Entrepreneurial Nonprofit (ENP) – Originates in mutual interests. |
28 |
Usually a Company Limited by Guarantee, often with Charitable Status. Can also be an unincorporated association or a Designated Activity Company (DAC). |
Soup kitchen providing meals for homeless people; training programmes for disadvantaged youth; mobility service for wheelchair users. |
Public Social Enterprise (PSE) – Originates in general/public interest. |
19 |
Usually a Company Limited by Guarantee, often with Charitable Status. Can also be an unincorporated association or a Designated Activity Company (DAC). |
Coffee shop for ex-offenders; Knitwear made by Traveller women; craft shop for homeless people. |
Social Cooperative (SC) – Originates in mutual and market interest. |
2 |
Industrial and provident society (co-operative). The SC type is (mostly) linked with one legal form only. |
Community owned book shop; Sustainable grocery shop; Community Centre; Group Water Scheme with social purpose. |
Social Business (SB) – Originates in market interest. |
7 |
Any private sector organisational form: sole trader, Partnership, Limited company (limited by share issue), PLC, Industrial and provident society (cooperative). Can apply for BCorp and/or Fairtrade status. |
A social purpose App; food production where the farmer is paid a fair wage; sustainable energy technology. |
Innovative Individual (II) – not in Defourny & Nyssens’ typology because not an org. |
18 |
An innovative individual (social entrepreneur) can establish any kind of formal organisation, either private/for profit, or nonprofit. This approach to SE is not linked to any one legal form. |
Idea for a social innovation: microcredit lending; organising an annual book festival; removing plastic from the sea and making surfboards. |