Genetically modified plant–derived feed materials: results of official monitoring in Poland

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Descriptions and types of targets for qualitative real-time PCR methods prescribed by the European Union Reference Laboratory for Genetically Modified Feed and Food (EURL GMFF) and used in official Polish monitoring of GM plant material in animal feed

Target type		Detection target	Target description	EURL GMFF unique identifier
Element		nptII	Neomycin phosphotransferase II	QL-ELE-00-002
		CaMV p35S	Cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter	QL-ELE-00-012
		t-NOS terminator	Cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter; nopaline synthase terminator	QL-ELE-00-013
		bar	phosphinothricin N-acetyl transferase from Streptomyces hygroscopicus	QL-ELE-00-014
		pFMV promoter	Figwort mosaic virus 35S promoter	QL-ELE-00-015
		pat	phosphinothricin N-acetyl transferase from Streptomyces viridochromogenes	QL-ELE-00-021
Construct		CTP2-CP4-EPSPS	Chloroplast transit peptide 2 and 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase from Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain CP4	QL-CON-00-008
	Soybean	MON 87705	With glyphosate herbicide tolerance and improved fatty acid profile	QT-EVE-GM-003
		A2704-12	With phosphinothricin herbicide tolerance	QT-EVE-GM-004
		MON 40-3-2	With glyphosate herbicide tolerance	QT-EVE-GM-005
		MON 89788	With glyphosate herbicide tolerance	QT-EVE-GM-006
		MON 87701	With lepidopteran soybean pest resistance	QT-EVE-GM-010
		BPS-CV127-9	With imidazolinone herbicide tolerance	QT-EVE-GM-011
		Bt176	With lepidopteran soybean pest resistance, phosphinothricin herbicide tolerance and ampicillin resistance marker	QT-CON-00-007
	Maize	5307	With coleopteran maize pest resistance and mannose utilisation marker	QT-EVE-ZM-002
		NK603	With glyphosate herbicide tolerance	QT-EVE-ZM-008
		Bt11	With phosphinothricin herbicide tolerance and lepidopteran maize pest resistance	QT-EVE-ZM-015
		T25, MON 88017	T25: with phosphinothricin herbicide tolerance and ampicillin resistance markerMON 88017: with glyphosate herbicide tolerance and coleopteran maize pest resistance	QT-EVE-ZM-016
		MON 810	With lepidopteran maize pest resistance, glyphosate herbicide tolerance and neomycin/kanamycin resistance marker	QT-EVE-ZM-020
	Rapeseed	T45	With phosphinothricin herbicide tolerance	QT-EVE-BN-001
		Ms8	With phosphinothricin herbicide tolerance and male sterility trait	QT-EVE-BN-002
		Rf3	With phosphinothricin herbicide tolerance and fertility restoration trait	QT-EVE-BN-003
		Gt73	With glyphosate herbicide tolerance	QT-EVE-BN-004
		73496	With glyphosate herbicide tolerance	QT-EVE-BN-009
		MON 88302	With glyphosate herbicide tolerance	QT-EVE-BN-010

Results of genetically modified organism analyses in all commercial Polish animal feed samples from 2018 to 2024

Matrix	Samples			Percentage of positive samples
	Total number	Positive	Negative
Soybean	205	149	56	72.7
Maize	26	0	26	0.0
Rapeseed	26	0	26	0.0
Compound feed	60	22	38	36.7
Total	317	171	146	53.9

Number of analysed animal feed samples from 2018 to 2024

Year	Number of samples analysed per year
	Soybean	Maize	Rapeseed	Compound feed	Total
2018	12	4	3	5	24
2019	27	3	2	7	39
2020	21	1	5	13	40
2021	29	2	5	8	44
2022	34	5	3	9	51
2023	37	8	5	8	58
2024	45	3	3	10	61
Total	205	26	26	60	317