Relationship between activities of daily living and depression among older adults and the quality of life of family caregivers
, , , oraz | 14 sie 2018
O artykule
Article Category: Original Article
Data publikacji: 14 sie 2018
Zakres stron: 97 - 104
Otrzymano: 03 sty 2018
Przyjęty: 26 lut 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/fon-2018-0013
Słowa kluczowe
© 2018 Hui Xie, Pei-Wen Chen, Long Zhao, Xuan Sun, Xian-Jie Jia, published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.
Multiple linear regression analysis of factors affecting the quality of life of family caregivers.
| Dependent variables | Independent variables | SE | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PCS R2=0.536 | Age | –1.37 | 0.24 | –0.30 | –5.69 | 0.000 |
| Level of education | –1.55 | 2.46 | –0.03 | –0.63 | 0.529 | |
| Employment status | ||||||
| Retired | –1.85 | 8.48 | –0.13 | –0.22 | 0.828 | |
| Plan to retire | 16.05 | 18.13 | 0.04 | 0.89 | 0.377 | |
| Never employed | 8.67 | 8.14 | 0.05 | 1.07 | 0.288 | |
| Other | 9.32 | 7.49 | 0.06 | 1.24 | 0.214 | |
| Monthly income | 1.55 | 2.42 | 0.03 | 0.64 | 0.523 | |
| Number of chronic diseases | –20.65 | 3.70 | –0.28 | –5.59 | 0.000 | |
| ADL of the older adults | –1.38 | 0.39 | –0.18 | –3.52 | 0.000 | |
| Depressive symptoms of the older adults | –1.40 | 0.48 | –0.15 | –2.92 | 0.004 | |
| MCS R2=0.385 | Age | –0.53 | 0.22 | –0.13 | –2.44 | 0.015 |
| Employment status | ||||||
| Retired | –8.52 | 6.57 | –0.07 | –1.30 | 0.195 | |
| Plan to retire | –9.81 | 17.21 | –0.03 | –0.57 | 0.569 | |
| Never employed | 4.64 | 7.56 | 0.03 | 0.61 | 0.540 | |
| Other | 9.36 | 7.11 | 0.07 | 1.32 | 0.189 | |
| Monthly income | –1.96 | 2.26 | –0.05 | –0.87 | 0.386 | |
| Number of chronic diseases | –9.47 | 3.59 | –0.15 | –2.63 | 0.009 | |
| ADL of the older adults | –2.07 | 0.33 | –3.00 | –6.24 | 0.000 | |
| Depressive symptoms of the older adults | –1.15 | 0.42 | –0.14 | –2.76 | 0.006 | |
| Age | –1.91 | 0.41 | –0.24 | –4.70 | 0.000 | |
| Employment status | ||||||
| Retired | –1.37 | 15.13 | –0.01 | –0.09 | 0.928 | |
| Total quality of life scores R2=0.489 | Plan to retire | 8.35 | 32.33 | 0.012 | 0.26 | 0.796 |
| Never employed | 16.49 | 14.51 | 0.056 | 1.14 | 0.257 | |
| Other | 19.51 | 13.36 | 0.068 | 1.46 | 0.145 | |
| Monthly income | –1.10 | 4.23 | –0.01 | –0.26 | 0.795 | |
| Number of chronic diseases | –29.67 | 6.73 | –0.23 | –4.41 | 0.000 | |
| ADL of the older adults | –3.45 | 0.67 | –0.25 | –5.18 | 0.000 | |
| Depressive symptoms of the older adults | –2.55 | 0.83 | –0.18 | –3.09 | 0.002 |
The influence of older persons’ ADL and depressive symptoms on the quality of life of family caregivers (N=395).
| Quality of life of family caregivers | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Variables | |||
| PCS | MCS | Total score | |
| Normal | 283±61 | 269±59 | 553±115 |
| Decline in functioning | 284±56 | 257±49 | 541±98 |
| Significant impairment in functioning | 263±59 | 222±42 | 485±92 |
| | 4.69 | 20.36 | 12.23 |
| | 0.010 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| No depression | 290±52 | 259±48 | 549±91 |
| Mild depression | 269±61 | 240±50 | 510±103 |
| Moderate to severe depression | 274±71 | 244±60 | 519±115 |
| | 5.84 | 6.17 | 7.10 |
| | 0.003 | 0.002 | 0.001 |
PCS, MCS, and total quality of life scores of family caregivers (N=395).
| Variables | PCS | MCS | Total score | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.21 | 0.837 | 0.94 | 0.341 | 0.60 | 0.549 | |||||
| Male | 172 | 276±62 | 249±50 | 524±105 | ||||||
| Female | 223 | 282±55 | 250±51 | 532±97 | ||||||
| | 2.93 | <0.001 | 1.66 | 0.005 | 2.26 | <0.001 | ||||
| 20–39 | 61 | 284±56 | 259±52 | 543±101 | ||||||
| 40–59 | 221 | 278±60 | 246±49 | 524±101 | ||||||
| ≥60 | 113 | 272±55 | 234±44 | 506±88 | ||||||
| 0.08 | 0.973 | 0.02 | 0.997 | 0.03 | 0.993 | |||||
| Married | 371 | 284±47 | 251±61 | 535±94 | ||||||
| Unmarried | 16 | 279±59 | 249±50 | 528±101 | ||||||
| Other | 8 | 284±46 | 248±58 | 532±101 | ||||||
| 4.63 | <0.001 | 0.26 | 0.936 | 1.99 | 0.080 | |||||
| Illiterate | 45 | 252±66 | 243±60 | 495±120 | ||||||
| Primary school | 67 | 270±70 | 252±57 | |||||||
| Junior–high school | 139 | 287±53 | 251±48 | 522±116 | ||||||
| High school | 95 | 282±49 | 248±45 | 538±94 | ||||||
| Junior college | 37 | 302±45 | 250±38 | 530±87 | ||||||
| Bachelor’s or above | 12 | 257±64 | 243±75 | 552±75 | ||||||
| 9.48 | <0.001 | 2.50 | 0.042 | 6.22 | <0.001 | |||||
| Employed | 198 | 290±50 | 252±46 | 542±88 | ||||||
| Retired | 80 | 248±68 | 238±57 | 485±114 | ||||||
| Plan to retire | 8 | 271±64 | 222±69 | 493±158 | ||||||
| Never employed | 53 | 271±92 | 248±53 | 521±110 | ||||||
| Others | 56 | 295±39 | 260±48 | 555±78 | ||||||
| 4.58 | 0.001 | 2.61 | 0.035 | 3.42 | 0.009 | |||||
| 0–499 | 26 | 266±63 | 236±41 | 502±100 | ||||||
| 500–999 | 76 | 258±68 | 243±58 | 501±120 | ||||||
| 1000–1999 | 110 | 282±52 | 257±54 | 539±96 | ||||||
| 2000–2999 | 102 | 293±52 | 257±47 | 549±90 | ||||||
| ≥3000 | 81 | 283±56 | 239±50 | 523±100 | ||||||
| 24.65 | <0.001 | 4.97 | 0.002 | 15.31 | <0.001 | |||||
| None | 253 | 295±47 | 255±45 | 550±84 | ||||||
| 1 | 103 | 260±60 | 241±51 | 501±100 | ||||||
| 2 | 23 | 238±71 | 243±75 | 481±141 | ||||||
| ≥3 | 16 | 214±73 | 214±66 | 529±100 |