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A Comparative Evaluation of Oral Clonidine, Dexmedetomidine, and Melatonin as Premedicants in Pediatric Patients Undergoing Subumbilical Surgeries

Syed T Ali
Syed T Ali
, 
Veena Asthana
Veena Asthana
, 
Divya Gupta
Divya Gupta
 oraz 
Santosh K Singh
Santosh K Singh
   | 10 sie 2020
Romanian Journal of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care's Cover Image
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Article Category: Research Article
Data publikacji: 10 sie 2020
Zakres stron: 35 - 42
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/rjaic-2020-0006
Słowa kluczowe
© 2020 Syed T Ali et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Figure 1

CONSORT Flow Diagram
CONSORT Flow Diagram

Figure 2

Heart rate at different time intervals among the groups
Heart rate at different time intervals among the groups

Figure 3

Mean blood pressure at different time intervals
Mean blood pressure at different time intervals

Figure 4

Objective Pain Scale in postoperative period. (OPS scale parameters- arterial pressure, tears, movements, behaviour, verbal or bodily expression, each has score 0,1,2. OPS score is sum of scores of all 5 parameters. Arterial pressure, 0: 10% increase from preoperative value, 1:>20% of preoperative value, 2: >30-% of preoperative value. Tears 0: absent, 1: present but consolable, 2: present and unconsolable. Movements 0: absent, 1: moderate agitation, 2: intense agitation. Behaviour 0: calm/sleeping, 1: grimacing but can be calmed, 2: frightened cannot be calmed. Verbal or bodily expression 0: calm/sleeping, 1: moderate no localised pain, 2: localised pain expressed verbally or by pointing fingers)
Objective Pain Scale in postoperative period. (OPS scale parameters- arterial pressure, tears, movements, behaviour, verbal or bodily expression, each has score 0,1,2. OPS score is sum of scores of all 5 parameters. Arterial pressure, 0: 10% increase from preoperative value, 1:>20% of preoperative value, 2: >30-% of preoperative value. Tears 0: absent, 1: present but consolable, 2: present and unconsolable. Movements 0: absent, 1: moderate agitation, 2: intense agitation. Behaviour 0: calm/sleeping, 1: grimacing but can be calmed, 2: frightened cannot be calmed. Verbal or bodily expression 0: calm/sleeping, 1: moderate no localised pain, 2: localised pain expressed verbally or by pointing fingers)

Child parent separation score (CPSS) among groups

CPSS GradeGroup C (n=35)Group D (n=35)Group M (n=35)
1-patient unafraid, cooperative and asleep15(42.9%)13(37.1%)10(28.6%)
2- slight fear or crying, quiet with reassurance13(37.1%)21(60%)17(48.6%)
3- moderate fear, crying, not quiet with reassurance3(8.6%)1(2.9%)5(14.3%)
4crying, need restraint4(11.4%)0(0.0%)3(3.8%)

Demographic profile and surgery variables

Group C (n=35)Group D (n=35)Group M (n=35)P valve
Age in years (Mean ± SD)4.08 ±1.744.23±1.764.06±1.500.89#
Gender(M:F)29:630:532:30.56*
ASA I:II31:432:330:50.75*
Weight(kg) (Mean ± SD)16.11 ± 6.6716.50 ± 6.7115.02 ± 4.850.58#
Type of Surgery
Inguinal hernia151421
Hypospadiasis121314
Anal warts100
Undescended testes220
Subumbilical lump100
Urethral stricture010
Syndactyl digit100
Hydrocele210
#/lipoma thigh110
Facitis thigh010
phimosis020
DoA(min) Mean ± SD)97.42± 33.52107.85± 42.9895.80± 35.600.35#
DoS(min) (Mean ± SD)80.71± 30.6590.00± 41.0876.71± 31.590.26#

Dosage of Propofol

Group C (n=35)Group D (n=35)Group M (n=35)P valve
dose of Propofol (mg) (Mean ±SD)54.28 ± 19.1055.85 ± 20.6655.57 ± 18.580.93#
Pain on Injection2240.58*

Paediatric Anaesthesia Behaviour Score (PABS) among group

PABSGroup C (n=35)Group D (n=35)Group M (n=35)
1: Calm, controlled, compliant with induction182410
2: tearful, withdrawn but compliant with induction141120
3: loud vocal resistance/physical resistance to induction, requires physical restraint305
eISSN:
2502-0307
Język:
Angielski
Częstotliwość wydawania:
2 razy w roku
Dziedziny czasopisma:
Medicine, Clinical Medicine, other, Surgery, Anaesthesiology, Emergency Medicine and Intensive-Care Medicine
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