Interlingválne A Intralingválne Súvislosti Ikonickosti A Arbitrárnosti Jazykového Znaku

The relation between the symmetry and the asymmetry of form and content in a language has become a basic stimulant of two central semiotic natures, „messages” of linguistic schemes: the iconic­symbolic (with symmetry of form and content; form is a part of reflectional area of the sign) and the arbitrary (with „inherited” symmetry of non­reflectional type of symmetry, but with a dominant asymmetry of form and content; form is not a part of reflectional area of the sign) semiotic principles, which closely – mostly through its elements – cooperate, supplement and regroup each other. In order to specify the relation between iconic­symbolic and arbitrary semiotic principles, it is necessary (mostly in contradiction with the connection between synchronicity and diachronicity, in particular through the viewpoint of motivation – non­motivation as a binary opposition) to analyse interlingual and intralingual relations of semiotic natures stated above. There is – according to the extent of proximity in linguistic schemes – a (largely) synchronous tendency of linguistic­semiotic units to be arbitrary in the interlingual area of the sign, and in their structuring the more intensive representation of (genetic) motivation as an „echo” of iconic linguistic „tonality” in the intralingual area of the sign. The combination of interlingual and intralingual connections between language units extends the penetration of relation between iconicity and arbitrariness in the language system.