| (14) | Can telemedicine shorten the time from diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction to the necessary treatment? | 200 emergency physicians, who were sending their ECG records via telecommunication networks to 22 cardiologists | They divided the time from the moment of experiencing chest pain until reperfusion of the myocardium with the help of PCI in three groups: from the beginning of the pain to the decision to seek medical help; from the moment of this decision to actually visiting a physician and finally from the visit to the PCI | The time from the actual visit at physician’s office to the PCI can be significantly reduced with the help of this technology and 74% of patients were not in need of further treatment. | | | * |
| (15) | Can telemedicine shorten the time needed from visit to FP to cardiologist in the case of acute myocardial infarction? | 3259 patients, who were divided into an intervention and a control group | Participants in the intervention group were referred to a cardiologist right after the emergency physician carried out the ECG recording. In the control group they had a chance of teleconsultation with a cardiologist | 58% in the intervention group were referred to a cardiologist, in the control group they treated 90% of patients by themselves without having to refer them to specialists. | * | | |
| (16) | Can telecardiology reduce the effect of the patient being distant from the hospital with a Cath Lab? | 13 ambulances and their patients with suspicion of acute myocardial infarction. | Ambulances were equipped with an ECG recording device that was sending the records directly to a cardiologist via telephone lines. | At first, they treated 11% of patients with STEMI and after a period of time, the number went up to 73%. | | * | |
| (17) | Is the ECG sensor more user friendly in comparison to the standard Holter monitor? | 47 patients | Personal Health Monitor sensor versus Holter monitoring | 21 of 47 patients already had carried a Holter monitor in their past and they answered that (89.3%) the sensor is handier, and its use is simpler (90.5%). | | * | |
| (18) | Can telecardiology reduce the mortality of patients with acute myocardial infarction? | 594 patients with STEMI after PCI | After calling the emergency service, the patients were divided into two groups. One group followed the common protocol of treating a patient with STEMI, while the other 167 patients were treated using the ECG algorithm to establish acute myocardial infarction. | The patients who were treated with the help of ECG algorithm, got treatment earlier and this reduced their mortality by 62% in comparison to the control group. | | * | |
| (19) | Can iphone ECG screening by nurses help find more incident AF? | 88 patients (age 74.8±8.8 years) | AliveCor Kardio monitor attached to a WiFi-enabled iPhone used for routine scanning for AF | 19% had AF | | * | |
| (20) | Is telemedicine cost effective? | 109,750 ECG records | Paramedics had a 12-lead ECG, this ECG report would be sent via mobile phone to a telemedical center, where the cardiologist could see the record. | They compared the costs of the teleconsultation with those of receiving the patient at the hospital and then transferring them to PCI. They found out that the final price for treating one patient can vary from EUR 8.10 to EUR 38.4 for one treatment. The treatment provided with telemedicine was cheaper. | * | | |
| (21) | Can telemedicine detect arrhythmia in patients with palpitation? | 12 FP and cardiologists, 184 patients (age 57.5±14.4 years) | FP sent ECGs twice per day in case of palpitations | 61.4% of the patients did not have any HRDs. In 14.7% it was paroxysmal AF and in 6.5% ventricular tachycardia. In 88.7% their FP changed their pharmacotherapy, while 26.8% were referred to a psychotherapist. | * | | |
| (22) | Is screening using an AliveCor Kardio monitor attached to a Wi-Fi-enabled iPod more likely to identify incident AF? | 1001 patients divided into two groups (age 72.6±5.4 years) | AliveCor Kardio monitor attached to a Wi-Fi-enabled iPod versus 12-lead ECG in patients with AF | 19 patients were diagnosed with AF versus 5 in the control group | | * | |
| (23) | Is Cardiio Rhythm Mobile Application accurate for AF detection? | 98 patients (age 67±10 years) | Cardiio Rhythm Mobile Application versus 12-lead ECG in patients with AF | The application correctly identified 93.1% of AF | | * | |
| (24) | Can Kardia Band accurately differentiate sinus rhythm from AF compared to a standard ECG report? | 100 patients (age 69±11 years), 169 simultaneous ECG and Kardia band reports | Kardia band with Apple Watch versus 12-lead ECG in patients with AF | The device showed 93% sensitivity and 84% specific in accurately differentiate AF from sinus rhythm | | * | |
| (25) | By following guidelines for treating syncope or collapse, what kind of monitoring would doctors use? | 177 physicians, ED: 33 UK, 40 Germany; cardiology: 54 UK, 50 Germany; | A qualitative survey | 20% ED from the UK and 31% from Germany choose a diagnostic ambulatory ECG monitoring rather than Holter monitoring when dealing with patients having daily symptoms; but when treating patients for infrequent events (less then 1 per month) 15–30% of them chose Holter monitoring and only 50% selected an insertable cardiac monitor. For cardiologists 6% from the UK and 10% from Germany did not choose Holter for daily symptoms but for infrequent symptoms and 80% would select an insertable cardiac monitor | | | * |
| (26) | By following guidelines for treating syncope or collapse, what kind of monitoring would doctors use? | 199 physicians: 35 emergency doctors, 35 primary care, 30 hospitalists, 30 neurologists, 69 cardiologists | A qualitative survey | 25% chose an ambulatory electrocardiogram monitoring rather than Holter for daily events, but for less frequent events 12–18% would choose a Holter, 20–34% a conventional or a mobile cardiac telemetry system and 53–65% an insertable cardiac monitor | | | * |
