The rapid development of nanotechnologies has raised great interest in the use of engineered nanoparticles (NPs) and their release in the environment. The interaction between nanoparticles and crops is currently a topical problem, as nanoparticles are capable to enter the soil, plant cells and to translocate in plants. MicroRNA (miRNA) is an endogenous small RNA with a significant regulatory role in plants, cleaving or repressing the translation of a particular mRNA in response to multiple biotic and abiotic factors. In this work, the expression of miR159c in