Aims: To carry out a comprehensive retrospective assessment of the prevalence, features and course of treatment of patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and diabetes mellitus (DM).
Materials and Methods: Our study is based on a retrospective analysis of statistical data obtained from 762 current and former MDR-TB patients (74% of patients with resistance only to first-line drugs – isoniazid (H) and rifampin (R); 36% with resistance to H, R and second-line drugs) included in the register of tuberculosis (TB) patients from different regions of Ukraine and the Grodno region of the Republic of Belarus between 2015 and 2019.
Results and Discussion: In both groups of the study recurrent TB prevailed: 49 cases (55.7%) of relapse TB compared to 39 cases (44.3%) of primary TB in the main group; 363 cases (53.9%) of relapse TB compared to 311 (46.1%) primary TB in the control group (P < 0.05). The rate of successful treatment in the control group is higher than in the main group (64.7% vs. 61.4%; P < 0.05). A significant difference between the two groups was observed owing to the difference in frequency of treatment, which in the main group has recorded 27.3%, as against 40.3% in the control group (almost two times lower; P < 0.05).
Conclusions: The association between TB and DM increases the morbidity, chemoresistance and proportion of recurrences. Pulmonary TB developed significantly more often in middle-aged patients with type 2 DM with moderate and severe states, with subcompensated form and with a complicated course.
