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Athlete biological passport: longitudinal biomarkers and statistics in the fight against doping

Dora Dragčević
Dora Dragčević
, 
Vlatka Pandžić Jakšić
Vlatka Pandžić Jakšić
 oraz 
Ozren Jakšić
Ozren Jakšić
   | 29 mar 2024
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Article Category: Review
Data publikacji: 29 mar 2024
Zakres stron: 24 - 31
Otrzymano: 01 paź 2023
Przyjęty: 01 lut 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/aiht-2024-75-3793
Słowa kluczowe
© 2024 Dora Dragčević et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Figure 1

Athlete biological passport (ABP) flowchart process (A) and analyses (B). ABP – athlete biological passport, ADAMS – anti-doping administration and management system, ADO – anti-doping organisation, ADRV – anti-doping rule violation, APF – adverse passport finding, APMU – athlete’s passport management unit, IF – international federation, WADA – World Anti-Doping Agency
Athlete biological passport (ABP) flowchart process (A) and analyses (B). ABP – athlete biological passport, ADAMS – anti-doping administration and management system, ADO – anti-doping organisation, ADRV – anti-doping rule violation, APF – adverse passport finding, APMU – athlete’s passport management unit, IF – international federation, WADA – World Anti-Doping Agency

Figure 2

Examples of HGB, Ret%, OFF-score, and ABPS profiles in the athlete biological passport (ABP) indicative of different types of blood doping (based on available literature data about the influence of rHuEPO, blood transfusion, and blood withdrawal on erythropoiesis and ABP profiles). Legend: blue line – athlete’s measured data in each testing; red line – calculated (expected) reference ranges. Testing points: 1 – physiological values; 2 – withdrawal of 1 blood unit; 3 – reinfusion of 1 blood unit; 4 – beginning of rHuEPO application; 5 – rHuEPO cessation; 6 – physiological values; 7 – predicted reference range for the next testing
Examples of HGB, Ret%, OFF-score, and ABPS profiles in the athlete biological passport (ABP) indicative of different types of blood doping (based on available literature data about the influence of rHuEPO, blood transfusion, and blood withdrawal on erythropoiesis and ABP profiles). Legend: blue line – athlete’s measured data in each testing; red line – calculated (expected) reference ranges. Testing points: 1 – physiological values; 2 – withdrawal of 1 blood unit; 3 – reinfusion of 1 blood unit; 4 – beginning of rHuEPO application; 5 – rHuEPO cessation; 6 – physiological values; 7 – predicted reference range for the next testing

Interpretation of abnormal blood profile scores (ABPS)

ABPS value Interpretation
<0 doping not suspected (“clean athlete”)
0–1 possible suspicion of doping
>1 doping suspected*

Measured and calculated parameters in athlete biological passport (ABP) modules

ABP module Measured parameters Calculated parameters
Haematological HGB
Ret%
Hct
RBC# OFF-score
Ret# OFFscore=[HGB][gL]−60Ret% {\rm{OFFscore}} = \left[ {{\rm{HGB}}} \right]\left[ {\frac{{\rm{g}}}{{\rm{L}}}} \right] - {60} \sqrt {{\mathop{\rm Ret}}\%}
IRF )
MCV
MCH ABPS
MCHC Hct, HGB, RBC, Ret%, MCV, MCH, and MCHC
RDW
WBC
PLT
Steroid testosterone T/E
epitestosterone A/T
etiocholanolone A/Etio
5α-androstanediol 5a-diol/5b-diol
5β-androstandiol
Endocrinological* IGF-1 GH-2000
P-III-NP
eISSN:
1848-6312
Języki:
Angielski, Slovenian
Częstotliwość wydawania:
4 razy w roku
Dziedziny czasopisma:
Medicine, Basic Medical Science, other
Kanał RSS czasopisma