Evidence of Improvements to Arterial Stiffness Among Regular Users of Combustible Cigarettes – Effect of Inhalation of β-Caryophyllene: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
GBD 2021 Causes of Death Collaborators: Global Burden of 288 Causes of Death and Life Expectancy Decomposition in 204 Countries and Territories and 811 Subnational Locations, 1990–2021: A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021; Lancet 403 (2024) 2100–2132. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(24)00367-2GBD 2021 Causes of Death CollaboratorsGlobal Burden of 288 Causes of Death and Life Expectancy Decomposition in 204 Countries and Territories and 811 Subnational Locations, 1990–2021: A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021Lancet40320242100213210.1016/S0140-6736(24)00367-2Open DOI
Wang, S., C. Zhang, M. Zhang, B. Liang, H. Zhu, J. Lee, B. Viollet, L. Xia, Y. Zhang, and M.H. Zou: Activation of AMP-Activated Protein Kinase α2 by Nicotine Instigates Formation of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms in Mice In Vivo; Nat. Med. 18 (2012) 902–910. DOI: 10.1038/nm.2711WangS.ZhangC.ZhangM.LiangB.ZhuH.LeeJ.ViolletB.XiaL.ZhangY.ZouM.H.Activation of AMP-Activated Protein Kinase α2 by Nicotine Instigates Formation of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms in Mice In VivoNat. Med.18201290291010.1038/nm.2711Open DOI
Reitsma, M.B., L.S. Flor, E.C. Mullany, V. Gupta, S.I. Hay, and E. Gakidou: Spatial, Temporal, and Demographic Patterns in Prevalence of Smoking Tobacco Use and Attributable Disease Burden in 204 Countries and Territories, 1990–2019: A Systematic Analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019; Lancet 397 (2021) 2337–2360. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(21)01169-7ReitsmaM.B.FlorL.S.MullanyE.C.GuptaV.Hay S.I.GakidouE.Spatial, Temporal, and Demographic Patterns in Prevalence of Smoking Tobacco Use and Attributable Disease Burden in 204 Countries and Territories, 1990–2019: A Systematic Analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019Lancet39720212337236010.1016/S0140-6736(21)01169-7Open DOI
Duthie, S.J., A. Ma, M.A. Ross, and A.R. Collins: Antioxidant Supplementation Decreases Oxidative DNA Damage in Human Lymphocytes; Cancer Res. 56 (1996) 1291–1295.DuthieS.J.MaA.RossM.A.CollinsA.R.Antioxidant Supplementation Decreases Oxidative DNA Damage in Human LymphocytesCancer Res.56199612911295Search in Google Scholar
DeRuiter, W. and G. Faulkner: Tobacco Harm Reduction Strategies: The Case for Physical Activity; Nicotine Tob. Res. 8 (2006) 157–168. DOI: 10.1080/14622200500494823DeRuiterW.FaulknerG.Tobacco Harm Reduction Strategies: The Case for Physical ActivityNicotine Tob. Res.8200615716810.1080/14622200500494823Open DOI
German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ): Menthol Capsules in Cigarette Filters – Increasing the Attractiveness of a Harmful Product; Red Series Tobacco Prevention and Tobacco Control, Vol. 17, DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany, 2012, 31 pp.German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)Menthol Capsules in Cigarette Filters – Increasing the Attractiveness of a Harmful ProductRed Series Tobacco Prevention and Tobacco Control17DKFZHeidelberg, Germany201231Search in Google Scholar
Jirovetz, L., G. Buchbauer, M.B. Ngassoum, and M. Geissler: Aroma Compound Analysis of Piper nigrum and Piper guineense Essential Oils from Cameroon Using Solid-Phase Microextraction-Gas Chromatography, Solid-Phase Microextraction-Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry and Olfactometry; J. Chromatogr. A 976 (2002) 265–275. DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(02)00376-xJirovetzL.BuchbauerG.NgassoumM.B.GeisslerM.Aroma Compound Analysis of Piper nigrum and Piper guineense Essential Oils from Cameroon Using Solid-Phase Microextraction-Gas Chromatography, Solid-Phase Microextraction-Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry and OlfactometryJ. Chromatogr. A976200226527510.1016/s0021-9673(02)00376-xOpen DOI
Alma, M.H., M. Ertaş, S. Nitz, and H. Kollmannsberger: Chemical Composition and Content of Essential Oil from the Bud of Cultivated Turkish Clove (Syzygium aromaticum L.); BioResources 2 (2007) 265–269. DOI: 10.15376/biores.2.2.265-269AlmaM.H.ErtaşM.NitzS.KollmannsbergerH.Chemical Composition and Content of Essential Oil from the Bud of Cultivated Turkish Clove (Syzygium aromaticum L.)BioResources2200726526910.15376/biores.2.2.265-269Open DOI
Adams, T.B., C.L. Gavin, M.M. McGowen, W.J. Waddell, S.M. Cohen, V.J. Feron, L.J. Marnett, I.C. Munro, P.S. Portoghese, I.M. Rietjens, and R.L. Smith: The FEMA GRAS Assessment of Aliphatic and Aromatic Terpene Hydrocarbons Used as Flavor Ingredients; Food Chem. Toxicol. 49 (2011) 2471–2494. DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2011.06.011.AdamsT.B.GavinC.L.McGowenM.M.WaddellW.J.CohenS.M.FeronV.J.MarnettL.J.MunroI.C.PortogheseP.S.RietjensI.M.SmithR.L.The FEMA GRAS Assessment of Aliphatic and Aromatic Terpene Hydrocarbons Used as Flavor IngredientsFood Chem. Toxicol.4920112471249410.1016/j.fct.2011.06.011Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Gertsch, J., M. Leonti, S. Raduner, I. Racz, J.Z. Chen, X.Q. Xie, K.H. Altmann, M. Karsak, and A. Zimmer: Beta-Caryophyllene is a Dietary Cannabinoid; Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 105 (2008) 9099–9104. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0803601105GertschJ.LeontiM.RadunerS.RaczI.ChenJ.Z.XieX.Q.AltmannK.H.KarsakM.ZimmerA.Beta-Caryophyllene is a Dietary CannabinoidProc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.10520089099910410.1073/pnas.0803601105Open DOI
Wu, C., Y. Jia, J.H. Lee, H.J. Jun, H.S. Lee, K.Y. Hwang, and S.J. Lee: Trans-Caryophyllene is a Natural Agonistic Ligand for Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-α; Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 24 (2014) 3168–3174. DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2014.04.112WuC.JiaY.LeeJ.H.JunH.J.LeeH.S.HwangK.Y.LeeS.J.Trans-Caryophyllene is a Natural Agonistic Ligand for Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-αBioorg. Med. Chem. Lett.2420143168317410.1016/j.bmcl.2014.04.112Open DOI
Scandiffio, R., F. Geddo, E. Cottone, G. Querio, S. Antoniotti, M.P. Gallo, M.E. Maffei, and P. Bovolin: Protective Effects of (E)-β-Caryophyllene (BCP) in Chronic Inflammation; Nutrients 12 (2020) 3273. DOI: 10.3390/nu12113273ScandiffioR.GeddoF.CottoneE.QuerioG.AntoniottiS.GalloM.P.MaffeiM.E.BovolinP.Protective Effects of (E)-β-Caryophyllene (BCP) in Chronic InflammationNutrients122020327310.3390/nu12113273Open DOI
Hashiesh, H.M., M.F.N. Meeran, C. Sharma, B. Sadek, J.A. Kaabi, and S.K. Ojha: Therapeutic Potential of β-Caryophyllene: A Dietary Cannabinoid in Diabetes and Associated Complications; Nutrients 12 (2020) 2963. DOI: 10.3390/nu12102963HashieshH.M.MeeranM.F.N.SharmaC.SadekB.KaabiJ.A.OjhaS.K.Therapeutic Potential of β-Caryophyllene: A Dietary Cannabinoid in Diabetes and Associated ComplicationsNutrients122020296310.3390/nu12102963Open DOI
Srivastava, A., Subhashini, V. Pandey, V. Yadav, S. Singh, and R. Srivastava: Potential of Hydroethanolic Leaf Extract of Ocimum sanctum in Ameliorating Redox Status and Lung Injury in COPD: An In Vivo and In Silico Study; Sci. Rep. 13 (2023) 1131. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-27543-1SrivastavaA.PandeySubhashini, V.YadavV.SinghS.SrivastavaR.Potential of Hydroethanolic Leaf Extract of Ocimum sanctum in Ameliorating Redox Status and Lung Injury in COPD: An In Vivo and In Silico StudySci. Rep.132023113110.1038/s41598-023-27543-1Open DOI
Di Giacomo, S., G. Mazzanti, and A. Di Sotto: Mutagenicity of Cigarette Butt Waste in the Bacterial Reverse Mutation Assay: The Protective Effects of β-Caryophyllene and β-Caryophyllene Oxide; Environ. Toxicol. 31 (2016) 1319–1328. DOI: 10.1002/tox.22136Di GiacomoS.MazzantiG.Di SottoA.Mutagenicity of Cigarette Butt Waste in the Bacterial Reverse Mutation Assay: The Protective Effects of β-Caryophyllene and β-Caryophyllene OxideEnviron. Toxicol.3120161319132810.1002/tox.22136Open DOI
Fidyt, K., A. Fiedorowicz, L. Strządała, and A. Szumny: β-Caryophyllene and β-Caryophyllene Oxide – Natural Compounds of Anticancer and Analgesic Properties; Cancer Med. 5 (2016) 3007–3017. DOI: 10.1002/cam4.816FidytK.FiedorowiczA.StrządałaL.SzumnyA.β-Caryophyllene and β-Caryophyllene Oxide – Natural Compounds of Anticancer and Analgesic PropertiesCancer Med.520163007301710.1002/cam4.816Open DOI
Lei, J., Q. Wang, G. Li, Y. Li, P. Zhang, and G. Xu: β-Caryophyllene from Chilli Pepper Inhibits the Proliferation of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells by Affecting miR-659-3p-Targeted Sphingosine Kinase 1 (SphK1); Int. J. Gen. Med. 14 (2021) 9599–9613. DOI: 10.2147/IJGM.S338513LeiJ.WangQ.LiG.LiY.ZhangP.XuG.β-Caryophyllene from Chilli Pepper Inhibits the Proliferation of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells by Affecting miR-659-3p-Targeted Sphingosine Kinase 1 (SphK1)Int. J. Gen. Med.1420219599961310.2147/IJGM.S338513Open DOI
Takemoto, Y., C. Kishi, Y. Sugiura, Y. Yoshioka, S. Matsumura, T. Moriyama, and N. Zaima: Distribution of Inhaled Volatile β-Caryophyllene and Dynamic Changes of Liver Metabolites in Mice; Sci. Rep. 11 (2021) 1728. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-81181-zTakemotoY.KishiC.SugiuraY.YoshiokaY.MatsumuraS.MoriyamaT.ZaimaN.Distribution of Inhaled Volatile β-Caryophyllene and Dynamic Changes of Liver Metabolites in MiceSci. Rep.112021172810.1038/s41598-021-81181-zOpen DOI
Kishi, C., M. Higashihara, Y. Takemoto, M. Kamei, Y. Yoshioka, S. Matsumura, K. Yamada, T. Kobayashi, Y. Matahira, T. Moriyama, T. Moriyama, and N. Zaima: Inhaled Volatile β-Caryophyllene is Incorporated into the Aortic Wall and Attenuates Nicotine-Induced Aorta Degeneration via a CB2 Receptor-Dependent Pathway; Biomed. Pharmacother. 153 (2022) 113423. DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113423KishiC.HigashiharaM.TakemotoY.KameiM.YoshiokaY.MatsumuraS.YamadaK.KobayashiT.MatahiraY.MoriyamaT.MoriyamaT.ZaimaN.Inhaled Volatile β-Caryophyllene is Incorporated into the Aortic Wall and Attenuates Nicotine-Induced Aorta Degeneration via a CB2 Receptor-Dependent PathwayBiomed. Pharmacother.153202211342310.1016/j.biopha.2022.113423Open DOI
Yamada, K., K. Toyota, Y. Tsunoda, Y. Matahira, S. Matsumura, Y. Yoshioka, N. Zaima, and N. Unno: Effects of Inhaled β-Caryophyllene on Vascular Stiffness in Smokers: A Randomized, Double Blind, Placebo Controlled Trial; Exp. Ther. Med. 25 (2023) 57. DOI: 10.3892/etm.2022.11756YamadaK.ToyotaK.TsunodaY.MatahiraY.MatsumuraS.YoshiokaY.ZaimaN.UnnoN.Effects of Inhaled β-Caryophyllene on Vascular Stiffness in Smokers: A Randomized, Double Blind, Placebo Controlled TrialExp. Ther. Med.2520235710.3892/etm.2022.11756Open DOI
Ninomiya, T., I. Kojima, Y. Doi, M. Fukuhara, Y. Hirakawa, J. Hata, T. Kitazono, and Y. Kiyohara: Brachial-Ankle Pulse Wave Velocity Predicts the Development of Cardiovascular Disease in a General Japanese Population: The Hisayama Study; J. Hypertens. 31 (2013) 477–83; Discussion 483. DOI: 10.1097/HJH.0b013e32835c5c23NinomiyaT.KojimaI.DoiY.FukuharaM.HirakawaY.HataJ.KitazonoT.KiyoharaY.Brachial-Ankle Pulse Wave Velocity Predicts the Development of Cardiovascular Disease in a General Japanese Population: The Hisayama StudyJ. Hypertens.31201347783Discussion 483.10.1097/HJH.0b013e32835c5c23Open DOI
Vlachopoulos, C., K. Aznaouridis, D. Terentes-Printzios, N. Ioakeimidis, and C. Stefanadis: Prediction of Cardiovascular Events and All-Cause Mortality with Brachial-Ankle Elasticity Index: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis; Hypertension 60 (2012) 556–562. DOI: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.112.194779VlachopoulosC.AznaouridisK.Terentes-PrintziosD.IoakeimidisN.StefanadisC.Prediction of Cardiovascular Events and All-Cause Mortality with Brachial-Ankle Elasticity Index: A Systematic Review and Meta-AnalysisHypertension60201255656210.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.112.194779Open DOI
Yuki, D., C. Sakaguchi, A. Kikuchi, and Y. Futamura: Pharmacokinetics of Nicotine Following the Controlled Use of a Prototype Novel Tobacco Vapor Product; Regulat. Toxicol. Pharmacol. 87 (2017) 30–35. DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2017.05.005YukiD.SakaguchiC.KikuchiA.FutamuraY.Pharmacokinetics of Nicotine Following the Controlled Use of a Prototype Novel Tobacco Vapor ProductRegulat. Toxicol. Pharmacol.872017303510.1016/j.yrtph.2017.05.005Open DOI
Vlachopoulos, C., M. O’Rourke, and W.W. Nichols: McDonald’s Blood Flow in Arteries – Theoretical, Experimental and Clinical Principles; 6th Edition, 2011, CRC Press, London, UK. DOI: 10.1201/b13568VlachopoulosC.O’RourkeM.NicholsW.W.McDonald’s Blood Flow in Arteries – Theoretical, Experimental and Clinical Principles6th Edition2011CRC PressLondon, UK10.1201/b13568Open DOI
Tan, I., M. Butlin, Y.Y. Liu, K. Ng, and A.P. Avolio: Heart Rate Dependence of Aortic Pulse Wave Velocity at Different Arterial Pressures in Rats; Hypertension 60 (2012) 528–533. DOI: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.112.194225TanI.ButlinM.LiuY.Y.NgK.AvolioA.P.Heart Rate Dependence of Aortic Pulse Wave Velocity at Different Arterial Pressures in RatsHypertension60201252853310.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.112.194225Open DOI
Tanaka, H., M. Munakata, Y. Kawano, M. Ohishi, T. Shoji, J. Sugawara, H. Tomiyama, A. Yamashina, H. Yasuda, T. Sawayama, and T. Ozawa: Comparison Between Carotid-Femoral and Brachial-Ankle Pulse Wave Velocity as Measures of Arterial Stiffness; J. Hypertens. 27 (2009) 2022–2027. DOI: 10.1097/HJH.0b013e32832e94e7TanakaH.MunakataM.KawanoY.OhishiM.ShojiT.SugawaraJ.TomiyamaH.YamashinaA.YasudaH.SawayamaT.OzawaT.Comparison Between Carotid-Femoral and Brachial-Ankle Pulse Wave Velocity as Measures of Arterial StiffnessJ. Hypertens.2720092022202710.1097/HJH.0b013e32832e94e7Open DOI
Yamashina, A., H. Tomiyama, T. Arai, K. Hirose, Y. Koji, Y. Hirayama, Y. Yamamoto, and S. Hori: Brachial-Ankle Pulse Wave Velocity as a Marker of Atherosclerotic Vascular Damage and Cardiovascular Risk; Hypertens. Res. 26 (2003) 615–622. DOI: 10.1291/hypres.26.615YamashinaA.TomiyamaH.AraiT.HiroseK.KojiY.HirayamaY.YamamotoY.HoriS.Brachial-Ankle Pulse Wave Velocity as a Marker of Atherosclerotic Vascular Damage and Cardiovascular RiskHypertens. Res.26200361562210.1291/hypres.26.615Open DOI
Tomiyama, H., C. Matsumoto, J. Yamada, M. Yoshida, M. Odaira, K. Shiina, M. Nagata, and A. Yamashina: Predictors of Progression from Prehypertension to Hypertension in Japanese Men; Am. J. Hypertens. 22 (2009) 630–636. DOI: 10.1038/ajh.2009.49TomiyamaH.MatsumotoC.YamadaJ.YoshidaM.OdairaM.ShiinaK.NagataM.YamashinaA.Predictors of Progression from Prehypertension to Hypertension in Japanese MenAm. J. Hypertens.22200963063610.1038/ajh.2009.49Open DOI
Uemura, H., S. Katsuura-Kamano, M. Nakamoto, M. Yamaguchi, M. Fujioka, Y. Iwasaki, and K. Arisawa: Inverse Association Between Soy Food Consumption, Especially Fermented Soy Products Intake and Soy Isoflavone, and Arterial Stiffness in Japanese Men; Sci. Rep. 8 (2018) 9667. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-28038-0UemuraH.Katsuura-KamanoS.NakamotoM.YamaguchiM.FujiokaM.IwasakiY.ArisawaK.Inverse Association Between Soy Food Consumption, Especially Fermented Soy Products Intake and Soy Isoflavone, and Arterial Stiffness in Japanese MenSci. Rep.82018966710.1038/s41598-018-28038-0Open DOI
Hongo, M., H. Tsutsui, E. Mawatari, H. Hidaka, S. Kumazaki, Y. Yazaki, M. Takahashi, O. Kinoshita, and U. Ikeda: Fluvastatin Improves Arterial Stiffness in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease and Hyperlipidemia: A 5-Year Follow-Up Study; Circ. J. 72 (2008) 722–728. DOI: 10.1253/circj.72.722HongoM.TsutsuiH.MawatariE.HidakaH.KumazakiS.YazakiY.TakahashiM.KinoshitaO.IkedaU.Fluvastatin Improves Arterial Stiffness in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease and Hyperlipidemia: A 5-Year Follow-Up StudyCirc. J.72200872272810.1253/circj.72.722Open DOI
Jia, X., M. Wei, X. Fu, X. Gu, W. Fan, J. Zhang, and L. Xue: Intensive Cholesterol-Lowering Therapy Improves Large Artery Elasticity in Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients; Heart Vessels 24 (2009) 340–346. DOI: 10.1007/s00380-008-1132-zJiaX.WeiM.FuX.GuX.FanW.ZhangJ.XueL.Intensive Cholesterol-Lowering Therapy Improves Large Artery Elasticity in Acute Myocardial Infarction PatientsHeart Vessels24200934034610.1007/s00380-008-1132-zOpen DOI
Tanaka, A., H. Tomiyama, T. Maruhashi, Y. Matsuzawa, T. Miyoshi, T. Kabutoya, K. Kario, S. Sugiyama, M. Munakata, H. Ito, S. Ueda, C. Vlachopoulos, Y. Higashi, T. Inoue, and K. Node; Physiological Diagnosis Criteria for Vascular Failure Committee: Physiological Diagnostic Criteria for Vascular Failure; Hypertension 72 (2018) 1060–1071. DOI: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.118.11554TanakaA.TomiyamaH.MaruhashiT.MatsuzawaY.MiyoshiT.KabutoyaT.KarioK.SugiyamaS.MunakataM.ItoH.UedaS.VlachopoulosC.HigashiY.InoueT.NodeK.Physiological Diagnosis Criteria for Vascular Failure CommitteePhysiological Diagnostic Criteria for Vascular FailureHypertension7220181060107110.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.118.11554Open DOI
Huang, J., Z. Chen, J. Yuan, C. Zhang, H. Chen, W. Wu, Z. Chen, Y. Liu, M. Zheng, S. Chen, S. Wu, and Y. Chen: Association Between Body Mass Index (BMI) and Brachial-Ankle Pulse Wave Velocity (baPWV) in Males with Hypertension: A Community-Based Cross-Section Study in North China; Med. Sci. Monit. 25 (2019) 5241–5257. DOI: 10.12659/MSM.914881HuangJ.ChenZ.YuanJ.ZhangC.ChenH.WuW.ChenZ.LiuY.ZhengM.ChenS.WuS.ChenY.Association Between Body Mass Index (BMI) and Brachial-Ankle Pulse Wave Velocity (baPWV) in Males with Hypertension: A Community-Based Cross-Section Study in North ChinaMed. Sci. Monit.2520195241525710.12659/MSM.914881Open DOI
Zheng, M., X. Zhang, S. Chen, Y. Song, Q. Zhao, X. Gao, and S. Wu: Arterial Stiffness Preceding Diabetes: A Longitudinal Study; Circ. Res. 127 (2020) 1491– 1498. DOI: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.120.317950ZhengM.ZhangX.ChenS.SongY.ZhaoQ.GaoX.WuS.Arterial Stiffness Preceding Diabetes: A Longitudinal StudyCirc. Res.12720201491149810.1161/CIRCRESAHA.120.317950Open DOI
Tian, X., Y. Zuo, S. Chen, Y. Zhang, X. Zhang, Q. Xu, S. Wu, and A. Wang: Hypertension, Arterial Stiffness, and Diabetes: A Prospective Cohort Study; Hypertension 79 (2022) 1487–1496. DOI: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.122.19256TianX.ZuoY.ChenS.ZhangY.ZhangX.XuQ.WuS.WangA.Hypertension, Arterial Stiffness, and Diabetes: A Prospective Cohort StudyHypertension7920221487149610.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.122.19256Open DOI
Tomiyama, H., K. Takazawa, S. Osa, K. Hirose, A. Hirai, T. Iketani, M. Monden, K. Sanoyama, and A. Yamashina: Do Eicosapentaenoic Acid Supplements Attenuate Age-Related Increases in Arterial Stiffness in Patients with Dyslipidemia?: A Preliminary Study; Hypertens. Res. 28 (2005) 651–655. DOI: 10.1291/hypres.28.651TomiyamaH.TakazawaK.OsaS.HiroseK.HiraiA.IketaniT.MondenM.SanoyamaK.YamashinaA.Do Eicosapentaenoic Acid Supplements Attenuate Age-Related Increases in Arterial Stiffness in Patients with Dyslipidemia?: A Preliminary StudyHypertens. Res.28200565165510.1291/hypres.28.651Open DOI
Graham, E.S., C.E. Angel, L.E. Schwarcz, P.R. Dunbar, and M. Glass: Detailed Characterisation of CB2 Receptor Protein Expression in Peripheral Blood Immune Cells from Healthy Human Volunteers Using Flow Cytometry; Int. J. Immunopathol. Pharmacol. 23 (2010) 25–34. DOI: 10.1177/039463201002300103GrahamE.S.AngelC.E.SchwarczL.E.DunbarP.R.GlassM.Detailed Characterisation of CB2 Receptor Protein Expression in Peripheral Blood Immune Cells from Healthy Human Volunteers Using Flow CytometryInt. J. Immunopathol. Pharmacol.232010253410.1177/039463201002300103Open DOI
Youssef, D.A., H.M. El-Fayoumi, and M.F. Mahmoud: Beta-Caryophyllene Protects Against Diet-Induced Dyslipidemia and Vascular Inflammation in Rats: Involvement of CB2 and PPAR-γ Receptors; Chem. Biol. Interact. 297 (2019) 16–24. DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2018.10.010YoussefD.A.El-FayoumiH.M.MahmoudM.F.Beta-Caryophyllene Protects Against Diet-Induced Dyslipidemia and Vascular Inflammation in Rats: Involvement of CB2 and PPAR-γ ReceptorsChem. Biol. Interact.2972019162410.1016/j.cbi.2018.10.010Open DOI
Yamashina, A., H. Tomiyama, T. Arai, Y. Koji, M. Yambe, H. Motobe, Z. Glunizia, Y. Yamamoto, and S. Hori: Nomogram of the Relation of Brachial-Ankle Pulse Wave Velocity with Blood Pressure; Hypertens. Res. 26 (2003) 801–806. DOI: 10.1291/hypres.26.801YamashinaA.TomiyamaH.AraiT.KojiY.YambeM.MotobeH.GluniziaZ.YamamotoY.HoriS.Nomogram of the Relation of Brachial-Ankle Pulse Wave Velocity with Blood PressureHypertens. Res.26200380180610.1291/hypres.26.801Open DOI
Ware, J.E. and C.D. Sherboune: The MOS 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36). I. Conceptual Framework and Item Selection; Med. Care 30 (1992) 473–489.WareJ.E.SherbouneC.D.The MOS 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36). I. Conceptual Framework and Item SelectionMed. Care301992473489Search in Google Scholar
McHorney, C.A., J.E. Ware, and A.E. Raczek: The MOS 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36): II. Psychometric and Clinical Tests of Validity in Measuring Physical and Mental Health Constructs; Med. Care 31 (1993) 247–263. DOI: 10.1097/00005650-199303000-00006McHorneyC.A.WareJ.E.RaczekA.E.The MOS 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36): II. Psychometric and Clinical Tests of Validity in Measuring Physical and Mental Health ConstructsMed. Care31199324726310.1097/00005650-199303000-00006Open DOI