The Positive impact of Greenery on the Mental and Physical Health of the Elderly: A Case Study in the Design of a Hospital Garden

The positive effects of greenery on human health have been studied for centuries. Knowledge and application of these benefits can be used in hospitals and retirement homes. Residents of these facilities are often mentally or physically disabled; hence creating a suitable exterior area in accordance with the scientific findings of the health benefits of greenery could improve the mental and physical states of the elderly and improve overall living conditions. Nature has calming effects and soothes our minds by driving away attention from the stressful problems of everyday life. Green colour, sounds of birds, water, and leaves decrease levels of stress and contribute to mental well-being. Free access to nature or gardens decreases the bad tempers of the elderly and improves memory and the overall state of patients with dementia. It reduces anxiety and stress, which are precursors for cardiovascular diseases. It helps prevent fall-related injuries and improves mobility and cognitive function. Consequently, contact with nature improves the quality of life, decreases the need for taking medicine, and could prolong life expectancy. As a case study, we present a design of the revitalisation of a hospital garden for the elderly in Bratislava city district of Podunajské Biskupice. It puts the knowledge of these benefits and the needs of various types of patients to practice, so that the garden could be used as an effective healing tool and as a calming area for patients as well as the staff and visitors.