<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

<sec><h3>Background</h3>
<p>Sarcopenic obesity is a relatively new term. It is a clinical condition characterized by sarcopenia (loss of muscle mass and function) and obesity (increase in fat mass) that mainly affects older adults. As the incidence of sarcopenia and obesity increases worldwide, sarcopenic obesity is becoming a greater problem also in cancer patients. In fact, sarcopenic obesity is associated with poorer treatment outcomes, longer hospital stays, physical disability, and shorter survival in several cancers. Oxidative stress, lipotoxicity, and systemic inflammation, as well as altered expression of skeletal muscle anti-inflammatory myokines in sarcopenic obesity, are also associated with carcinogenesis.</p>
</sec>
<sec><h3>Conclusions</h3>
<p>Reported prevalence of sarcopenic obesity in cancer varies because of heterogeneity in definitions and variability in diagnostic criteria used to estimate the prevalence of sarcopenia and obesity. Therefore, the aim of this review is to describe the definitions, prevalence, and diagnostic criteria as well as the mechanisms that cancer has in common with sarcopenic obesity.</p>
</sec>
</abstract>

Background
Sarcopenic obesity is a relatively new term. It is a clinical condition characterized by sarcopenia (loss of muscle mass and function) and obesity (increase in fat mass) that mainly affects older adults. As the incidence of sarcopenia and obesity increases worldwide, sarcopenic obesity is becoming a greater problem also in cancer patients. In fact, sarcopenic obesity is associated with poorer treatment outcomes, longer hospital stays, physical disability, and shorter survival in several cancers. Oxidative stress, lipotoxicity, and systemic inflammation, as well as altered expression of skeletal muscle anti-inflammatory myokines in sarcopenic obesity, are also associated with carcinogenesis.

Conclusions
Reported prevalence of sarcopenic obesity in cancer varies because of heterogeneity in definitions and variability in diagnostic criteria used to estimate the prevalence of sarcopenia and obesity. Therefore, the aim of this review is to describe the definitions, prevalence, and diagnostic criteria as well as the mechanisms that cancer has in common with sarcopenic obesity.

Sarcopenic obesity in cancer

Radiology and Oncology

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

{"article-title":"Sarcopenic obesity in cancer"}

Background
Sarcopenic obesity is a relatively new term. It is a clinical condition characterized by sarcopenia (loss of muscle mass and function) and obesity...

SCREENING	DIAGNOSIS	STAGES
High BMI and WC (based on ethnic cut-points)	Altered skeletal muscle strength (HGS, chair stand test)	STAGE 1: Without complications
Surrogate markers of sarcopenia: (clinical symptoms or validated questionaries’ e.g. SARC-F)	Altered body composition (increased FM, decrease MM)	STAGE 2: One or more complications attributable to sarcopenic obesity

Sarcopenic obesity in cancer

Article Category: Review

Data publikacji: 21 lut 2024

Zakres stron: 1 - 8

Otrzymano: 02 lis 2023

Przyjęty: 04 gru 2023

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/raon-2024-0011

Słowa kluczowe
sarcopenia, obesity, cancer, inflammation

© 2024 Mihaela Jurdana et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

FIGURE 1.

Selected criteria to identify sarcopenic obesity. Altered skeletal muscle function parameters considering muscle strength and physical performance and altered body composition parameters should be present to assess sarcopenic obesity

Sarcopenic obesity in cancer

Article Category: Review

Data publikacji: 21 lut 2024

Zakres stron: 1 - 8

Otrzymano: 02 lis 2023

Przyjęty: 04 gru 2023

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/raon-2024-0011

Słowa kluczowesarcopenia, obesity, cancer, inflammation

© 2024 Mihaela Jurdana et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

FIGURE 1.

Selected criteria to identify sarcopenic obesity. Altered skeletal muscle function parameters considering muscle strength and physical performance and altered body composition parameters should be present to assess sarcopenic obesity

Słowa kluczowe
sarcopenia, obesity, cancer, inflammation