<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

<sec>
<h3>Introduction</h3>
<p>Penconazole (PEN) is a widely applied triazole fungicide. This study sought to define the efficacy of N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) in mitigating PEN-triggered hepatorenal toxicity in rats.</p>
</sec>
<sec>
<h3>Material and Methods</h3>
<p>Twenty-eight adult male albino Wistar rats were assigned to four groups: a normal control (NC), a PEN group, a NAC group and a PEN+NAC group. Administration of PEN (50 mg/kg body weight (b.w.) every 2 days) and NAC (150 mg/kg b.w., daily) took place <italic>via</italic> oral gavage for 10 days.</p>
</sec>
<sec>
<h3>Results</h3>
<p>Effective amelioration by NAC of PEN-induced liver and kidney dysfunction was indicated by a significant reduction in the circulating liver and kidney markers (aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, urea and creatinine). Attenuation of PEN-induced oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation in liver and kidney tissues was evident in a significant reduction in malondialdehyde and enhanced total antioxidant capacity. Moreover, NAC significantly reduced the histopathological alterations and the expression of tumour necrosis factor α in liver and kidney tissue. Furthermore, NAC maintained the messenger RNA levels of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), haem oxygenase 1, and Kelch-like erythroid cell-derived protein 1 and prevented nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) protein upregulation caused by PEN.</p>
</sec>
<sec>
<h3>Conclusion</h3>
<p>N-acetyl-1-cysteine protected against PEN-induced hepatorenal oxidative damage and inflammatory response <italic>via</italic> activation of Nrf2 and inhibition of NF-κB pathways.</p>
</sec>
</abstract>

Introduction
Penconazole (PEN) is a widely applied triazole fungicide. This study sought to define the efficacy of N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) in mitigating PEN-triggered hepatorenal toxicity in rats.


Material and Methods
Twenty-eight adult male albino Wistar rats were assigned to four groups: a normal control (NC), a PEN group, a NAC group and a PEN+NAC group. Administration of PEN (50 mg/kg body weight (b.w.) every 2 days) and NAC (150 mg/kg b.w., daily) took place via oral gavage for 10 days.


Results
Effective amelioration by NAC of PEN-induced liver and kidney dysfunction was indicated by a significant reduction in the circulating liver and kidney markers (aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, urea and creatinine). Attenuation of PEN-induced oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation in liver and kidney tissues was evident in a significant reduction in malondialdehyde and enhanced total antioxidant capacity. Moreover, NAC significantly reduced the histopathological alterations and the expression of tumour necrosis factor α in liver and kidney tissue. Furthermore, NAC maintained the messenger RNA levels of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), haem oxygenase 1, and Kelch-like erythroid cell-derived protein 1 and prevented nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) protein upregulation caused by PEN.


Conclusion
N-acetyl-1-cysteine protected against PEN-induced hepatorenal oxidative damage and inflammatory response via activation of Nrf2 and inhibition of NF-κB pathways.

Protective effects of N-acetyl-l-cysteine against penconazole-triggered hepatorenal toxicity in adult rats

Journal of Veterinary Research

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Introduction
Penconazole (PEN) is a widely applied triazole fungicide. This study sought to define the efficacy of N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) in mitigating...

Protective effects of N-acetyl-l-cysteine against penconazole-triggered hepatorenal toxicity in adult rats

Data publikacji: 20 wrz 2023

Zakres stron: 459 - 469

Otrzymano: 24 gru 2022

Przyjęty: 26 cze 2023

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2023-0039

Słowa kluczowe
penconazole, Nrf2, HO-1, Keap1, NF-κB

© 2023 Ashraf M. Morgan et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Protective effects of N-acetyl-l-cysteine against penconazole-triggered hepatorenal toxicity in adult rats

Data publikacji: 20 wrz 2023

Zakres stron: 459 - 469

Otrzymano: 24 gru 2022

Przyjęty: 26 cze 2023

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2023-0039

Słowa kluczowepenconazole, Nrf2, HO-1, Keap1, NF-κB

© 2023 Ashraf M. Morgan et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Słowa kluczowe
penconazole, Nrf2, HO-1, Keap1, NF-κB