health Inequalities Among Minority Groups. Journal of Gerontology: Series B, 60B (Special Issue II): 63–7.10.1093/geronb/60.Special_Issue_2.S63Search in Google Scholar

Jenkins, Richard. 1997. Rethinking Ethnicity: Arguments and Explorations. London, Thousand Oaks and New Delhi: SAGE Publications.Search in Google Scholar

Karlsen, Saffron, and James Y. Nazroo. 2002a. Agency and Structure: The Impact of Ethnic Identity and Racism on the Health of Ethnic Minority People. Sociology of Health & Illness 24(1): 1–20.10.1111/1467-9566.00001Search in Google Scholar

Karlsen, Saffron, and James Y. Nazroo. 2002b. Relation Between Racial Discrimination, Social Class and Health Among Ethnic Minority Groups. American Journal of Public Health 92(4): 624–31.10.2105/AJPH.92.4.624Search in Google Scholar

Koehn, Sharon. 2009. Negotiating Candidacy: Ethnic Minority Seniors’ Access to Care. Ageing & Society 29: 585–608.10.1017/S0144686X08007952Search in Google Scholar

Koehn, Sharon, Sheila Neysmith, Karen Kobayashi, and Hamish Khamisa. 2013. Revealing the Shape of Knowledge Using an Intersectional Lens: Results of a Scoping Review on the Health and Health Care of Ethnocultural Minority Older Adults. Ageing & Society 33: 437–64.10.1017/S0144686X12000013Search in Google Scholar

Kunow, Rudinger. 2016. Postcolonial Theory and Old Age: An Explorative Essay. Journal of Aging Studies 39: 101–108.10.1016/j.jaging.2016.06.004Search in Google Scholar

Lambe, Susan, Nicole Cantwell, Fareesa Islam, Kathy Horvath, and Angela L. Jefferson. 2011. Perceptions, Knowledge, Incentives and Barriers of Brain Donation Among African American Elders Enrolled in an Alzheimer’s Research Program. The Gerontologist 51(1): 28–38.10.1093/geront/gnq063Search in Google Scholar

Latham, Kenzie. 2014. Racial and Educational Disparities in Mobility Limitation Among Older Women: What is the Role of Modifiable Risk Factors. Journal of Gerontology: Series B 69(5): 772–83.10.1093/geronb/gbu028Search in Google Scholar

Liang, Jersey, Xiao Xu, Joan M.Bennett, Wen Ye, and Ana R. Quinones. 2009. Ethnicity and Changing Functional Health in Middle and Late Life: A Person-Centered Approach. Journal of Gerontology: Social Sciences 65B(4): 470–81.10.1093/geronb/gbp114Search in Google Scholar

Massey, Grace Carol, Mona V. Scott, and Sanford M. Dornbursch. 1975. Racism Without Racists: Institutional Racism in Urban Schools. Black Scholar 7: 10–19.10.1080/00064246.1975.11413782Search in Google Scholar

McAuley, William J. 1998. History, Race, and Attachment to Place Among Elders in the Rural All-Black Towns of Oklahoma. Journal of Gerontology: Social Sciences 53B(1): S35–S45.10.1093/geronb/53B.1.S35Search in Google Scholar

McGovern, Pauline, and James Y. Nazroo. 2015. Patterns and Causes of Health Inequalities in Later Life: A Bourdieusian Approach. Sociology of Health & Illness 37(1):143–60.10.1111/1467-9566.12187Search in Google Scholar

Miles, Robert. 2004. Racialization in Pp. 348–349 in Encyclopedia of Race and Ethnic Studies, edited by Ellis Cashmore. London/New York: Routledge.Search in Google Scholar

Miles, Robert. 1989. Racism. London: Routledge.Search in Google Scholar

Mills, Charles W. 1959. The Sociological Imagination, New York: Oxford University Press.10.2307/1891592Search in Google Scholar

Mills, Terry L., and Carla D. A. Edwards. 2002. A Critical Review of Research on the Mental Health Status of African-Americans. Ageing & Society 22: 273–304.10.1017/S0144686X0200867XSearch in Google Scholar

Miner, Sonia, and Stewart Tolnay. 1998. Barriers to Voluntary Organization Membership: An Examination of Race and Cohort Differences. Journal of Gerontology: Social Sciences 53B(5): S241–S248.10.1093/geronb/53B.5.S241Search in Google Scholar

Montagu, Ashley. 1997[1942]. Man’s Most Dangerous Myth: The Fallacy of Race. Walnut Creek: AltaMira Press.Search in Google Scholar

Moriarty, Jo, and Jabeer Butt. 2004. Inequalities in Quality of Life Among Older People from Different Ethnic Groups. Ageing & Society 24: 729–253.10.1017/S0144686X04002521Search in Google Scholar

Nazroo, James Y. 2003. The Structuring of Ethnic Inequalities in Health: Economic Position, Racial Discrimination, and Racism. American Journal of Public Health 93(2): 277–84.10.2105/AJPH.93.2.277Search in Google Scholar

Nazroo, James Y. 1998. Genetic, Cultural or Socio-Economic Vulnerability? Explaining Ethnic Inequalities in Health. Sociology of Health & Illness 20(5): 710–30.10.1111/1467-9566.00126Search in Google Scholar

Park, Linda S. 2015. Contextual Influences on Ethnic Identity Formation: A Case Study of Second-Generation Korean American Baby Boomers in Midlife. Journal of Cross-Cultural Gerontology, 30: 87–105.10.1007/s10823-014-9253-6Search in Google Scholar

Phillipson, Chris. 2015. Placing Ethnicity at the Centre of Studies of Later Life: Theoretical Perspectives and Empirical challenges. Ageing & Society 35: 917–34.10.1017/S0144686X14001032Search in Google Scholar

Prokos, Anastasia H., and Jennifer Reid Keene. 2012. The Life Course and Cumulative Disadvantage: Poverty Among Grandmother-Headed Families. Research on Aging 34(5): 592–621.10.1177/0164027511423383Search in Google Scholar

Rajan-Rankin, Sweta. 2018. Race, Embodiment and Later Life: Re-Imagining Aging Bodies of Color. Journal of Aging Studies 45: 32–38.10.1016/j.jaging.2018.01.005Search in Google Scholar

Sheminari, Farimah S., and Deborah L. O’Connor. 2006. Aging in a Foreign Country: Voices of Iranian Women Aging in Canada. Journal of Women & Aging 18(2): 73–90.10.1300/J074v18n02_06Search in Google Scholar

Sherkat, Dareen E., Barbara S. Kilbourne, Van A. Cain, Pamela C. Hull, Robert S. Levine, and Baqar A. Husaini. 2007. The Impact of Health Service Use on Racial Differences in Mortality Among the Elderly. Research on Aging 29(3): 207–224.10.1177/0164027506298709Search in Google Scholar

Smedley, Audrey, and Brian Smedley. 2005. Race as Biology is Fiction: Racism as a Social Problem is Real: Anthropological and Historical Perspectives on the Social Construction of Race. American Psychologist 60(1): 16–26.10.1037/0003-066X.60.1.16Search in Google Scholar

Swedberg, Richard. 2012a. Theorizing in Sociology and Social science: Turning to the Context of Discovery. Theory and Society 41: 1–40.10.1007/s11186-011-9161-5Search in Google Scholar

Swedberg, Richard. 2012b. On Charles S. Pierce’s Lecture “How to theorize” (1903)’, Sociologica 2: 1–27.Search in Google Scholar

Tait, Elizabeth M., Sarah B. Laditka, James N. Laditka, Mary A. Nies, and Elizabeth F.Racine. 2011. Praying for Health by Older Adults in the United States: Differences by Ethnicity, Gender, and Income. Journal of Religion, Spirituality & Aging 23: 338–362.10.1080/15528030.2011.588087Search in Google Scholar

Torres, Sandra. 2020. Cultural diversity and aging: ethnicity, race and minorities (page numbers not yet assigned) in The Blackwell Encyclopedia of Sociology edited by George Ritzer and Chris Rojek. John Wiley & Sons.10.1002/9781405165518.wbeosc173.pub2Search in Google Scholar

Torres, Sandra. 2019. Ethnicity and Old Age: Expanding our Imagination. Bristol: Policy Press.10.1332/policypress/9781447328117.001.0001Search in Google Scholar

Torres, Sandra. 2018. Ethnicity, Race and Care: What the Social Justice Framework Can Offer in Ageing, Diversity and Inequality: Social justice Perspectives, edited by Sue Westwood. Routledge.Search in Google Scholar

Torres, Sandra. 2015a. Ethnicity, Culture and Migration. Pp. 277–284 in Handbook of Cultural Gerontology, edited by Julia Twigg, and Wendy Martin. Routledge.Search in Google Scholar

Torres, Sandra. 2015b. Expanding the Gerontological Imagination on Ethnicity: Conceptual and Theoretical Perspectives. Ageing & Society 35(5): 935–60.10.1017/S0144686X14001330Search in Google Scholar

Torres, Sandra. 2013. Transnationalism and the Study of Aging and Old Age. Pp. 263–281 in Aging in European societies, edited by Constantinos Phellas. New York: Springer.10.1007/978-1-4419-8345-9_18Search in Google Scholar

Torres, Sandra. 2009. The Age of Migration: What Does It Mean and Why Should European Social Care? Retraite et Societé (Best of selection 2008): 67–90.Search in Google Scholar

Torres, Sandra. 2006. Culture, Migration, Inequality and ‘Periphery’ in a Globalized World: Challenges for the Study of Ethno- and Anthropo-gerontology. Pp. 231–244 in Aging, Globalization and Inequality: The New Critical Gerontology, edited by Jan Baars, Dale Dannefer, Chris Phillipson, and Alan Walker (eds) Amityville, NY: Baywood Publishing Company.Search in Google Scholar

Torres, Sandra, and Ute Karl. 2016. A Migration Lens on Inquiries into Aging, Old Age, Elderly Care: Carving a Space While Assessing the State of Affairs. Pp. 1–12 in Aging in Contexts of Migration, edited by Ute Karl, and Sandra Torres. Abingdon, Oxon/New York: Routledge.10.4324/9781315817606-1Search in Google Scholar

Tsunokai, Glenn T., and Allison R. McGrath. 2011. Baby Boomers and Beyond: Crossing Racial Boundaries in Search for Love. Journal of Aging Studies 25: 285–94.10.1016/j.jaging.2010.10.002Search in Google Scholar

Victor, Christina R., Vanessa Burnholt, and Wendy Martin. 2012. Loneliness and Ethnic Minority Elders in Great Britain: An Exploratory Study. Journal of Cross-Cultural Gerontology 27: 65–78.10.1007/s10823-012-9161-6Search in Google Scholar

Warnes, Anthony M., Klaus Friedrich, Leonie Kellaher, and Sandra Torres. 2004. The Diversity and Welfare of Older Migrants in Europe. Ageing & Society 24(3): 307–26.10.1017/S0144686X04002296Search in Google Scholar

White-Means, Shelley I. 2000. Racial Patterns in Disabled Elderly Persons’ Use of Medical Services. Journal of Gerontology: Social Sciences 55B(2): S76–S89.10.1093/geronb/55.2.S76Search in Google Scholar

Williams, David R. 2005. The Health of US Racial and Ethnic Populations. Journal of Gerontology: Series B, 60B (Special Issue II): 53–62.10.1093/geronb/60.Special_Issue_2.S53Search in Google Scholar

Wray, Sharon. 2007. Women Making Sense of Midlife: Ethnic and Cultural Diversity. Journal of Aging Studies 21: 31–42.10.1016/j.jaging.2006.03.001Search in Google Scholar

Zadhone, Laura B., Oahn L. Meyer, Eunhee Choi, Michael L. Thomas, Sherrey L. Willis, Michael Marsiske, Alden L. Gross, George W. Rebok, and Jeanine M. Parisi. 2015. External Locus of Control Contributes to Racial Disparities in Memory and Reasoning Training Gains in ACTIVE. Psychology and Aging 30(3): 561–572.10.1037/pag0000042Search in Google Scholar