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Is Shewanella oncorhynchi a fish health threat? Possible genetic background of pathogenicity and common carp challenge

Ewa Paździor

Ewa Paździor

Department of Parasitology and Invasive Diseases, Bee Diseases and Aquatic Animal Diseases, Department of Research Support, Department of Bacteriology and Bacterial Animal Diseases, National Veterinary Research InstitutePuławy, Poland
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Paździor, Ewa
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Agnieszka Pękala-Safińska

Agnieszka Pękala-Safińska

Department of Preclinical Sciences and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Poznań University of Life SciencesPoznań, Poland
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Pękala-Safińska, Agnieszka
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Arkadiusz Bomba

Arkadiusz Bomba

Department of Research Support, Department of Bacteriology and Bacterial Animal Diseases, National Veterinary Research InstitutePuławy, Poland
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Bomba, Arkadiusz
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Dariusz Wasyl

Dariusz Wasyl

Department of Bacteriology and Bacterial Animal Diseases, National Veterinary Research InstitutePuławy, Poland
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Wasyl, Dariusz
  
20 sie 2025
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Data publikacji: 20 sie 2025
Otrzymano: 24 sty 2025
Przyjęty: 12 sie 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2025-0042
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© 2025 Ewa Paździor et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Introduction

The Shewanella genus is widely distributed in aquatic environments and occurs in different niches with a wide range of temperatures and salinities. It includes a novel species, S. oncorhynchi, described as recently as 2022, causing lens atrophy, inappetence and growth retardation in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss, Walbaum 1792). Shewanella oncorhynchi also occurs in common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.), but its potential pathogenicity in this species is unclear.

Material and Methods

In this study, the pathogenicity of three well-characterised S. oncorhynchi strains was assessed in vivo in experimental infection of common carp and in vitro by estimation of their cytotoxicity to an epithelioma papulosum cyprini cell line. The strains’ characterisation involved whole-genome sequencing to identify possible virulence genes.

Results

Our study proved the pathogenicity of S. oncorhynchi to common carp and the bacterium’s cytotoxicity to epithelioma papulosum cyprini cells. Swollen abdomens, lens opacity, areas of discoloration and skin lesions were recorded in infected common carp. However, the ability to cause disease symptoms and mortality depended on the strain.

Conclusion

The study showed the potential roles of the quorum-sensing system, type IV pili, fimbriae, stress survival, iron metabolism and secretion system genes in the virulence of S. oncorhynchi. Of these, the vscC2, vscN2, vscR2, vscS2 and vscU2 type III secretion system genes potentially and probably enhance the bacterium’s ability to cause lesions in common carp.
Język:
Angielski
Częstotliwość wydawania:
4 razy w roku
Dziedziny czasopisma:
Nauki biologiczne, Biologia molekularna, Mikrobiologia i wirusologia, Nauki biologiczne, inne, Medycyna, Weterynaria
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