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Design of Hybrid Yarn with the Combination of Fiber and Filaments and Its Effect on the Denim Fabric Performance

Osman Babaarslan

Osman Babaarslan

Engineering Faculty, Textile Engineering Department, Cukurova UniversityAdana, Turkey
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Babaarslan, Osman
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Md Abul Shahid

Md Abul Shahid

Engineering Faculty, Textile Engineering Department, Cukurova UniversityAdana, Turkey
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Shahid, Md Abul
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Fatma B. Doğan

Fatma B. Doğan

ÇALIK DENİM Textile AŞ., R&D DepartmentYeşilyurt/Malatya, Turkey
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Doğan, Fatma B.
  
19 kwi 2023
Design of Hybrid Yarn with the Combination of Fiber and Filaments and Its Effect on the Denim Fabric Performance's Cover Image
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Kategoria artykułu: Research Article
Data publikacji: 19 kwi 2023
Zakres stron: 25 - 37
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/ftee-2023-0004
Słowa kluczowe
© 2023 Łukasiewicz Research Network-Łódź Institute of Technology, published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Fig. 1.

Illustration of core-spun and dual core-spun yarns view (Picture is drawn by the author)
Illustration of core-spun and dual core-spun yarns view (Picture is drawn by the author)

Fig. 2.

Schematic illustration of modified ring spinning method for dual core-spun yarn; (a) modified ring spinning arrangement, (b) combination of materials, (c) cross-sectional view of dual core-spun yarn. [16, 29]
Schematic illustration of modified ring spinning method for dual core-spun yarn; (a) modified ring spinning arrangement, (b) combination of materials, (c) cross-sectional view of dual core-spun yarn. [16, 29]

Fig. 3.

Strength of dual core-spun yarns
Strength of dual core-spun yarns

Fig. 4.

Elongation% of dual core-spun yarns
Elongation% of dual core-spun yarns

Fig. 5.

Unevenness% of dual core-spun yarns
Unevenness% of dual core-spun yarns

Fig. 6.

Hairiness% of dual core-spun yarns
Hairiness% of dual core-spun yarns

Fig. 7.

Weight of dry and washed fabrics
Weight of dry and washed fabrics

Fig. 8.

Elasticity% of the fabrics
Elasticity% of the fabrics

Fig. 9.

Growth% of the fabric
Growth% of the fabric

Fig. 10.

Warp and weft tensile strength (kgf) of the fabrics
Warp and weft tensile strength (kgf) of the fabrics

Fig. 11.

Warp and weft tearing strength (grf) of the fabrics
Warp and weft tearing strength (grf) of the fabrics

Fig. 12.

Warp and weft shrinkage% of the fabrics
Warp and weft shrinkage% of the fabrics

Fig. 13.

Stiffness of the fabrics
Stiffness of the fabrics

Regression model and ANOVA table for yarn properties

Model Summary ANOVA
Dependent Variables R R Square Adjusted R Square Std. error of the Estimate Dependent variables F Sig.
Strength 0.764 0.584 0.570 0.67503 Yarn Strength 40.287 0.000
Elongation 0.770 0.593 0.579 0.88906 Yarn elongation 41.836 0.000
Unevenness 0.649 0.421 0.401 0.43800 Yarn Unevenness 20.846 0.000
Hairiness 0.605 0.366 0.344 0.56914 Yarn Hairiness 16.526 0.000

Regression coefficients for yarn properties response variables using values of the independent variables

Coefficient
Strength Elongation Unevenness Hairiness
Terms Coefficient Sig. Coefficient Sig. Coefficient Sig. Coefficient Sig.
Constant 24.098 0.000 9.357 0.000 6.204 0.000 15.286 0.000
Yarn count −0.549 0.000 0.020 0.828 0.303 0.000 −0.348 0.000
Elastane fineness −0.019 0.000 0.030 0.000 −0.006 0.000 −0.007 0.001
Filament type −0.025 0.776 −0.679 0.000 0.116 0.044 −0.127 0.087

Test method standard used in this study for yarn and fabric

Yarn Test Standard Fabric test Standard
Yarn count (dtex) TS 244 EN ISO 2060 Weight (gsm) ASTM D3776
Uster unevenness (%) TS 2394 Tear strength (grf) ASTM D1424
Yarn hairiness (%) TS12863 Tensile strength (kgf) ASTM D5034
Yarn breaking tenacity (%) TS 245 EN ISO 2062 Shrinkage (%) AATCC 135
Yarn and fabric sample acceptance and conditioning ASTM D 1776 Stiffness (kgf) ASTM D4032
Elasticity & growth (%) ASTM D3107

ANOVA table for fabric properties of regression analysis

ANOVA
Dependent variables F Sig. Dependent variables F Sig.
Fabric dry weight 134.749 0.000 Warp tensile strength 112.240 0.000
Fabric washed weight 332.405 0.000 Weft tensile strength 303.867 0.000
Fabric elasticity 431.107 0.000 Warp tearing strength 78.768 0.000
Fabric growth% 30s 17.643 0.000 Weft tearing strength 110.975 0.000
Fabric growth% 2 hr 12.552 0.000 Warp shrinkage 7.052 0.000
Stiffness 155.364 0.000 Weft shrinkage 71.492 0.000

Regression coefficients for fabric properties response variables using values of the independent variables

Dependent variable constant yarn count elastane filament
Fabric dry weight coefficient 360.750 −6.289 0.438 −3.517
significance 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
Fabric washed weight coefficient 302.034 0.311 0.899 −5.550
significance 0.000 0.719 0.000 0.000
Fabric elasticity coefficient −33.990 3.639 0.247 −0.342
significance 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.225
Fabric growth% 30s coefficient −0.633 0.444 0.003 0.067
significance 0.565 0.000 0.133 0.389
Fabric growth% 2 hr coefficient −2.415 0.422 0.006 −0.117
significance 0.071 0.000 0.026 0.213
Warp tensile strength coefficient 71.330 0.100 0.160 −1.383
significance 0.000 0.709 0.000 0.000
Weft tensile strength coefficient 104.200 −4.111 0.002 0.417
significance 0.000 0.000 0.606 0.015
Warp tearing strength coefficient 4324.973 26.783 2.500 10.800
significance 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.093
Weft tearing strength coefficient 9024.065 −331.289 0.049 139.200
significance 0.000 0.000 0.940 0.000
Warp shrinkage coefficient −10.849 0.489 −0.023 0.083
significance 0.001 0.009 0.000 0.709
Weft shrinkage coefficient 23.793 −2.456 −0.066 0.700
significance 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.011
Stiffness coefficient 0.306 0.006 0.005 −0.033
significance 0.011 0.413 0.000 0.000

Properties of cotton fiber, roving, and filaments used in this study

Cotton fiber HVI Roving properties Filament Strength, cN/Tex Elongation%
SCI 140.3 Count Ne 0.7 PET/PTT 55 dtex 35.42 28.54
Mic. 4.98 U% 3.98 PTT 56 dtex 37.75 27.85
UHML (mm) 30.5 CVm% 5.01 PET 55 dtex 44.52 23.50
SFI 6.13 CVm 1m% 1.65 PET/PTT 83 dtex 42.53 26.66
Strength (g/tex) 33.37 CVm 3m% 1.25 PTT 84 dtex 35.36 25.02
Elongation (%) 8.4 CVm 5m% 1.14 PET 83 dtex 40.39 23.73

Regression analysis model summary for fabric properties

Model Summary
Dependent Variables R R Square Adjusted R Square Std. Error
Fabric dry weight 0.908 0.825 0.818 6.97576
Fabric washed weight 0.959 0.921 0.918 8.17244
Fabric elasticity 0.968 0.938 0.935 2.16641
Fabric growth% 30 sec 0.617 0.381 0.359 0.59702
Fabric growth% 2hr 0.552 0.305 0.280 0.72006
Warp tensile strength 0.892 0.797 0.789 2.53191
Weft tensile strength 0.956 0.914 0.911 1.29636
Warp tearing strength 0.856 0.733 0.724 49.19050
Weft tearing strength 0.891 0.795 0.788 182.10435
Warp shrinkage 0.444 0.197 0.169 1.72689
Weft shrinkage 0.845 0.714 0.704 2.07561
Stiffness 0.919 0.844 0.839 0.06412

Structure of composite/hybrid yarns used in this study

Sample Sheath Core Composition Linear density
DT1 Cotton 55 dtex PET/PTT44 dtex Elastane 80.45% CO + 15.52% T400® + 4.03%Elastane 328.06 dtex (Ne 18/1)
DS1 Cotton 56 dtex PTT44 dtex Elastane 80.17% CO + 15.80% Solotex® + 4.03%Elastane 328.06 dtex (Ne 18/1)
DP1 Cotton 55 dtex PET44 dtex Elastane 80.29% CO + 15.68% PET + 4.03%Elastane 328.06 dtex (Ne 18/1)
CT1 Cotton 83 dtex PET/PTT44 dtex Elastane 75.60% CO + 20.82% T400® + 3.58%Elastane 369.06 dtex (Ne 16/1)
CS1 Cotton 84 dtex PTT44 dtex Elastane 75.35% CO + 21.07% Solotex® + 3.58%Elastane 369.06 dtex (Ne 16/1)
CP1 Cotton 83 dtex PET44 dtex Elastane 75.51% CO + 20.91%PET + 3.58%Elastane 369.06 dtex (Ne 16/1)
DT2 Cotton 55 dtex PET/PTT78 dtex Elastane 77.91% CO + 15.52% T400® + 6.57%Elastane 328.06 dtex (Ne 18/1)
DS2 Cotton 56 dtex PTT78 dtex Elastane 77.63% CO + 15.80% Solotex® + 6.57%Elastane 328.06 dtex (Ne 18/1)
DP2 Cotton 55 dtex PET78 dtex Elastane 77.75% CO + 15.68% PET + 6.57%Elastane 328.06 dtex (Ne 18/1)
CT2 Cotton 83 dtex PET/PTT78 dtex Elastane 73.34% CO + 20.82% T400® + 5.84%Elastane 369.06 dtex (Ne 16/1)
CS2 Cotton 84 dtex PTT78 dtex Elastane 73.09% CO + 21.07% Solotex® + 5.84%Elastane 369.06 dtex (Ne 16/1)
CP2 Cotton 83 dtex PET78 dtex Elastane 73.25% CO + 20.91% PET + 5.84%Elastane 369.06 dtex (Ne 16/1)
DT3 Cotton 55 dtex PET/PTT117 dtex Elastane 74.63% CO + 15.52% T400® + 9.85%Elastane 328.06 dtex (Ne 18/1)
DS3 Cotton 56 dtex PTT117 dtex Elastane 74.35% CO + 15.80% Solotex® + 9.85%Elastane 328.06 dtex (Ne 18/1)
DP3 Cotton 55 dtex PET117 dtex Elastane 74.47% CO + 15.68% PET + 9.85%Elastane 328.06 dtex (Ne 18/1)
CT3 Cotton 83 dtex PET/PTT117 dtex Elastane 70.43% CO + 20.82% T400® + 8.75%Elastane 369.06 dtex (Ne 16/1)
CS3 Cotton 84 dtex PTT117 dtex Elastane 70.18% CO + 21.07% Solotex® + 8.75%Elastane 369.06 dtex (Ne 16/1)
CP3 Cotton 83 dtex PET117 dtex Elastane 70.34% CO + 20.91% PET + 8.75%Elastane 369.06 dtex (Ne 16/1)
Język:
Angielski
Częstotliwość wydawania:
Volume Open
Dziedziny czasopisma:
Biznes i ekonomia, Zarządzanie biznesem, Informatyka biznesowa, Zarządzanie procesem, Chemia przemysłowa, Celuloza, papier i tekstylia, Nauka i technologia polimerów, Nauka o materiałach, Biomateriały i materiały naturalne
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