[1. IARC: Chemistry and analysis of tobacco smoke; in: Evaluation of the carcinogenic risk of chemicals to humans: Tobacco smoking; IARC, Lyon, France, IARC Monograph 38 (1986) 83–126, 387–394.]Search in Google Scholar
[2. Smith, C.J., T.A. Perfetti, M.A. Rumple, A. Rodgman, and D.J. Doolittle: “IARC Group 2B carcinogens” reported in cigarette mainstream smoke; Food Chem. Toxicol. 39 (2001) 183–205.]Search in Google Scholar
[3. Wynder, E.L. and G.F Wright: A study of tobacco carcino-genesis. I. The primary fractions; Cancer 10 (1957) 255–271; Wynder, E.L., G.F Wright, and J. Lam: A study of tobacco carcinogenesis. V. The role of pyrolysis; Cancer 11 (1958) 1140–1148.]Search in Google Scholar
[4. Lyons, M.J.: Presence of 1,2,3,4-dibenzopyrene in cigarette smoke; Nature 182 (1958) 178.]Search in Google Scholar
[5. Van Duuren, B.L.: The polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons in cigarette-smoke condensate. II; J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 21 (1958) 623–630.]Search in Google Scholar
[6. Rodgman, A. and L.C. Cook: The analysis of cigarette smoke condensate. XIV. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; RDR, 1960, No. 20, May 26, see www.rjrtdocs.com. 501008592 -8660.]Search in Google Scholar
[7. Pyriki, C.: Polycyclische und aliphatische Kohlenwasserstoffe des Tabakrauches [Polycyclic and aliphatic hydrocarbons of tobacco smoke]; Die Nahrung 7 (1963) 439–448.]Search in Google Scholar
[8. Lavit-Lamy, D. and N.P. Buu-Hoï: The true nature of “dibenzo[a,l]pyrene” and its known derivatives; Chem. Comm. 4 (1966) 92–94.]Search in Google Scholar
[9. Snook, M.E., R.F. Severson, R.F. Arrendale, H.C. Higman, and O.T. Chortyk: The identification of high molecular weight polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons in a biologically active fraction of cigarette smoke condensate; Beitr. Tabakforsch. Int. 9 (1977) 79–101.]Search in Google Scholar
[10. Hoffmann, D. and E.L. Wynder: Selective reduction of the tumorigenicity of tobacco smoke. Experimental approaches; in: Toward a less harmful cigarette, edited by E.L. Wynder and D. Hoffmann, Natl. Cancer Inst. Monograph 28 (1968) 151–172, see p. 155, Table 2, Footnote §.]Search in Google Scholar
[11. IARC: Dibenzo[a,e]fluoranthene; in: Evaluation of the carcinogenic risk of chemicals to humans: Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons. Part 1, Chemical, environmental and experimental data; IARC, Lyon, France, IARC Monograph 32 (1986) 321–325.]Search in Google Scholar
[12. Hecht, S.S.: Tobacco smoke carcinogens and lung cancer; J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 91 (1999) 1194–1210.10.1093/jnci/91.14.119410413421]Search in Google Scholar
[13. Snook, M.E., R.F. Severson, R.F. Arrendale, H.C. Higman, and O.T. Chortyk: Multi-alkylated polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons of tobacco smoke: Separation and identification; Beitr. Tabakforsch. Int. 9 (1978) 222–247.]Search in Google Scholar
[14. Snook, M.E., R.F. Severson, H.C. Higman, R.F. Arrendale, and O.T. Chortyk: Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons of tobacco smoke: Isolation and identification; Beitr. Tabak-forsch. 8 (1976) 250–272.]Search in Google Scholar
[15. Snook, M.E., P.J. Fortson, and O.T. Chortyk: Isolation and identification of aza-arenes of tobacco smoke; Beitr. Tabak-forsch. Internat. 11 (1981) 67–78.]Search in Google Scholar
[16. Sasaki, T.A. and S.C. Moldoveanu: Determination of dibenz-acridines in the particulate phase of cigarette smoke; Beitr. Tabakforsch. Int. 19 (2000) 25–31.]Search in Google Scholar
[17. Heckman, R.A. and F.W. Best: An investigation of the lipophilic bases of cigarette smoke condensate; Tob. Sci. 25 (1981) 33–39.]Search in Google Scholar
[18. Newell, M.P., R.A. Heckman, R.F. Moates, C.R. Green, F.W. Best, and J.N. Schumacher: Isolation and identification of new components of the ether-soluble portion of cigarette smoke condensate; Tob. Sci. 22 (1978) 6–11.]Search in Google Scholar
[19. Schumacher, J.N., C.R. Green, F.W. Best, and M.P. Newell: Smoke composition. An extensive investigation of the water-soluble portion of cigarette smoke; J. Agr. Food Chem. 25 (1977) 310–320.]Search in Google Scholar
[20. Hoffmann, D. and S.S. Hecht: Advances in tobacco carcino-genesis; in: Chemical carcinogenesis and mutagenesis. I, edited by C.S. Cooper and P.L. Grover, Springer-Verlag, London, UK, 1990, Chapter 3, pp. 63–102.10.1007/978-3-642-74775-5_3]Search in Google Scholar
[21. Occupational Safety and Health Administration: Indoor air quality; Fed. Reg. 59 (No. 65) (1994) 15968–16039.]Search in Google Scholar
[22. Hoffmann, D. and I. Hoffmann: [Chemical studies on tobacco smoke. C]. The changing cigarette: 1950–1995; J. Toxicol. Environ. Hlth. 50 (1997) 307–364.]Search in Google Scholar
[23. Rothwell, K. and J.K. Whitehead: A method for the concentration of basic polycyclic heterocyclic compounds and the separation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from cigarette smoke condensate; Chem. and Ind. (London) (1969) 1628-1630.]Search in Google Scholar
[24. Dipple, A., R.C. Moschel, and C.A.H. Bigger: Polynuclear hydrocarbons; Chapter 2, in: Chemical carcinogens, Second edition, edited by C.E. Searle, Am. Chem. Soc. Monograph 182, American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, 1984, 41–163.]Search in Google Scholar
[25. Pietzsch, A.: Zum Nachweis von cancerogenen Kohlen-wasserstoffen im Tabakrauch [On the detection of carcino-genic hydrocarbons in tobacco smoke]; Naturwissenschaften 45 (1958) 445; Pharmazie (Berlin) 14 (1959) 466–473.]Search in Google Scholar
[26. Hartwell, J.L.: Survey of compounds which have been tested for carcinogenic activity; USPHS Publ. No. 149 (1947) Washington, DC; Survey of compounds which have been tested for carcinogenic activity; USPHS Publ. No. 149, 2nd Edition (1951) Washington, DC.]Search in Google Scholar
[27. Shubik, P. and J.L. Hartwell: Survey of compounds which have been tested for carcinogenic activity, Suppl. 1; USPHS Publ. No. 149 (1957) Washington, DC; Suppl. 2; USPHS Publ. No. 149 (1969) Washington, DC.]Search in Google Scholar
[28. Lee, M.L., M. Novotny, and K.D. Bartle: Gas chromatogra-phy/mass spectrometric and nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometric studies of carcinogenic polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons in tobacco and marijuana smoke condensate; Anal. Chem. 48 (1976) 405–416.]Search in Google Scholar
[29. Bonnet, J. and S. Neukomm: Sur la composition chimique de la fumée du tabac. I. Analyse de la fraction neutre [The chemical composition of tobacco smoke. I. Analysis of the neutral fraction]; Helv. Chim. Acta 39 (1956) 1724–1733.]Search in Google Scholar
[30. Brunnemann, K.D. and D. Hoffmann: Analysis of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons in the respiratory environment; Carc. Comp. Serv. 1 (1976) 283–297.]Search in Google Scholar
[31. Lyons, M.J. and H. Johnston: Chemical analysis of the neutral fraction of cigarette smoke tar; Brit. J. Cancer 11 (1957) 554–562.]Search in Google Scholar
[32. Rothwell, K. and J.K. Whitehead: A method for the isolation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from complex hydrocar-bon mixtures; Chem. and Ind. (London) (1967) 784–786.]Search in Google Scholar
[33. Grimmer, G., K.W. Naujack, and G. Dettbarn: Gas chromato-graphic determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, aza-arenes, aromatic amines in the particle and vapour phase of mainstream and sidestream smoke of cigarettes; Toxicol. Lett. 35 (1987) 117–124.]Search in Google Scholar
[34. Klimisch, H.J. and S. Beiss: Separation of N-heterocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from polycyclic aromatic hydrocar-bons. Separation by ion-exchange chromatography and fractionation of cigarette smoke condensate; J. Chromatog. 128 (1976) 117–124.]Search in Google Scholar
[35. Pailer, M., K. Völlmin, C. Karninen, and H. Kuhn: Über das Vorkommen von primären und sekundären Aminen im Zigarettenrauch [On the occurrence of primary and secondary amines in cigarette smoke]; Fachl. Mitt. Österr. Tabakregie 10 (1969) 165–168.]Search in Google Scholar
[36. Brunnemann, K.D., H.C. Lee, and D. Hoffmann: Chemical studies on tobacco smoke. XLVII. On the quantitative analysis of catechols and their reduction; Anal. Lett. 9 (1976) 939–955.]Search in Google Scholar
[37. IARC: Chemistry and analysis of tobacco smoke; in: Evaluation of the carcinogenic risk of chemicals to humans: Tobacco smoking; IARC, Lyon, France, IARC Monograph 38 (1986) 86–87, Table 19.]Search in Google Scholar
[38. Rodgman, A. and L.C. Cook: The composition of cigarette smoke. XIII. Eugenol and isoeugenol from Turkish tobacco smoke; Tob. Sci. 8 (1964) 161–162.]Search in Google Scholar
[39. National Technical Information Service: Carcinogenesis studies of eugenol in F344/N rats and B6C3F1 mice (feed studies); TR-223 (NTIS # PB84-186402) (December 1983).]Search in Google Scholar
[40. National Technical Information Service: Developmental toxicity evaluation for isoeugenol administered by gavage to Sprague-Dawley (CD®) rats on gestational days 6 through 19; TER97006 (NTIS# PB2000-105138) (August 1999).]Search in Google Scholar
[41. Schmeltz, I., J. Tosk, G. Jacobs, and D. Hoffmann: Redox potential and quinone content of cigarette smoke; Anal. Chem. 49 (1977) 1924–1929.]Search in Google Scholar
[42. Takizawa, N.: Carcinogenic action of certain quinones; Gann 34 (1940) 1; Gann 34 (1940) 158; Gann 34 (1940) 327; Proc. Imp. Acad. Japan 16 (1941) 309.]Search in Google Scholar
[43. Tiedemann, H.: Does p-benzoquinone have a carcinogenic effect on local application? Z. Naturforsch. 8B (1953) 49–50.]Search in Google Scholar
[44. Benner, J.F., C.K. Keene, and T.W. Holt: Smoke analysis, condensate preparation and condensate fractionation; Proc. Univ. Kentucky Tob. Hlth. Workshop, 1973 Conf. Rpt., Lexington KY. 4 (1973) 408–420.]Search in Google Scholar
[45. Snook, M.E., P.J. Fortson, and O.T. Chortyk: Application of gel chromatography to characterize more completely the phenols of cigarette smoke; Tob. Sci. 24 (1980) 30–36.]Search in Google Scholar
[46. Kobashi, Y. and S. Sakaguchi: Free sugars in cigarette smoke; Tob. Sci. 3 (1959) 161–163; Sci. Papers, Cent. Res. Inst., Japan Monopoly Corp. 102 (1960) 16–19.]Search in Google Scholar
[47. Takizawa, N.: The carcinogenicity of simple sugars; Gann 32 (1938) 236–237; Gann 33 (1939) 193–195.]Search in Google Scholar
[48. Takizawa, N.: The carcinogenicity of simple sugars; Gann 34 (1940) 1–5.]Search in Google Scholar
[49. Holzer, G., J. Oró, and W. Bertsch: Gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric evaluation of exhaled tobacco smoke; J. Chromatog. 126 (1976) 771–785.]Search in Google Scholar
[50. IARC: Some inorganic substances, chlorinated hydrocarbons, N-nitrosamines, and natural products; in: Evaluation of the carcinogenic risk of chemicals to humans; IARC, Lyon, France, IARC Monograph 1 (1972) 61.]Search in Google Scholar
[51. Grob, K, and A. Völlmin: GC-MS analysis of the “semi-volatiles” of cigarette smoke; J. Chromat. Sci. 8 (1970) 218–220.]Search in Google Scholar
[52. IARC: Some naturally occurring substances; in: Evaluation of the carcinogenic risk of chemicals to humans; IARC, Lyon, France, IARC Monograph 10 (1976).]Search in Google Scholar
[53. IARC: Some fumigants, the herbicides 2,4-D and 2,4,5-T, chlorinated dibenzodioxins and miscellaneous industrial chemicals; in: Evaluation of the carcinogenic risk of chemicals to humans, IARC, Lyon, France, IARC Monograph 15 (1977) 265.]Search in Google Scholar
[54. Kosak, A.I.: The composition of tobacco smoke; Experientia 10 (1954) 69-71.]Search in Google Scholar
[55. Rodgman, A.: Studies of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in cigarette mainstream smoke: Identification, tobacco precur-sors, control of levels: A review; Beitr. Tabakforsch. Int. 19 (2001) 361–379.]Search in Google Scholar
[56. Castonguay, A., D. Lin, G.D. Stoner, K. Furuya, S.S. Hecht, H.A.J. Schut, and J.E. Klaunig: Comparative carcinogenicity in A/J mice and metabolism by cultured mouse peripheral lung of N-nitrosonornicotine, 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone and their analogues; Cancer Res. 43 (1983) 1223–1229.]Search in Google Scholar
[57. Preussmann, R. and B.W. Stewart: N-Nitroso carcinogens; Chapter 12, in: Chemical carcinogens. Second edition, edited by C.E. Searle, American Chemical Society Monograph 182, American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, 1984, 643– 828.]Search in Google Scholar
[58. Hoffmann, D. and S.S. Hecht: Advances in tobacco carcino-genesis; in: Chemical carcinogenesis and mutagenesis. I, edited by C.S. Cooper and P.L. Grover, Springer-Verlag, London, UK, 1990, Chapter 3, pp. 63–102; Hoffmann, D., I. Hoffmann, and K. El-Bayoumy: The less harmful cigarette: A controversial issue. A tribute to Ernst L. Wynder; Chem. Res. Toxicol. 14 (2001) 767–790; Hoffmann, D. and I. Hoffmann: [Chemical studies on tobacco smoke. C.] The changing cigarette: 1950–1995; J. Toxicol. Environ. Hlth. 50 (1997) 307–364; The changing cigarette: Chemical studies and bioassays; in: Risks associated with smoking cigarettes with low machine-measured yields of tar and nicotine, NCI Smoking and tobacco control, Monograph 13, edited by D.M. Burns and N.L. Benowitz, Bethesda, MD, Chapter 5, 2001, 159–191.]Search in Google Scholar
