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Current and innovative approaches in the treatment of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer: the role of transurethral resection of bladder tumor and organoids

Milena Taskovska
Milena Taskovska
, 
Mateja Erdani Kreft
Mateja Erdani Kreft
 oraz 
Tomaz Smrkolj
Tomaz Smrkolj
   | 02 maj 2020
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Article Category: Review
Data publikacji: 02 maj 2020
Zakres stron: 135 - 143
Otrzymano: 19 sty 2020
Przyjęty: 30 sty 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/raon-2020-0025
© 2020 Milena Taskovska, Mateja Erdani Kreft, Tomaz Smrkolj, published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Figure 1

Classification of bladder cancer.MIBC = Muscle invasive bladder cancer; NMIBC = Non muscle invasive bladder cancer
Classification of bladder cancer.MIBC = Muscle invasive bladder cancer; NMIBC = Non muscle invasive bladder cancer

Figure 2

Monopolar vs. bipolar transurethral resection of bladder tumor.
Monopolar vs. bipolar transurethral resection of bladder tumor.

Figure 3

Shematic presentation of bladder organoid preparation.Sample of bladder wall (healty and /tumorous) is taken with transurethral resection of bladder tumour. The cells are cultivated under special conditions in laboratory to form organoids. Organoids are used for studying the characteristics of normal and tumorous bladder wall, pathogenesis, response to different treatment approaches. This is step toward personalized treatment of bladder cancer.
Shematic presentation of bladder organoid preparation.Sample of bladder wall (healty and /tumorous) is taken with transurethral resection of bladder tumour. The cells are cultivated under special conditions in laboratory to form organoids. Organoids are used for studying the characteristics of normal and tumorous bladder wall, pathogenesis, response to different treatment approaches. This is step toward personalized treatment of bladder cancer.

Comparison of monopolar and bipolar current for TURB1.9-14

VariableMonopolarBipolar
Dispersive electrode padyesno
Energyhighlow
Voltagehighlow
Working mediumglycinesaline
Temperature at thermal effect (°C)40040–70
Time of resectionlimited(not extended strictly limited)
TUR syndromecommonrare
Obturator jerkcommonrare
Quality of haemostasis and coagulumpoorgood

2017 TNM classification of urinary bladder cancer 5

T - primary tumour
TX Primary tumour cannot be assessed
T0 No evidence of primary tumour
Ta Non-invasive papillary carcinoma
Tis Carcinoma in situ: ‘flat tumour’
T1 Tumour invades subepithelial connective tissue
T2 Tumour invades muscle
T2a Tumour invades superficial muscle (inner half)
T2b Tumour invades deep muscle (outer half)
T3 Tumour invades perivesical tissue
T3a Microscopically
T3b Macroscopically (extravesical mass)
T4 Tumour invades any of the following: prostate stroma, seminal vesicles, uterus, vagina, pelvic wall, abdominal wall
T4a Tumour invades prostate stroma, seminal vesicles, uterus or vagina
T4b Tumour invades pelvic wall or abdominal wall
N - regional lymph nodes
NX Regional lymph nodes cannot be assessed
N0 No regional lymph node metastasis
N1 Metastasis in a single lymph node in the true pelvis (hypogastric, obturator, external iliac, or presacral)
N2 Metastasis in multiple regional lymph nodes in the true pelvis (hypogastric, obturator, external iliac, or presacral)
N3 Metastasis in common iliac lymph node(s)
M - distant metastasis
M0 No distant metastasis
M1a Non-regional lymph nodes
M1b Other distant metastases
eISSN:
1581-3207
Język:
Angielski
Częstotliwość wydawania:
4 razy w roku
Dziedziny czasopisma:
Medicine, Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, Haematology, Oncology, Radiology
Kanał RSS czasopisma