Spatiotemporal visibility characteristics impacted by forest and land fire over airports in sumatera and borneo Island, Indonesia
, oraz
10 wrz 2019
O artykule
Data publikacji: 10 wrz 2019
Zakres stron: 5 - 16
Otrzymano: 08 mar 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/quageo-2019-0024
Słowa kluczowe
© 2019 Heri Ismanto, Hartono Hartono, Muh Aris Marfai, published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.
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Visibility below minima criteria for VFR and IFR (Glahn et al_ 2015_, Rudack, Ghirardelli 2010, FAA 2009, DGCA 2015)_
| Class | Flight Rule | Minimum Visibility Condition | Scale |
|---|---|---|---|
| H1 | VFR (Visual Flight Rule) | More than 4.8 km (>3 SM) | 1 |
| H2 | SVFR (Special Visual Flight Rule) | 3.2–4.8 km (2–3 SM) | 2 |
| H3 | IFR (Instrument Flight Rule I) | 1.6–3.2 km (1–2 SM) | 3 |
| H4 | LIFR (instrument Flight Rule II) | Less than 1600 m (< 1 SM) | 4 |
Visibility Class Frequency at very high VSI (Sources: data analysis and Indonesian aerodrome/airport chart legend (INDOAVIS 2013))_
| Airport Code (ICAO 4 Letter) | Airport Name | Month (2015) | Frequency (Class) | Flight Operation | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| H1 | H2 | H3 | H4 | ||||
| WIJJ | Sultan Thaha Jambi | October | 0.28 | 3.55 | 12.50 | 77.13 | IFR & VFR |
| WIBB | Sultan Syarif Kasim IIPekanbaru | September | 0.99 | 0.99 | 10.73 | 71.26 | IFR & VFR |
| WAGG | TjilikRiwutPalangkaraya | October | 0.29 | 1.08 | 10.71 | 79.86 | IFR & VFR |
| WIOS | SusiloSintang | September | 0.31 | 1.23 | 20.00 | 70.77 | VFR |
Probability of occurrence (State-Argentina 2016)_
| Probability | Explanation | Prob (Scale) |
|---|---|---|
| Frequent | occurred frequently, probability more than 0.7 | 5 |
| Occasional | occurred infrequently, probability is 0.5 s/d 0.7 | 4 |
| Remote | occurred rarely), probability is 0.1 s/d 0.5 | 3 |
| Improbable | not known to have occurred, probability 0.01 s/d 0.1 | 2 |
| Extremely improbable | Impossible to occur, probability less than 0.01 | 1 |