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Evaluating the impact of public financial support on innovation activities of European Union enterprises: Additionality approach

Małgorzata Stefania Lewandowska
Małgorzata Stefania Lewandowska
, 
Marzenna Anna Weresa
Marzenna Anna Weresa
 oraz 
Małgorzata Rószkiewicz
Małgorzata Rószkiewicz
   | 30 wrz 2022
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Article Category: Empirical Paper
Data publikacji: 30 wrz 2022
Zakres stron: 248 - 266
Otrzymano: 30 gru 2021
Przyjęty: 30 wrz 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/ijme-2022-0020
Słowa kluczowe
© 2022 Małgorzata Stefania Lewandowska et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Figure 1

Theoretical model of the impact of public financial support on different activities of treated enterprise.Source: Own elaboration.
Theoretical model of the impact of public financial support on different activities of treated enterprise.Source: Own elaboration.

Figure 2

Results of path analysis for selected EU countries—input additionality and behavioral additionality.Source: Own elaboration based on the results of path analysis of 14 countries under study. EU, European Union.
Results of path analysis for selected EU countries—input additionality and behavioral additionality.Source: Own elaboration based on the results of path analysis of 14 countries under study. EU, European Union.

Initial sample description

Country Sample Sample split
BG 14,255 14.4
CY 1,346 1.4
CZ 5,198 5.3
DE 6,282 6.4
EE 1,760 1.8
EL 2,507 2.5
ES 30,333 30.7
HR 3,265 3.3
HU 6,817 6.9
LT 2,421 2.5
LV 1,501 1.5
NO 5,045 5.1
PT 7,083 7.2
RO 8,206 8.3
SK 2,790 2.8
Total 98,809 100.0

Results of path analysis for the whole sample of enterprises from 14 EU member states, total effect, direct effect, and indirect effect

Variables Total effects Direct effects Indirect effects
PublSuppEU KnowAcq InnoCoopTr PublSuppEU KnowAcq InnoCoopTr PublSuppEU KnowAcq InnoCoopTr
KnowAcq 0.417 0.000 0.000 0.417 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
InnoCoopTr 0.256 0.357 0.000 0.107 0.357 0.000 0.149 0.000 0.000

Variable operationalization

Variable Description and construction of variables Abbr. from CIS 2014
PubSuppEU Variable—“Financial support from European Union”
“1” if the firm received public financial support for innovation activity from EU; 0” otherwise. FUNEU
InnoPerf Variable—“Innovation performance of supported enterprise”
Log of fraction (from 0 to 100) of turnover from innovative products introduced in 2012–2014 in total turnover in 2014 TURNMA + TURNIN
KnowAcq Variable—“Knowledge acquisition as the proxy for R&D budget”
“1” if the firm declared acquisition of machinery, equipment, software and buildings to be used for new or significantly improved products, processes or acquisition of existing knowledge from other enterprises or organizations (existing know-how, copyrighted works, patented and non-patented inventions, etc. from other enterprises or organizations for the development of new or significantly improved products and processes; “0” otherwise RMACROEK
InnoCoopTr Variable—“Innovation cooperation and personnel training”
“1” if the firm declared cooperation with local suppliers; customers; competitors; consultants; universities, research institutes, or cooperation with EU suppliers; customers; competitors; consultants; universities, research institutes, or cooperation with non-EU (China, India, the United States, other countries) suppliers; customers; competitors; consultants; universities, research institutes, or conducted internal or external training for its personnel for the development and/or introduction of new products and processes; “0” otherwise Co11-Co75.RTR

Results of path analysis for the whole sample of enterprises from 14 EU member states

Variable Impact direction Variable H Estimate S.E. P Standardized
KnowAcq <--- PublSuppEU H1 0.417 0.015 *** 0.203
InnoPerf <--- PublSuppEU H2 0.066 0.012 *** 0.046
InnoCoopTr <--- PublSuppEU H3 0.107 0.011 *** 0.063
InnoPerf <--- KnowAcq 0.030 0.022 0.175 0.010
InnoPerf <--- InnoCoopTr 0.065 0.014 *** 0.037
KnowAcq <--- InnoCoopTr 0.357 0.005 *** 0.430

Taxonomy of EU innovation activity support within surveyed countries results from path models for each country sample and verification of hypotheses

Additionality type H BG CY CZ EE EL ES HR HU LT LV NO PO RO SK
Input additionality standardized H1 0.188 0.199 0.125 0.076 0.082 0.061 0.107 0.173 0.146 0.053 0.004 0.122 0.075 0.058
Input additionality P value H1 *** *** *** 0.244 ** *** ** *** *** 0.538 0.866 *** 0.501 0.252
Input additionality (external R&D) H1 + + + No + + + + + No No + No No
Output additionality standardized H2 0.019 0.045 0.013 0.029 −0.024 0.041 −0.022 −0.015 0.052 0.173 0.033 0.012 0.056 0.001
Output additionality P value H2 .457 0.433 0.595 0.695 0.522 ** 0.590 0.566 0.082 0.388 0.159 0.590 0.614 0.987
Output additionality H2 No No No No No + No No No No No No No No
Behavioral additionality standardized H3 0.184 0.116 0.209 0.023 0.207 0.286 0.125 0.146 0.180 0.173 0.233 0.290 0.198 0.195
Behavioral additionality P value H3 *** 0.038 *** 0.755 *** *** ** *** *** 0.058 *** *** 0.066 ***
Behavioral additionality H3 + + + No + + + + + No + + No +
Policy type B.ID BI.D BI.D NO.AE BI.D MULT BI.D BI.D BI.D NO.AE MONO.D BID NO.AE MONO.D
eISSN:
2543-5361
Język:
Angielski
Częstotliwość wydawania:
4 razy w roku
Dziedziny czasopisma:
Business and Economics, Political Economics, Economic Theory, Systems and Structures, Business Management, Management Accounting, Financial Controlling, Cost Calculation, Investment
Kanał RSS czasopisma