MAB2.0 project: Integrating algae production into wastewater treatment

Balázs József Nagy; Magdolna Makó; István Erdélyi; Andrea Ramirez; Jonathan Moncada; Iris Vural Gursel; Ana Ruiz-Martínez; Aurora Seco; José Ferrer; Fabian Abiusi; Hans Reith; Lambertus A.M. van den Broek; Jordan Seira; Diana Garcia-Bernet; Jean-Philippe Steyer; Miklós Gyalai-Korpos

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MAB2.0 project: Integrating algae production into wastewater treatment

The EuroBiotech Journal

Tom 2 (2018): Zeszyt 1 (January 2018)

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Article Category: Review

Data publikacji: 06 lut 2018

Zakres stron: 10 - 23

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/ebtj-2018-0003

Słowa kluczowe
wastewater treatment, microalgae, bioresource

© 2018 Balázs József Nagy, Magdolna Makó, István Erdélyi, Andrea Ramirez, Jonathan Moncada, Iris Vural Gursel, Ana Ruiz-Martínez Aurora Seco, José Ferrer, Fabian Abiusi, Hans Reith, Lambertus A.M. van den Broek, Jordan Seira, Diana Garcia-Bernet, Jean-Philippe Steyer, Miklós Gyalai-Korpos, published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

Process flow of the North Budapest WWTP. Besides the membrane-type presses and the belt filter press, industrial centrifuges largely complement the final dewatering process not shown on the illustration.

From left to right: untreated AD effluent, settled and filtered samples.

Flow chart of the technology integration including the three tailorable modules.

Simplified flowsheet diagram of the microalgae integration system. Major equipment list: 1. Heat exchanger, 2. Blower, 3. Heat Exchanger, 4. Pump, 5. Settler, 6. Buffer tank, 7. Sand filter, 8. Pump, 9. Mixer, 10. Heat exchanger, 11. Photobioreactor, 12. Degasing unit, 13. Membrane, 14. Blower, 15. Splitter, 16. Pump, 17. Pump, 18. Centrifuge, 19. Blower, 20. Heat Exchanger, 21. Dryer, 22. Heat Exchanger.

Average photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) data and algal productivity data for Budapest as used for the modelling.

Changes of pH and nitrogen forms during operating of the open pond. Peaks in pH indicate the feeding of treated AD effluent (dashed vertical lines) which quickly falls due to ammonium loss and conversion. Peaks not marked are due to evaporation replenishing with tap water.

Quality of pre-treated AD effluent and its difference between each batch. Data are shown in (mg L-1).

	May	June	July	August
pH	7.62	7.39	8.15	8.06
COD	615	1597	750	667
TSS	30	140	150	65
total-P	97	100	61	75
dissolved-P	68	56	58	36
N(NH₄-NH₃⁺)	683	622	930	872
organic-N	8	8	53	67
nitrite-N	0.010	0.036	0.041	0.023
nitrate-N	6.200	1.300	0.152	0.274
Ca	127	187	117	101
Mg	38	59	17	33
Cu	0.01	0.05	0.01	0.02
Cd	0.003	0.001	0.001	0.001
Ni	0.007	0.05	0.019	0.002
Pb	0.012	0.017	0.002	0.005
Mo	0.05	0.05	0.05	0.05
As	0.01	0.01	0.016	0.01
Cr	0.014	0.006	0.002	0.007
Fe	1.71	5.26	1.18	1.04

Annual average composition of the incoming raw wastewater and the AD effluent from the centrifuges, as well as the discharge threshold defined by legislation for the North Budapest WWTP. COD: Chemical Oxygen Demand, TSS: total suspended solids, TNK: total Kjeldahl nitrogen, TP: total phosphorus. The legal threshold on the total nitrogen content (35 mg L-1) also includes the ammonium nitrogen concentration (*). All concentrations are in mg L-1.

	pH	COD	Filtered COD	TSS	N(NH₃- NH₄)	NO₂^-	NO₃^-	TNK	PO₄-P	TP
Incoming raw wastewater
mean	7.7	575.8	-	313.7	55.3	0.49	1.5	71.4	15	10.4
error (±2SD)	0.55	427.9	-	301.4	30.6	1	3.4	33.5	11.4	7.8
AD effluent
mean	8.1	7572.9	675.3	7842.4	1376.1	-	-	1688.9	53.2	263.5
error (±2SD)	0.3	7801.1	347	8568.9	415.3	-	-	521.2	48.4	241.3
Legal thresholds
	6.5-9.0	125		35	10	35*				5

Volume of the AD effluent in 2017 (first 11 months) processed by different techniques at the North Budapest WWTP.

	Thickening table (m³)	Centrifuge (m³)	Press (m³)	Belt press (m³)	Total (m³)
Monthly average volume (m³)	19 886.61	25 965.42	3 029.19	8 032.57	52 381.40
error (±2SD)	±6795.47	±9019.76	±1665.19	±11984.39	±9290.88
Annual total volume (m³)	218 752.73	285 619.61	33 321.04	32 130.29	576 195.38

Heavy metal content analysis from two different batches of the harvested microalgae biomass, and food contact material limit. The symbol (*) shows the concentration value is close to the limit and the symbol (**) means the value exceeds the limit.

	As μg kg^-1	Cd μg kg^-1	Co μg kg^-1	Cr μg kg^-1	Cu mg kg^-1	Mo μg kg^-1
Batch 2	2674*	52.1	567	4833	84.6**	650*
Batch 3	1848	80.8	631	6072	38.5*	1195**
Limit	5000	500	-	50000	50	1000
	Ni μg kg^-1	Pb μg kg^-1	Zn mg kg^-1	F mg kg^-1	Se mg kg^-1	Hg mg kg^-1
Batch 2	24986*	2638	145*	56.04*	1.53**	1.02**
Batch 3	2166	4306	255**	184.4**	1.02**	1.02**
Limit	25000	50000	150	100	0.75	0.5

Different input sources used to feed the anaerobic digesters at North Budapest WWTP (2016).

Type	Dry matter [tonnes/a]	Organic matter w/w%
Concentrated sludge from on-site	17900	73
Slaughterhouse waste	2300	83
Dewatered sludge from other WWTPs	1000	69
External liquid waste	360	75

Chemical analysis of the unknown precipitation, data in mg kg-1. TC: total carbon, TN: total nitrogen, TP: total phosphorus, TS: total sulfur.

					Precipitation
Na	B	Mn	TC	Zn	Ca	Cu	TN	TP	Mo	Hg
1100	825	649	194800	142	208000	60.5	27550	103877	22.5	0.5
Se	TS	K	Pb	Fe	Mg	As	Co	Ni	Cd
9.02	3880	0.36	4.6	6.06	4830	1	0.54	0.79	0.2

Settling time of the AD effluent used for growing microalgae at the case study location of the North Budapest WWTP.

Month of refilling	Settling time (day)	Recovered clean AD effluent (m³)
April	34	3
May	23	8
June	27	5
August	13	7

Mass balance table. The results are calculated from the added AD effluent composition, current nutrient concentrations and in form of microalgae biomass (both harvested and remaining in the pond) as remaining biomass composition.

	Input in AD effluent	Current nutrient concentrations	In form of microalgae	Loss
Nitrogen	100%	41%	4%	55%
Phosphorus	100%	22%	40%	38%

eISSN:: 2564-615X
Język:: Angielski

Częstotliwość wydawania:: 4 razy w roku
Dziedziny czasopisma:: Life Sciences, other, Medicine, Biomedical Engineering, Physics, Nanotechnology, Biophysics

Kanał RSS czasopisma

MAB2.0 project: Integrating algae production into wastewater treatment

Article Category: Review

Data publikacji: 06 lut 2018

Zakres stron: 10 - 23

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/ebtj-2018-0003

Słowa kluczowe
wastewater treatment, microalgae, bioresource

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Figure 6

Quality of pre-treated AD effluent and its difference between each batch. Data are shown in (mg L-1).

Volume of the AD effluent in 2017 (first 11 months) processed by different techniques at the North Budapest WWTP.

Heavy metal content analysis from two different batches of the harvested microalgae biomass, and food contact material limit. The symbol (*) shows the concentration value is close to the limit and the symbol (**) means the value exceeds the limit.

Different input sources used to feed the anaerobic digesters at North Budapest WWTP (2016).

Chemical analysis of the unknown precipitation, data in mg kg-1. TC: total carbon, TN: total nitrogen, TP: total phosphorus, TS: total sulfur.

Settling time of the AD effluent used for growing microalgae at the case study location of the North Budapest WWTP.

Mass balance table. The results are calculated from the added AD effluent composition, current nutrient concentrations and in form of microalgae biomass (both harvested and remaining in the pond) as remaining biomass composition.

MAB2.0 project: Integrating algae production into wastewater treatment

Article Category: Review

Data publikacji: 06 lut 2018

Zakres stron: 10 - 23

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/ebtj-2018-0003

Słowa kluczowewastewater treatment, microalgae, bioresource

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Figure 6

Quality of pre-treated AD effluent and its difference between each batch. Data are shown in (mg L-1).

Volume of the AD effluent in 2017 (first 11 months) processed by different techniques at the North Budapest WWTP.

Heavy metal content analysis from two different batches of the harvested microalgae biomass, and food contact material limit. The symbol (*) shows the concentration value is close to the limit and the symbol (**) means the value exceeds the limit.

Different input sources used to feed the anaerobic digesters at North Budapest WWTP (2016).

Chemical analysis of the unknown precipitation, data in mg kg-1. TC: total carbon, TN: total nitrogen, TP: total phosphorus, TS: total sulfur.

Settling time of the AD effluent used for growing microalgae at the case study location of the North Budapest WWTP.

Mass balance table. The results are calculated from the added AD effluent composition, current nutrient concentrations and in form of microalgae biomass (both harvested and remaining in the pond) as remaining biomass composition.

Słowa kluczowe
wastewater treatment, microalgae, bioresource