PB2 |
E627K |
• Polymerase activity in mammalian cells |
5, 15, 39 |
D701N |
• Polymerase activity in mammalian cells |
G590S/Q591R |
• Polymerase activity in mammalian cells |
T271A |
• Enhanced polymerase activity and virus growth of H1N1pdm09 viruses in mammalian hosts |
D9N |
• B-interferon inhibition in mitochondria |
R251K |
• Virulence of H1avN1 viruses |
PA |
I38T |
• Antiviral drug (baloxavir marboxil) resistance |
35 |
HA |
Sa (128, 129, 158, 160, 162–167) |
• Antigenic drift |
7, 42 |
Sb (156, 159 187–198) |
Ca1 (169–173 206–208 238–240) |
Ca2 (140–145 224–225) |
Cb (74–79, 83,122) |
NP |
N313, V100I, 350K/T, 371V/M, 444V/I, 456L/V |
• Lineage characteristics |
34, 45 |
NA |
E119G/V, Q136K/R, K150T, D199G, I223K/R/V, S247N, H275Y, N295S |
• Resistance to neuraminidase inhibitors (oseltamivir, zanamivir, peramivir) |
6, 16, 19 |
M2 |
L26F/I, V27A/T, A30T/V, S31N, G34E, L38F |
• Resistance to adamantane M2 ion channel inhibitors (amantadine, rimantadine) |
11 |
NS1 |
D125G |
• Adaptation to new host species, synthesis of NS3 protein |
40 |
K108R, D125E, D189G |
• Antiviral activity of host cells |
12 |