This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Barfield, Thomas. 1989. The Perilous Frontier: Nomadic Empires and China. Cambridge, MA: Basil Blackwell.BarfieldThomas1989The Perilous Frontier: Nomadic Empires and ChinaCambridge, MABasil BlackwellSearch in Google Scholar
Ben-Dor Benite, Zvi. 2005. The Dao of Muhammad. A Cultural History of Muslims in Late Imperial China, Harvard University Asia Center.Ben-Dor BeniteZvi2005The Dao of Muhammad. A Cultural History of Muslims in Late Imperial ChinaHarvard University Asia Center10.1163/9781684174126Search in Google Scholar
Berry, Chris. 2018. “Wolf Warrior 2: Imagining the Chinese Century.” Film Quarterly 72(2): 38–44.BerryChris2018“Wolf Warrior 2: Imagining the Chinese Century.”Film Quarterly722384410.1525/fq.2018.72.2.38Search in Google Scholar
Brophy, David, and T. Onuma. 2016. The Origins of Qing Xinjiang: A Set of Historical Sources on Turfan. Tokyo: University of Tokyo Press.BrophyDavidOnumaT.2016The Origins of Qing Xinjiang: A Set of Historical Sources on TurfanTokyoUniversity of Tokyo PressSearch in Google Scholar
Cao, Desheng. 2019. “Xi Emphasizes Cultural Preservation.” China Daily Global, August 26.CaoDesheng2019“Xi Emphasizes Cultural Preservation.”China Daily GlobalAugust26Search in Google Scholar
Cappelletti, Alessandra. 2017a. “The Construction of Chinese Culture in a Globalized World and Its Importance for Beijing’s Smart Power – Notes and Concepts on a Narrative Shift.” In Working Papers on East Asian Studies. Green Series, no. 115. [Duisburg, Germany]: Institute of East Asian Studies, University of Duisburg-EssenCappellettiAlessandra2017a“The Construction of Chinese Culture in a Globalized World and Its Importance for Beijing’s Smart Power – Notes and Concepts on a Narrative Shift.”InWorking Papers on East Asian StudiesGreen Series, no. 115.[Duisburg, Germany]Institute of East Asian Studies, University of Duisburg-EssenSearch in Google Scholar
Cappelletti, Alessandra. 2017b. “Chinese Cultural Diplomacy in the European Context: between Sophistication and Lack of Self-Confidence – Notes on the Impact and Effectiveness of Chinese BRI-Related Cultural Diplomacy Actions among the European Public.” EU-China Observer Special issue, “Public Diplomacy in EU-China Relations.” 4(16): 9–13.CappellettiAlessandra2017b“Chinese Cultural Diplomacy in the European Context: between Sophistication and Lack of Self-Confidence – Notes on the Impact and Effectiveness of Chinese BRI-Related Cultural Diplomacy Actions among the European Public.”EU-China Observer Special issue, “Public Diplomacy in EU-China Relations.”416913Search in Google Scholar
Chang, Yusuf. 1988. “The Ming Empire: Patron of Islam in China and Southeast-West Asia,” Journal of the Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society. 61, no. 2 (255): 1–44.ChangYusuf1988“The Ming Empire: Patron of Islam in China and Southeast-West Asia,”Journal of the Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society612 (255)144Search in Google Scholar
Coblin, W. South. 2007. “A Handbook of `Phags-pa Chinese.” Bulletin-School of Oriental and African Studies 70(3): 627–8.CoblinW. South2007“A Handbook of `Phags-pa Chinese.”Bulletin-School of Oriental and African Studies703627810.1515/9780824861261Search in Google Scholar
Crossley Pamela Kyle, Helen F. Siu, and Donald S. Sutton, eds. 2006. Empire at the Margins: Culture, Ethnicity, and Frontier in Early Modern China. Berkeley: University of California PressCrossleyPamela KyleSiuHelen F.SuttonDonald S.eds.2006Empire at the Margins: Culture, Ethnicity, and Frontier in Early Modern ChinaBerkeleyUniversity of California PressSearch in Google Scholar
Dikötter, Frank. 2001. “Nationalist Myth-Making: The Construction of the Chinese Race.” Human Rights in China (HRIC), April 27. https://www.hrichina.org/en/content/4573.DikötterFrank2001“Nationalist Myth-Making: The Construction of the Chinese Race.”Human Rights in China (HRIC)April27https://www.hrichina.org/en/content/4573.Search in Google Scholar
Fabietti, Ugo. 2007. L’identità etnica, storia e critica di un concetto equivoco. [Ethnic Identity, History of a Controversial Concept]. Rome: Carocci.FabiettiUgo2007L’identità etnica, storia e critica di un concetto equivoco. [Ethnic Identity, History of a Controversial Concept]RomeCarocciSearch in Google Scholar
Fei Yan, and Edward Vickers. 2019. “Portraying ‘Minorities” in Chinese History Textbooks of the 1990s and 2000s: The Advance and Retreat of Ethnocultural Inclusivity.” Asia-Pacific Journal of Education 39(2): 190–208.FeiYanVickersEdward2019“Portraying ‘Minorities” in Chinese History Textbooks of the 1990s and 2000s: The Advance and Retreat of Ethnocultural Inclusivity.”Asia-Pacific Journal of Education39219020810.1080/02188791.2019.1621800Search in Google Scholar
Garrick, John, and Bennet Yan Chang. 2018. “’Xi Jinping Thought:’ Realisation of the Chinese Dream of National Rejuvenation?” China Perspectives 1–2(113): 99–106.GarrickJohnChangBennet Yan2018“’Xi Jinping Thought:’ Realisation of the Chinese Dream of National Rejuvenation?”China Perspectives1–21139910610.4000/chinaperspectives.7872Search in Google Scholar
Gaubatz, Piper. 1996. Beyond the Great Wall: Urban Form and Transformation on the Chinese Frontiers. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.GaubatzPiper1996Beyond the Great Wall: Urban Form and Transformation on the Chinese FrontiersStanford, CAStanford University PressSearch in Google Scholar
Goodman, David. 2004. “China’s Campaign to ‘Open Up the West:’ National, Provincial, and Local Perspectives.” The China Quarterly 178: 317–34.GoodmanDavid2004“China’s Campaign to ‘Open Up the West:’ National, Provincial, and Local Perspectives.”The China Quarterly1783173410.1017/S0305741004000190Search in Google Scholar
Halbwachs, Maurice. 1980. The Collective Memory. New York: Harper & Row.HalbwachsMaurice1980The Collective MemoryNew YorkHarper & RowSearch in Google Scholar
Hughes, Christopher R. 2017. “Militarism and the China Model: The Case of National Defense Education.” Journal of Contemporary China 26(103): 54–67.HughesChristopher R.2017“Militarism and the China Model: The Case of National Defense Education.”Journal of Contemporary China26103546710.1080/10670564.2016.1206280Search in Google Scholar
“‘Hundred Questions and Hundred Examples”’”: Cadre Handbooks in the Fanghuiju Campaign.” Xinjiang Documentation Project., Accesses January 8, 2022. https://xinjiang.sppga.ubc.ca/chinese-sources/cadre-materials/cadre-handbooks/.“‘Hundred Questions and Hundred Examples”’”: Cadre Handbooks in the Fanghuiju Campaign.”Xinjiang Documentation Project., Accesses January 8, 2022. https://xinjiang.sppga.ubc.ca/chinese-sources/cadre-materials/cadre-handbooks/.Search in Google Scholar
Jinba, Tenzin. 2013. In the Land of the Eastern Queendom: The Politics of Gender and Ethnicity on the Sino-Tibetan Border. Seattle: University of Washington Press.JinbaTenzin2013In the Land of the Eastern Queendom: The Politics of Gender and Ethnicity on the Sino-Tibetan BorderSeattleUniversity of Washington PressSearch in Google Scholar
Lam, Wo-Lap W. 2015. Chinese Politics in the Era of Xi Jinping: Renaissance, Reform or Retrogression?”. London: Routledge.LamWo-Lap W.2015Chinese Politics in the Era of Xi Jinping: Renaissance, Reform or Retrogression?”LondonRoutledge10.4324/9781315719368Search in Google Scholar
Lim, Louisa. 2014. The People’s Republic of Amnesia. Tiananmen Revisited. New York: Oxford University Press.LimLouisa2014The People’s Republic of Amnesia. Tiananmen RevisitedNew YorkOxford University PressSearch in Google Scholar
Makley, Charlene. 2005. “‘Speaking Bitterness:’ Autobiography, History, and Mnemonic Politics on the Sino-Tibetan Frontier.” Comparative Studies in Society and History 47(1): 400–78.MakleyCharlene2005“‘Speaking Bitterness:’ Autobiography, History, and Mnemonic Politics on the Sino-Tibetan Frontier.”Comparative Studies in Society and History4714007810.1017/S0010417505000034Search in Google Scholar
Mullaney, Thomas, James Patrick Leibold, Stéphane Gros, and Eric Armand Vanden Bussche, eds. 2012. Critical Han Studies: The History, Representation, and Identity of China’s Majority. Berkeley: University of California Press.MullaneyThomasLeiboldJames PatrickGrosStéphaneBusscheEric Armand Vandeneds.2012Critical Han Studies: The History, Representation, and Identity of China’s MajorityBerkeleyUniversity of California PressSearch in Google Scholar
Rossabi, Morris, ed. 2013. Eurasian Influences on Yuan China. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies.RossabiMorrised.2013Eurasian Influences on Yuan ChinaSingaporeInstitute of Southeast Asian Studies10.1355/9789814459730Search in Google Scholar
Roudometof, Victor N. 2002. Collective Memory, National Identity, and Ethnic Conflict: Greece, Bulgaria, and the Macedonian Question. Westwood, CT: Praeger.RoudometofVictor N.2002Collective Memory, National Identity, and Ethnic Conflict: Greece, Bulgaria, and the Macedonian QuestionWestwood, CTPraegerSearch in Google Scholar
Scanlan, John. 2013. Memory: Encounters with the Strange and the Familiar. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.ScanlanJohn2013Memory: Encounters with the Strange and the FamiliarChicagoUniversity of Chicago PressSearch in Google Scholar
Schein, Louisa. 2000. Minority Rules. The Miao and the Feminine in China’s Cultural Politics. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.ScheinLouisa2000Minority Rules. The Miao and the Feminine in China’s Cultural PoliticsDurham, NCDuke University Press10.1215/9780822397311Search in Google Scholar
Schein, Rebecca. 2015. “Educating Americans for “Overseasmanship:” The Peace Corps and the Invention of Culture Shock.” American Quarterly 67(4): 1109–36.ScheinRebecca2015“Educating Americans for “Overseasmanship:” The Peace Corps and the Invention of Culture Shock.”American Quarterly67411093610.1353/aq.2015.0065Search in Google Scholar
Sintusingha Sidh, Hao Wu, Wenqi Lin, Sun Sheng Han, and Bo Qin. 2021. “International Perspectives on the Belt and Road Initiative. A Bottom-Up Approach.” Abingdon, UK: Routledge.SidhSintusinghaWuHaoLinWenqiHanSun ShengQinBo2021“International Perspectives on the Belt and Road Initiative. A Bottom-Up Approach.”Abingdon, UKRoutledge10.4324/9780367854645Search in Google Scholar
Thum, Rian. 2020. “The Spatial Cleansing of Xinjiang: ‘Mazar’ Desecration in Context.” Made in China Journal 5(2): 48–61.ThumRian2020“The Spatial Cleansing of Xinjiang: ‘Mazar’ Desecration in Context.”Made in China Journal52486110.22459/XYZ.2021.10Search in Google Scholar
Thwaites, Dilber. 2001. “Zunun Kadir’s Ambiguity: The Dilemma of a Uyghur Writer under Chinese Rule.” PhD thesis. (Australian National University).ThwaitesDilber2001“Zunun Kadir’s Ambiguity: The Dilemma of a Uyghur Writer under Chinese Rule.”PhD thesis.Australian National UniversitySearch in Google Scholar
Tsang, Steve Yui-Sang, and Honghua Men. 2016. China in the Era of Xi Jinping. Cham, Switzerland: Palgrave Macmillan.TsangSteve Yui-SangMenHonghua2016China in the Era of Xi JinpingCham, SwitzerlandPalgrave Macmillan10.1007/978-3-319-29549-7Search in Google Scholar
Tu, Wei-ming. 2005. “Cultural China: The Periphery As the Center.” Daedalus 134(4): 145–67.TuWei-ming2005“Cultural China: The Periphery As the Center.”Daedalus13441456710.1162/001152605774431545Search in Google Scholar
Wallerstein, Immanuel. 1990. “Culture as the Ideological Battleground of the Modern World-System.” Theory, Culture & Society. 7: 31–55.WallersteinImmanuel1990“Culture as the Ideological Battleground of the Modern World-System.”Theory, Culture & Society7315510.1177/026327690007002003Search in Google Scholar
Wang, Yong. 2016. “Offensive for Defensive: The Belt and Road Initiative and China’s New Grand Strategy.” The Pacific Review 29(3): 455–63.WangYong2016“Offensive for Defensive: The Belt and Road Initiative and China’s New Grand Strategy.”The Pacific Review2934556310.1080/09512748.2016.1154690Search in Google Scholar
习近平 (2019), 在敦煌研究院座谈时的讲话(2019年8月19日), 《求是》2020/03习近平2019在敦煌研究院座谈时的讲话(2019年8月19日)《求是》2020/03Search in Google Scholar
Xi Jinping. 2020. Zai Dunhuang Yanjiuyuan zuotan shi de jianghua (2019 nian 8 yue 19 ri), “Qiu Shi”, 2020/03.XiJinping2020Zai Dunhuang Yanjiuyuan zuotan shi de jianghua2019 nian 8 yue 19 ri“Qiu Shi”, 2020/03Search in Google Scholar
Xi Jinping. 2020. “Speech Delivered during the Discussion Occurred at the Dunhuang Research Institute.” (August 9, 2019), in Searching for Truth, 2020/03.XiJinping2020“Speech Delivered during the Discussion Occurred at the Dunhuang Research Institute.”August 9, 2019inSearching for Truth, 2020/03Search in Google Scholar
Zheng, Yongnian. 1999. Discovering Chinese Nationalism in China: Modernization, Identity, and International Relations. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.ZhengYongnian1999Discovering Chinese Nationalism in China: Modernization, Identity, and International RelationsCambridgeCambridge University PressSearch in Google Scholar