Otwarty dostęp

The impact of organizational learning on Polish SME market performance

Ewa Baranowska-Prokop
Ewa Baranowska-Prokop
 oraz 
Tomasz Sikora
Tomasz Sikora
   | 30 cze 2023
International Journal of Management and Economics's Cover Image
O artykule
Poprzedni artykuł
Następny artykuł
Zacytuj
Article Category: Empirical Paper
Data publikacji: 30 cze 2023
Zakres stron: 137 - 149
Otrzymano: 12 lip 2022
Przyjęty: 21 sty 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/ijme-2023-0003
Słowa kluczowe
© 2023 Ewa Baranowska-Prokop et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Descriptive statistics for the scale of organizational commitment to learning (“pre-COVID-19” sample)

Item N Mean Std. deviation Skewness Kurtosis
Statistic Statistic Statistic Statistic Std. error Statistic Std. error
The sense around here is that employee learning is an investment, not an expense 238 4.91 1.590 −0.585 0.158 −0.239 0.314
Learning in my organization is seen as a key commodity necessary to guarantee organizational survival 238 4.87 1.562 −0.606 0.158 −0.080 0.314
In our corporate culture, the employees’ learning is seen as very important 238 4.99 1.566 −0.638 0.158 −0.109 0.314
Commitment to learning 238 14.77 4.516 −0.644 0.158 0.013 0.314
Valid N (listwise) 238

Descriptive statistics for measures of market performance (“COVID-19” sample)

Item N Mean Std. deviation Skewness Kurtosis
Statistic Statistic Statistic Statistic Std. error Statistic Std. error
Financial results in 2020 (estimated) 219 3.36 0.945 −1.042 0.164 0.685 0.327
Sales dynamics in 2020 (estimated) compared to 2019 219 2.99 0.995 0.525 0.164 −0.602 0.327
Financial results 2019–2020 219 7.05 1.755 −0.938 0.164 0.256 0.327
Sales dynamics 2018–2020 219 6.69 1.808 0.237 0.164 −0.746 0.327
Valid N (listwise) 219

Correlations between measures of market performance and commitment to learning (“COVID-19” sample, after removal of outliers)

Item Commitment to learning
Financial results in 2020 (6 outliers removed) Pearson correlation 0.181*
Sig. (two tailed) 0.008
N 213
Sales dynamics in 2020 compared with 2019 (10 outliers removed) Pearson correlation 0.162**
Sig. (two tailed) 0.019
N 209
Financial results during 2019–2020 (7 outliers removed) Pearson correlation 0.152**
Sig. (two tailed) 0.027
N 212
Sales dynamics during 2018–2020 (13 outliers removed) Pearson correlation 0.142**
Sig. (two tailed) 0.042
N 206

Correlations between three measures of OL (“pre-COVID-19” sample)

Characteristics Commitment to learning Financing (or not) employees’ training
Commitment to learning Pearson correlation 1 0.392**
Sig. (two tailed) 0.000
N 238 238
Financing (or not) employees’ training Pearson correlation 0.392** 1
Sig. (two tailed) 0.000
N 238 240
Diversity of information Pearson correlation 0.245** 0.193**
sources Sig. (two tailed) 0.000 0.003
N 238 240

The number of types of information sources per company (“pre-COVID-19” sample)

Item Frequency Percent Valid percent
Valid 0 – no information from outside sources 118 49.2 49.2
1 - information from one outside source 90 37.5 37.5
2 - information from two outside sources 25 10.4 10.4
3 - information from three outside sources 7 2.9 2.9
Total 240 100.0 100.0

Analysis of variance for sales dynamics in 2018 compared with 2017 (“pre-COVID-19” sample) Tests of between-subjects effects Dependent variable: Sales dynamics in 2018 compared with 2017

Source Type III sum of squares df Mean square F Sig.
Corrected model 14.851a 6 2.475 3.788 0.001
Intercept 202.667 1 202.667 310.128 0.000
Commitment to learning 0.698 1 0.698 1.067 0.303
Financing of trainings 0.002 1 0.002 0.003 0.960
Diversity of information sources 5.608 1 5.608 8.581 0.004
Medium-sized firms vs. small-sized firms 0.086 1 0.086 0.132 0.717
Exporters vs. non-exporters 3.464 1 3.464 5.301 0.022
Firm size * Exp. vs. non-exp. interaction 0.319 1 0.319 0.488 0.485
Error 147.690 226 0.653
Total 3,456.000 233
Corrected total 162.541 232

Answers to a question related to financing of employee training (“pre-COVID-19” sample)

Item Frequency Percent Valid percent
Valid No financing 90 37.5 37.5
Covering a minority of costs 21 8.8 8.8
Covering most of the costs 48 20.0 20.0
Full financing 81 33.8 33.8
Total 240 100.0 100.0

Descriptive statistics for the scale of organizational commitment to learning (“COVID-19” sample)

Item N Mean Std. deviation Skewness Kurtosis
Statistic Statistic Statistic Statistic Std. error Statistic Std. error
The sense around here is that employee learning is an investment, not an expense 219 5.13 0.752 −0.157 0.164 −0.713 0.327
Learning in my organization is seen as a key commodity necessary to guarantee organizational survival 219 5.11 0.736 −0.044 0.164 −0.450 0.327
In our corporate culture, the employees’ learning is seen as very important 219 5.42 0.870 −0.201 0.164 −0.570 0.327
Commitment to learning 219 15.66 2.214 −0.285 0.164 −0.454 0.327
Valid N (listwise) 219

Descriptive statistics for measures of market performance (“pre-COVID-19” sample)

Item N Mean Std. deviation Skewness Kurtosis
Statistic Statistic Statistic Statistic Std. error Statistic Std. error
Financial results in 2018 240 3.92 0.782 −0.593 0.157 0.527 0.313
Sales dynamics in 2018 compared to 2017 240 3.71 0.881 −0.134 0.157 −0.560 0.313
Financial results 2017–2018 240 7.82 1.488 −0.380 0.157 0.011 0.313
Sales dynamics 2016–2018 240 7.41 1.634 −0.079 0.157 −0.373 0.313
Perception of success compared to competitors 240 4.37 0.980 0.956 0.157 2.252 0.313
Valid N (listwise) 240

Correlations between measures of market performance and measures of OL (“pre-COVID-19” sample)

Item Commitment to learning Financing (or not) employees’ training Diversity of information sources
Sales dynamics in 2018 compared to 2017 (5 outliers removed) Pearson correlation 0.137* 0.081 0.239**
Sig. (two tailed) 0.036 0.219 0.000
N 233 235 235
Sales dynamics 2016–2018 (4 outliers removed) Pearson correlation 0.204** 0.136* 0.299**
Sig. (two tailed) 0.002 0.036 0.000
N 234 236 236
Perception of success compared to competitors (4 outliers removed) Pearson correlation 0.237** 0.155* 0.244**
Sig. (two tailed) 0.000 0.018 0.000
N 233 235 235

Analysis of variance for sales dynamics during 2016–2018 (“pre-COVID-19” sample; after removal of four outliers) Tests of between-subjects effects Dependent variable: Sales dynamics during 2016–2018 (after removal of four outliers)

Source Type III sum of squares df Mean square F Sig.
Corrected model 48.736a 6 8.123 5.367 0.000
Intercept 862.521 1 862.521 569.922 0.000
Commitment to learning 5.721 1 5.721 3.780 0.053
Financing of trainings 0.301 1 0.301 0.199 0.656
Diversity of information sources 20.628 1 20.628 13.630 0.000
Medium-sized firms vs. small-sized firms 0.974 1 0.974 0.644 0.423
Exporters vs. non-exporters 0.636 1 0.636 0.420 0.517
Firm size * Exp. vs. non-exp. interaction 4.218 1 4.218 2.787 0.096
Error 343.542 227 1.513
Total 15,577.000 234
Corrected total 392.278 233

Analysis of variance for sales dynamics in 2018 compared with 2017 (“COVID-19” sample; after removal of six outliers) Tests of between-subjects effects Dependent variable: Estimated financial results in 2020 (after removal of six outliers)

Source Type III sum of squares df Mean square F Sig.
Corrected model 30,258a 5 6,052 9,646 0.000
Intercept 34,265 1 34,265 54,618 0.000
Balance of COVID-19 consequences 6,057 1 6,057 9,654 0.002
Commitment to learning 1,141 1 1,141 1,819 0.179
Medium-sized firms vs. small-sized firms 0.039 1 0.039 0.062 0.803
Exporters vs. non-exporters 9,947 1 9,947 15,855 0.000
Firm size * Exp. vs. non-exp. interaction 3,582 1 3,582 5,710 0.018
Error 129,864 207 0.627
Total 2,662,000 213
Corrected total 160,122 212

Analysis of variance for evaluation of success compared with competitors (“pre-COVID-19” sample; after removal of four outliers) Tests of between-subjects effects Dependent variable: Perception of success compared with competitors (after removal of four outliers)

Source Type III sum of squares df Mean square F Sig.
Corrected model 20.234a 6 3.372 4.646 0.000
Intercept 219.868 1 219.868 302.945 0.000
Commitment to learning 5.278 1 5.278 7.272 0.008
Financing of trainings 0.286 1 0.286 0.395 0.531
Diversity of information sources 5.510 1 5.510 7.592 0.006
Medium-sized firms vs. small-sized firms 0.437 1 0.437 0.602 0.438
Exporters vs. non-exporters 0.197 1 0.197 0.272 0.603
Firm size * Exp. vs. non-exp. Interaction 1.427 1 1.427 1.967 0.162
Error 164.024 226 0.726
Total 4,632.000 233
Corrected total 184.258 232
eISSN:
2543-5361
Język:
Angielski
Częstotliwość wydawania:
4 razy w roku
Dziedziny czasopisma:
Business and Economics, Political Economics, Economic Theory, Systems and Structures, Business Management, Management Accounting, Financial Controlling, Cost Calculation, Investment
Kanał RSS czasopisma