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Highly pathogenic avian influenza H5Nx in Poland in 2020/2021: a descriptive epidemiological study of a large-scale epidemic

Krzysztof Śmietanka
Krzysztof Śmietanka
, 
Edyta Świętoń
Edyta Świętoń
, 
Krzysztof Wyrostek
Krzysztof Wyrostek
, 
Edyta Kozak
Edyta Kozak
, 
Karolina Tarasiuk
Karolina Tarasiuk
, 
Natalia Styś-Fijoł
Natalia Styś-Fijoł
, 
Kamila Dziadek
Kamila Dziadek
 oraz 
Krzysztof Niemczuk
Krzysztof Niemczuk
   | 25 mar 2022
Journal of Veterinary Research's Cover Image
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Data publikacji: 25 mar 2022
Zakres stron: 1 - 7
Otrzymano: 12 lis 2021
Przyjęty: 10 mar 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2022-0017
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© 2022 K. Śmietanka et al. published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Fig. 1

Number of HPAI outbreaks in poultry and wild birds in Poland in 2020/2021 by week of detection; an epidemiological event in wild birds can involve more than one positive bird found at the same site and time
Number of HPAI outbreaks in poultry and wild birds in Poland in 2020/2021 by week of detection; an epidemiological event in wild birds can involve more than one positive bird found at the same site and time

Fig. 2

Distribution of HPAI outbreaks in Poland in the 2020/2021 season. a) HPAI detections in poultry and wild birds during the first phase of the epidemic (end of November 2020–beginning of February 2021); b) HPAI in wild birds during the peak of detections in February–March 2021; c) detections in poultry, wild and captive birds since 1 March 2021; d) detections during the whole 2020/2021 season (24 November 2020–9 August 2021). White dots – outbreaks in commercial poultry; purple dots – outbreaks in non-commercial poultry holdings; black asterisks – H5N8 events in wild birds; yellow asterisks – H5N1 detections in wild birds; blue squares – detections in captive birds
Distribution of HPAI outbreaks in Poland in the 2020/2021 season. a) HPAI detections in poultry and wild birds during the first phase of the epidemic (end of November 2020–beginning of February 2021); b) HPAI in wild birds during the peak of detections in February–March 2021; c) detections in poultry, wild and captive birds since 1 March 2021; d) detections during the whole 2020/2021 season (24 November 2020–9 August 2021). White dots – outbreaks in commercial poultry; purple dots – outbreaks in non-commercial poultry holdings; black asterisks – H5N8 events in wild birds; yellow asterisks – H5N1 detections in wild birds; blue squares – detections in captive birds

Fig. 3

Phylogenetic tree of the HA gene of Polish H5Nx viruses. Selected sequences from Europe and Asia were also included in the analysis. For clarity, several clusters were compressed and the label indicates the origin of within-cluster sequences. Polish sequences located outside the compressed groups are marked with dots. Bootstrap percentages >70% are shown next to the branches
Phylogenetic tree of the HA gene of Polish H5Nx viruses. Selected sequences from Europe and Asia were also included in the analysis. For clarity, several clusters were compressed and the label indicates the origin of within-cluster sequences. Polish sequences located outside the compressed groups are marked with dots. Bootstrap percentages >70% are shown next to the branches

Number and type of flocks per species and production category tested between 24 November 2020 (date of the first outbreak) to 9 August 2021 (date of the last outbreak)

Poultry category Type of surveillance
 Total
Passive surveillance Contact holdings Active surveillance
Laying hens 219 60 22 301
Broiler chickens 88 27 234 349
Broiler breeders 132 25 5 162
Dual-chickens purpose 32 15 6 53
Fattening turkeys 174 57 157 388
Turkey breeders 1 0 0 1
Fattening geese 37 4 24 65
Geese breeders 15 1 2 18
Fattening duck 109 11 203 323
Duck breeders 9 1 6 16
Pheasants 1 0 0 1
Guinea fowl 1 2 1 4
Multi-species 17 3 1 21
Total 835 206 661 1702
eISSN:
2450-8608
Język:
Angielski
Częstotliwość wydawania:
4 razy w roku
Dziedziny czasopisma:
Life Sciences, Molecular Biology, Microbiology and Virology, other, Medicine, Veterinary Medicine
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