Macroeconomic cost of excluding persons with disabilities from the workforce in Spain
, oraz | 19 lis 2020
O artykule
Data publikacji: 19 lis 2020
Zakres stron: -
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/izajolp-2020-0015
Słowa kluczowe
© 2020 Angeles Cámara, Mª Isabel Martínez and Rosa Santero-Sánchez, published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
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Current situation of people with disabilities in the labor market and basic figures referring to the Scenario with no exclusion, 2014
| Current scenario | Scenario of full integration | Difference between the two scenarios | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Persons with disabilities (from 16 to 64 years of age) | 1,335,100 | 1,335,100 | |
| Employment rate (%) | 25.7 | 58.2 | 32.5 |
| Employed persons | 343, 294 | 783,427 | 440,132 |
Remuneration of employees in the new jobs created in the transition with respect to the scenario with no exclusion (millions of euros)
| Remuneration of employees | Wages and earnings | Social contributions | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Agriculture, husbandry, forestry, and fishing | 150.78 | 132.82 | 17.95 |
| Extractive and manufacturing industries | 1,535.26 | 1.217.34 | 317.92 |
| Energy, water, and waste management | 183.21 | 140.58 | 42.63 |
| Construction | 1,081.99 | 853.44 | 228.55 |
| Commerce | 2,178.91 | 1,711.45 | 467.46 |
| Transport and storage | 774.87 | 608.74 | 166.13 |
| Hospitality industry | 938.65 | 811.03 | 127.62 |
| Information and communications | 706.51 | 559.80 | 146.71 |
| Financial activities, insurance. and real estate | 920.85 | 697.97 | 222.88 |
| Professional. scientific and technical activities | 907.84 | 716.12 | 191.73 |
| Administrative and support service activities | −183.80 | −139.94 | −43.86 |
| Public administration and compulsory Social Security | 1,231.32 | 946.56 | 284.75 |
| Education | 1,196.94 | 929.07 | 267.87 |
| Healthcare activities and social services | −248.81 | −200.07 | −48.74 |
| Artistic and entertainment activities | 144.39 | 115.03 | 29.37 |
| Other services | 77.46 | 62.47 | 14.98 |
| Households as employers | 404.21 | 361.33 | 42.87 |
| Total | 12,000.57 | 9,523.73 | 2,476.84 |
Employee remuneration from new jobs created in the scenario with no labor gap ( millions of euros)
| Employee remuneration | Wages and earnings | Social contributions | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Agriculture, husbandry, forestry, and fishing | 124.79 | 109.93 | 14.86 |
| Extractive and manufacturing industries | 776.58 | 615.77 | 160.82 |
| Energy, water, and waste management | 87.70 | 67.30 | 20.41 |
| Construction | 611.89 | 482.64 | 129.25 |
| Commerce | 1,211.25 | 951.38 | 259.86 |
| Transport and storage | 444.74 | 349.38 | 95.35 |
| Hospitality industry | 690.49 | 596.61 | 93.88 |
| Information and communications | 187.51 | 148.57 | 38.94 |
| Energy, water, and waste management | 351.36 | 266.31 | 85.04 |
| Professional, scientific, and technical activities | 153.79 | 121.31 | 32.48 |
| Administrative and support service activities | −357.46 | −272.16 | −85.30 |
| Public Administration and compulsory Social Security | 350.18 | 269.20 | 80.98 |
| Education | 245.19 | 190.32 | 54.87 |
| Healthcare activities and social services | −1,089.21 | -875.86 | −213.36 |
| Artistic and entertainment activities | 21.53 | 17.15 | 4.38 |
| Other services | −5.49 | −4.43 | −1.06 |
| Households as employers | 430.02 | 384.41 | 45.61 |
| Total | 4,234.86 | 3,417.85 | 817.01 |
Current distribution of persons with disabilities in branches of activity and distribution referring to the Scenario with no labor gap
| Current scenario | Scenario with no labor gap | Difference between the two scenarios | Difference (FTE) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agriculture, husbandry, forestry, and fishing | 4,147 | 24,148 | 20,001 | 19,960 |
| Extractive and manufacturing industries | 44,703 | 72,839 | 28,136 | 26,860 |
| Energy, water, and waste management | 4,452 | 6,604 | 2,152 | 1,959 |
| Construction | 8,904 | 32,033 | 23,129 | 22,311 |
| Commerce | 40,434 | 109,209 | 68,775 | 61,885 |
| Transport and storage | 14,698 | 31,146 | 16,449 | 15,746 |
| Hospitality Industry | 13,539 | 45,931 | 32,392 | 27,318 |
| Information and communications | 6,952 | 11,039 | 4,087 | 3,831 |
| Energy, water, and waste management | 5,062 | 12,813 | 7,751 | 7,513 |
| Professional, scientific, and technical activities | 10,978 | 16,953 | 5,975 | 5,420 |
| Administrative and support service activities | 60,682 | 36,764 | −23,917 | −18,435 |
| Public administration and compulsory Social Security | 15,613 | 26,612 | 11,000 | 10,511 |
| Education | 9,453 | 17,347 | 7,894 | 6,257 |
| Healthcare activities and social services | 73,611 | 35,680 | −37,931 | −32,901 |
| Artistic and entertainment activities | 5,733 | 6,801 | 1,068 | 867 |
| Other services | 18,784 | 18,333 | −451 | −407 |
| Households as employers | 5,550 | 24,345 | 18,796 | 18,529 |
| Total | 343,294 | 528,600 | 185,306 | 177,224 |
Current distribution of employment among persons with disabilities by branch of activity in the scenario without exclusion
| Current scenario | Scenario of full integration | Difference between the two scenarios | Difference (FTE) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agriculture, husbandry, forestry and fishing | 4,147 | 28,177 | 24,030 | 23,117 |
| Extractive and manufacturing industries | 44,703 | 92,909 | 48,206 | 46,905 |
| Energy, water, and waste management | 4,452 | 8,328 | 3,876 | 3,721 |
| Construction | 8,904 | 44,693 | 35,789 | 34,733 |
| Commerce | 40,434 | 146,714 | 106,280 | 96,874 |
| Transport and storage | 14,698 | 40,003 | 25,306 | 24,293 |
| Hospitality industry | 13,539 | 56,194 | 42,655 | 37,088 |
| Information and communications | 6,952 | 21,836 | 14,883 | 14,355 |
| Financial activities, insurance, and real estate | 5,062 | 25,734 | 20,672 | 19,690 |
| Professional, scientific and technical activities | 10,978 | 42,996 | 32,018 | 30,081 |
| Administrative and support service activities | 60,682 | 50,875 | −9,807 | −8,355 |
| Public administration and compulsory Social Security | 15,613 | 49,770 | 34,157 | 33,218 |
| Education | 9,453 | 41,678 | 32,225 | 28,890 |
| Healthcare activities and social services | 73,611 | 66,914 | −6,697 | −6,121 |
| Artistic and entertainment activities | 5,733 | 12,220 | 6,487 | 5,543 |
| Other services | 18,784 | 24,944 | 6,160 | 5,556 |
| Households as employers | 5,550 | 29,441 | 23,891 | 17,417 |
| Total | 343,294 | 783,427 | 440,132 | 407,006 |
Macroeconomic impact of the full workforce integration of persons with disabilities, 2015
| Direct impact | Indirect impact | Induced impact | Total impact | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jobs (FTE) | 407,006 | 193,038 | 110,141 | 710,184 |
| Wages in earnings (M €) | 9,524 | 4,587 | 2,613 | 16,724 |
| Contributions (M €) | 2,477 | 1,182 | 687 | 4,346 |
| GDP (M €) | 23,757 | 9,529 | 6,026 | 39,312 |
| Increase in the GDP (%) | 2.4 | 1.0 | 0.6 | 4.0 |
Macroeconomic impact of the elimination of the labor gap for persons with disabilities and increases in the current levels of the distinct variables, 2015
| Direct Impact | Indirect impact | Induced impact | Total impact | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jobs (FTE) | 177,224 | 71,654 | 44,791 | 293,669 |
| Waged and earnings (M €) | 3,418 | 1,484 | 1,060 | 5,962 |
| Contributions (M €) | 817 | 337 | 278 | 1,432 |
| GDP (M €) | 9,188 | 3,199 | 2,458 | 14,845 |
| Increase in the GDP (%) | 0.9 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 1.5 |
Impact on sectoral employment of the elimination of the labor gap for persons with disabilities, 2015
| Branches of Activity | Direct | Indirect | Induced |
|---|---|---|---|
| Commerce | 61,885 | 22,826 | 8,193 |
| Hospitality industry | 27,318 | 9,038 | 3,108 |
| Extractive and manufacturing industries | 26,860 | 5,801 | 5,720 |
| Construction | 22,311 | 8,241 | 4,088 |
| Agriculture, husbandry, forestry, and fishing | 19,960 | 2,532 | 1,906 |
| Households as employers | 18,529 | 18,529 | 1,116 |
| Transport and storage | 15,746 | 5,585 | 2,550 |
| Public administration, defense, and compulsory Social Security | 10,511 | 5,847 | 2,874 |
| Financial activities, insurance, and real estate | 7,513 | 1,292 | 1,503 |
| Education | 6,257 | 4.934 | 2.811 |
| Professional, scientific and technical activities | 5,420 | 2,597 | 2,705 |
| Information and communications | 3,831 | 1,320 | 1,008 |
| Energy, water, and waste management | 1,959 | 485 | 482 |
| Artistic, recreational, and entertainment activities | 867 | 735 | 1,157 |
| Other services | −407 | 343 | 1,125 |
| Administrative and support service activities | −18,435 | −4,576 | 1,825 |
| Healthcare activities and social services | −32,901 | −13,876 | 2,619 |
| Total | 177,224 | 71,654 | 44,791 |
Impact on sectoral employment associated with the full integration of persons with disabilities in the workforce, 2015
| Branches of Activity | Direct | Indirect | Induced |
|---|---|---|---|
| Commerce | 96,874 | 45,702 | 19,818 |
| Extractive and manufacturing industries | 46,905 | 12,526 | 13,076 |
| Hospitality industry | 37,088 | 13,871 | 7,256 |
| Construction | 34,733 | 16,399 | 9,788 |
| Public Administration, defense, and compulsory Social Security | 33,218 | 20,573 | 7,199 |
| Professional, scientific and technical activities | 30,081 | 13,111 | 6,948 |
| Education | 28,890 | 23,533 | 6,991 |
| Transport and storage | 24,293 | 10,816 | 5,973 |
| Agriculture, husbandry, forestry, and fishing | 23,117 | 3,872 | 4,146 |
| Financial activities, insurance, and real estate | 19,690 | 3,527 | 3,649 |
| Households as employers | 17,417 | 17,417 | 2,683 |
| Information and communications | 14,355 | 4,845 | 2,593 |
| Other services | 5,556 | 3,010 | 2,888 |
| Artistic, recreational, and entertainment activities | 5,543 | 3,426 | 2,878 |
| Energy, water, and waste management | 3,721 | 1,159 | 1,156 |
| Healthcare activities and social services | −6,121 | −741 | 7,151 |
| Administrative and support service activities | −8,355 | −9 | 5,947 |
| Total | 407,006 | 193,038 | 110,141 |
Current situation of people with disabilities in the labor market and basic figures referring to the Scenario with no labor gap, 2014
| Current scenario | Scenario with no labor gap | Difference between the two scenarios | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Persons with disabilities (from 16 to 64 years of age) | 335,100 | 1,335,100 | |
| Employment rate (%) | 25.7 | 39.6 | 13.9 |
| Employed persons | 343,294 | 528,600 | 185,306 |