A unique World War II battlefield artifact fused to a beach deposit

Baxter, I. (2025). The east Pomeranian offensive, 1945: Destruction of German forces in Pomerania and West Prussia. Casemate Publishers. ISBN 978-1-63624-388-387. BaxterI. 2025 The east Pomeranian offensive, 1945: Destruction of German forces in Pomerania and West Prussia Casemate Publishers ISBN 978-1-63624-388-387. Search in Google Scholar

Benvenuto, M. A. (2016). Metals and alloys: industrial applications. Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. BenvenutoM. A. 2016 Metals and alloys: industrial applications Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG Search in Google Scholar

Davies, A. C. (1993). The science and practice of welding (Vol. 1). Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 9780521435659. DaviesA. C. 1993 The science and practice of welding 1 Cambridge University Press ISBN: 9780521435659. Search in Google Scholar

Emery, K. O., Tracey, J. I. J., & Ladd, H. S. A. (1954). Geology of Bikini and nearby atolls. U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper, 260(260A), 265. https://doi.org/10.3133/pp260A EmeryK. O. TraceyJ. I. J. LaddH. S. A. 1954 Geology of Bikini and nearby atolls U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 260 260A 265 https://doi.org/10.3133/pp260A Search in Google Scholar

Fernandino, G., Elliff, C. I., Francischini, H., & Dentzien-Dias, P. (2020). Anthropoquinas: First description of plastics and other man-made materials in recently formed coastal sedimentary rocks in the southern hemisphere. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 154, 111044. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111044 FernandinoG. ElliffC. I. FrancischiniH. Dentzien-DiasP. 2020 Anthropoquinas: First description of plastics and other man-made materials in recently formed coastal sedimentary rocks in the southern hemisphere Marine Pollution Bulletin 154 111044 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111044 Search in Google Scholar

Gashi, B., Edwards, M. R., Sermon, P. A., Courtney, L., Harrison, D., & Xu, Y. (2010). Measurement of 9 mm cartridge case external temperatures and its forensic application. Forensic Science International, 200(1–3), 21–27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2010.03.018 GashiB. EdwardsM. R. SermonP. A. CourtneyL. HarrisonD. XuY. 2010 Measurement of 9 mm cartridge case external temperatures and its forensic application Forensic Science International 200 1–3 21 27 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2010.03.018 Search in Google Scholar

Gestoso, I., Cacabelos, E., Ramalhosa, P., & Canning-Clode, J. (2019). Plasticrusts: A new potential threat in the Anthropocene’s rocky shores. Science of the Total Environment, 687, 413–415. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.06.123 GestosoI. CacabelosE. RamalhosaP. Canning-ClodeJ. 2019 Plasticrusts: A new potential threat in the Anthropocene’s rocky shores Science of the Total Environment 687 413 415 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.06.123 Search in Google Scholar

Kim, I. L. (2000). Battlefield flame/thermal threats or hazards and thermal performance criteria. Natick Technical Report/TR-00/015L. US Army Soldier and Biological Chemical Command, Soldier Systems Center, Natick, MA KimI. L. 2000 Battlefield flame/thermal threats or hazards and thermal performance criteria Natick Technical Report/TR-00/015L. US Army Soldier and Biological Chemical Command, Soldier Systems Center Natick, MA Search in Google Scholar

Kobalczyk, P. (2011). Sappers will examine the beach in Kołobrzeg on Monday (in Polish). Rzeczpospolita. https://www.rp.pl/sluzby/art14657051-saperzy-w-poniedzialek-zbadaja-plaze-w-kolobrzegu KobalczykP. 2011 Sappers will examine the beach in Kołobrzeg on Monday (in Polish) Rzeczpospolita https://www.rp.pl/sluzby/art14657051-saperzy-w-poniedzialek-zbadaja-plaze-w-kolobrzegu Search in Google Scholar

Łabuz, T. A. (2015). Environmental impacts—coastal erosion and coastline changes. In The BACC II Author Team (Ed.), Second assessment of climate change for the Baltic Sea Basin. Regional climate studies (pp. 381–396). Springer. ŁabuzT. A. 2015 Environmental impacts—coastal erosion and coastline changes In The BACC II Author Team (Ed.), Second assessment of climate change for the Baltic Sea Basin. Regional climate studies 381 396 Springer Search in Google Scholar

Łabuz, T. A. (2021). Litter sources on the Polish Baltic shore–effect of increased anthropogenic pollution. Studia Quaternaria, 38(2), 85–100. https://doi.org/10.24425/sq.2021.136825 ŁabuzT. A. 2021 Litter sources on the Polish Baltic shore–effect of increased anthropogenic pollution Studia Quaternaria 38 2 85 100 https://doi.org/10.24425/sq.2021.136825 Search in Google Scholar

Martewicz, J., Kalińska, E., & Weckwerth, P. (2022). What hides in the beach sand? A multiproxy approach and new textural code to recognition of beach evolution on the southern and eastern Baltic Sea coast. Sedimentary Geology, 435, 106154. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sedgeo.2022.106154 MartewiczJ. KalińskaE. WeckwerthP. 2022 What hides in the beach sand? A multiproxy approach and new textural code to recognition of beach evolution on the southern and eastern Baltic Sea coast Sedimentary Geology 435 106154 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sedgeo.2022.106154 Search in Google Scholar

Mikulski, S. Z., Kramarska, R., & Zieliński, G. (2016). Rare earth elements pilot studies of the Baltic marine sands enriched in heavy minerals. Gospodarka Surowcami Mineralnymi, 32(4), 5–27. https://doi.org/10.1515/gospo-2016-0036 MikulskiS. Z. KramarskaR. ZielińskiG. 2016 Rare earth elements pilot studies of the Baltic marine sands enriched in heavy minerals Gospodarka Surowcami Mineralnymi 32 4 5 27 https://doi.org/10.1515/gospo-2016-0036 Search in Google Scholar

Molski, B. A., & Pająk, J. (1985). Explosive remnants of World War II in Poland. In A. H. Westing (Ed.), Explosive remnants of war: Mitigating the environmental effects (pp. 17–32). Taylor & Francis. ISBN 0-85066-303-302. MolskiB. A. PająkJ. 1985 Explosive remnants of World War II in Poland In WestingA. H. (Ed.), Explosive remnants of war: Mitigating the environmental effects 17 32 Taylor & Francis ISBN 0-85066-303-302. Search in Google Scholar

Petrie, C. V., Meieran, E. S., Rolph, J. E., & Cork, D. L. (Eds.). (2008). Ballistic imaging. National Academies Press. PetrieC. V. MeieranE. S. RolphJ. E. CorkD. L. (Eds.). 2008 Ballistic imaging National Academies Press Search in Google Scholar

Santos, F. A., Rebelo, G., Ferreira, C., Fernandino, G., Giannini, P., Angulo, R., Souza, M., Ferreira, M., & Oliveira, A. (2022). Plastic debris forms: Rock analogues emerging from marine pollution. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 182, 114031. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.114031 SantosF. A. RebeloG. FerreiraC. FernandinoG. GianniniP. AnguloR. SouzaM. FerreiraM. OliveiraA. 2022 Plastic debris forms: Rock analogues emerging from marine pollution Marine Pollution Bulletin 182 114031 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.114031 Search in Google Scholar

Seul, C., Bednarek, R., Kozłowski, T., & Maciąg, Ł. (2020). Beach gravels as a potential lithostatistical indicator of marine coastal dynamics: The Pogorzelica–Dziwnów (Western Pomerania, Baltic Sea, Poland) case study. Geosciences, 10(9), 367. https://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences10090367 SeulC. BednarekR. KozłowskiT. MaciągŁ. 2020 Beach gravels as a potential lithostatistical indicator of marine coastal dynamics: The Pogorzelica–Dziwnów (Western Pomerania, Baltic Sea, Poland) case study Geosciences 10 9 367 https://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences10090367 Search in Google Scholar

Szarejko, A., & Namieśnik, J. (2009). The Baltic Sea as a dumping site of chemical munitions and chemical warfare agents. Chemical Ecology, 25(1), 13–26. https://doi.org/10.1080/02757540802657177 SzarejkoA. NamieśnikJ. 2009 The Baltic Sea as a dumping site of chemical munitions and chemical warfare agents Chemical Ecology 25 1 13 26 https://doi.org/10.1080/02757540802657177 Search in Google Scholar

Turner, A., Wallerstein, C., Arnold, R., & Webb, D. (2019). Marine pollution from pyroplastics. Science of the Total Environment, 694, 133610. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.133610 TurnerA. WallersteinC. ArnoldR. WebbD. 2019 Marine pollution from pyroplastics Science of the Total Environment 694 133610 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.133610 Search in Google Scholar

Uścinowicz, S. (1999). Southern Baltic area during the last deglaciation. Kwartalnik Geologiczny, 43(2), 137–148. UścinowiczS. 1999 Southern Baltic area during the last deglaciation Kwartalnik Geologiczny 43 2 137 148 Search in Google Scholar

Vousdoukas, M. I., Velegrakis, A. F., & Plomaritis, T. A. (2007). Beachrock occurrence, characteristics, formation mechanisms and impacts. Earth-Science Reviews, 85(1–2), 23–46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2007.07.002 VousdoukasM. I. VelegrakisA. F. PlomaritisT. A. 2007 Beachrock occurrence, characteristics, formation mechanisms and impacts Earth-Science Reviews 85 1–2 23 46 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2007.07.002 Search in Google Scholar

Wallace, J. S. (2018). Chemical analysis of firearms, ammunition, and gunshot residue (2nd ed.). CRC Press. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315153254. WallaceJ. S. 2018 Chemical analysis of firearms, ammunition, and gunshot residue 2nd ed. CRC Press https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315153254. Search in Google Scholar

Wang, L., & Hou, D. (2023). Plastistone: An emerging type of sedimentary rock. Earth-Science Reviews, 247, 104620. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2023.104620 WangL. HouD. 2023 Plastistone: An emerging type of sedimentary rock Earth-Science Reviews 247 104620 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2023.104620 Search in Google Scholar

Wolski, T., & Wiśniewski, B. (2012). Changes of maximum sea levels at selected gauge stations on the Polish and Swedish Baltic coast. Studia i Prace WNEiZ, 29, 209–227. WolskiT. WiśniewskiB. 2012 Changes of maximum sea levels at selected gauge stations on the Polish and Swedish Baltic coast Studia i Prace WNEiZ 29 209 227 Search in Google Scholar

Zdziech, M. (2009). Kołobrzeska epopea’45. Wiedza Obronna (Knowledge of Defence), 1, 96–110. (in Polish). ZdziechM. 2009 Kołobrzeska epopea’45 Wiedza Obronna (Knowledge of Defence) 1 96 110 (in Polish). Search in Google Scholar