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Figure 1.

MRI findings of DD patient: Scoliosis (4th grade), osteochondrosis, spondyloarthritis of the spine. Protrusions of disks C3-C4, C4-C5, C5-C6, C6-C7, L5-S1
MRI findings of DD patient: Scoliosis (4th grade), osteochondrosis, spondyloarthritis of the spine. Protrusions of disks C3-C4, C4-C5, C5-C6, C6-C7, L5-S1

Figure 2, 3, 4.

The phenotypic traits of DD patient: brachydactylia (short fingers), absence of flexion creases of the fingers, and proximally placed, abducted «hitchhiker thumb».
The phenotypic traits of DD patient: brachydactylia (short fingers), absence of flexion creases of the fingers, and proximally placed, abducted «hitchhiker thumb».

The type of inheritance and genes associated with different forms of skeletal dysplasia

Group or name of the disorder FGFR3 disorders Mode of Inheritance Gene Symbol
Thanatophoric dysplasia AD FGFR3
Achonodroplasia AD FGFR3
Hypochondroplasia AD FGFR3
SADDNA AD FGFR3
Type II collagen disorders
Achondrogenesis II AD COL2A1
Hypochondrogenesis AD COL2A1
Spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia congenita (SEDC) AD COL2A1
Kniest dysplasia AD COL2A1
Type X1 collagen disorders
Fibrochondrogenesis AR COL11A1
Fibrochondrogenesis AD COL11A1, COL11A2
Otospondylomegaepiphyseal dysplasia (OSMED) AR COL11A2
Sulfation disorders
Achondrogenesis IB AR SLC26A2
Atelosteogenesis II AR SLC26A2
Diastrophic dysplasia AR SLC26A2
Chondrodysplasia with congenital joint dslocations AR CHST3
Perlecan disorders
Dyssegmental dysplasia AR PLC
Dyssegmental dysplasia, Silverman-Handmaker type AR PLC
Dyssegmental dysplasia, Rolland Desbuquois type AR PLC
Filamin Disorders and similar disorders
Otopalatodigital syndrome I and II XLD FLNA
Osteodysplasty, Melnick-Needles XLD FLNA
Atelosteogenesis types I and III AD FLNB
Larsen syndrome AD FLNB
Spondylo-carpal-tarsal dysplasia AR FLNB
Serpentine fibula-polycystic kidney syndrome AD NOTCH2
TRPV4 disorders
Metatopic dysplasia AD TRPV4
Short-rib dysplasias (with and without polydactyly)
Chondroectodermal dysplasia (Ellis-van Creveld (EVC) AR EVC1, EVC2
Short-rib polydactyly syndrome I, II, III and IV including Asphxiating Thoracic Dystrophy AR DYNC2H1,IFT80NEKWDR35WDR19WDR34
Thoracolaryngeal dysplasia AD unknown
Metaphyseal dysplasias
Cartilage-hair hypoplasia AR RMRP
Metaphyseal dysplasia, Jansen type AD PTHR1
Spondylo-epi-(meta)-physeal dysplasia
SEMD, short limb abnormal calcification type AR DDR2
Severe spondylodysplastic dysplasias
Achondrogenesis 1A AR GMAP210
Schneckenbecken dysplasia AR SLC35D1
Opsismodysplasia AR INPPL1
Acromesomelic disorders
Acromesomelic dysplasia, type Maroteaux AR NPR2
Mesomelic and rhizo-mesomelic dysplasias
Langer type (homozygoud dyschondrosteosis pseudo-AR/XLD SHOX
Omodysplasia AR GPC6
Robinow syndrome, recessive AR ROR2
Robinow syndrome, dominant AD WNT5
Bent bone dysplasias
Campomelic dysplasia AD SOX9
Stuve-Wiedemann dysplasia AR LIFR
Bent bone dysplasia FGFR2 type AD FGFR2
Slender bone dysplasias
Microcephalic osteodysplastic primordial dwarfism (MOPD1) AR RNU4ATAC
Microcephalic osteodysplastic primordial dwarfism (MOPD2) AR PCNT
Osteocraniostenosis FAM111A
Dysplasias with multiple joint dislocations
Desbuquois dysplasia AR CANT1, XYLT1
Pseudodiatrophic dysplasia AR unknown
Chondrodysplasia punctata group (CDP)
CDP, X-linked dominant XLD EBP
Conradi-Hunermann type (CDPX2) XLR ARSE
brachytelephalangic type (CDPX1) XLD NSDHL
CHILD syndrome XLD EBP
Greenberg dysplasia AR LBR
Rhizomelic CDP type 1 AR PEX7
Rhizomelic CDP type 2 AR DHPAT
Rhizomelic CDP type 3 AR AGPS
Neonatal osteosclerotic dysplasias
Bloomstrand dysplasia AR PTHR1
Desmosterolosis AR DHCR24
Caffey disease (infantile) AD COL1A1
Raine dysplasia AR FAM20C
Increased bone density group
Osteopetrosis (severe neonatal or infantile forms) AR TCIRG1
Osteopetrosis (severe neonatal or infantile forms) AR CLCN7
Dysosteosclerosis AR SLC29A3
Lenz-Majewski hyperostostic dysplasia SP PTDSS1
Osteogenesis imperfecta and decreased bone density group
Osteogenesis imperfecta, moderate, severe and perinatal lethal AD COL1A1, COL1A2 IFITM5
Osteogenesis imperfecta, moderate, severe and perinatal lethal AR CRTAPP3H1PPBIFKBP10HSP47SP7WNT1TMEM33B
Bruck syndrome PLOD2FKBP10
Osteoporosis-pseudoglioma syndrome AR LRP5
Cole-Carpenter dysplasia SP unknown
Abnormal mineralization group
Hypophosphatasia, perinatal and infantile forms AR ALPL

The identified in DD patient gene variants.

GENE VARIANT ZYGOSITY VARIANT CLASSIFICATION
SLC26A2 c.1020_1022del (p.Val341del) heterozygous PATHOGENIC
SLC26A2 c.1957T>A (p.Cys653Ser) heterozygous PATHOGENIC
LTBP2 c.3913G>C (p.Asp1305His) heterozygous Uncertain Significance
TTC21B c.3932G>A (p.Arg1311His) heterozygous Uncertain Significance
eISSN:
2199-5761
Język:
Angielski
Częstotliwość wydawania:
2 razy w roku
Dziedziny czasopisma:
Medicine, Basic Medical Science, other