[1. Mathers CD, Loncar D. Projections of global mortality and burden of disease from 2002 to 2030. PLoS Med 2006;3:e442. doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.003044210.1371/journal.pmed.0030442]Search in Google Scholar
[2. Singh D. Small airway disease in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Tuberc Respir Dis (Seoul) 2017;80:317-24. doi: 10.4046/trd.2017.008010.4046/trd.2017.0080]Search in Google Scholar
[3. Popov TA, Kralimarkova TZ, Labor M, Plavec D. The added value of exhaled breath temperature in respiratory medicine. J Breath Res 2017;11:034001. doi: 10.1088/1752-7163/aa780110.1088/1752-7163/aa7801]Search in Google Scholar
[4. Labor M, Vrbica Ž, Gudelj I, Labor S, Jurić I, Plavec D. Exhaled breath temperature as a novel marker of future development of COPD: results of a follow-up study in smokers. COPD 2016;13:741-9. doi: 10.3109/15412555.2016.116412910.3109/15412555.2016.1164129]Search in Google Scholar
[5. Vrbica Ž, Labor M, Gudelj I, Labor S, Jurić I, Plavec D; MARKO study group. Early detection of COPD patients in GOLD 0 population: an observational non-interventional cohort study - MARKO study. BMC Pulm Med 2017;17:36. doi: 10.1186/s12890-017-0378-610.1186/s12890-017-0378-6]Search in Google Scholar
[6. Miller MR, Hankinson J, Brusasco V, Burgos F, Casaburi R, Coates A, Crapo R, Enright P, van der Grinten CP, Gustafsson P, Jensen R, Johnson DC, MacIntyre N, McKay R, Navajas D, Pedersen OF, Pellegrino R, Viegi G, Wanger J; ATS/ERS Task Force. Standardisation of spirometry. Eur Resp J 2005;26:319-38. doi: 10.1183/09031936.05.0003480510.1183/09031936.05.00034805]Search in Google Scholar
[7. Quanjer PH, Tammeling GJ, Cotes JE, Pedersen OF, Peslin R, Yernault JC. Lung volumes and forced ventilatory flows. Report Working Party Standardization of Lung Function Tests, European Community for Steel and Coal. Official Statement of the European Respiratory Society. Eur Respir J 1993;16(Suppl 6):5-40. doi: 10.1183/09041950.005s169310.1183/09041950.005s1693]Search in Google Scholar
[8. Quanjer PH, Stanojevic S, Cole TJ, Baur X, Hall GL, Culver BH, Enright PL, Hankinson JL, Ip MS, Zheng J, Stocks J; ERS Global Lung Function Initiative. Multi-ethnic reference values for spirometry for the 3-95-yr age range: the global lung function 2012 equations. Eur Resp J 2012;40:1324-43. doi: 10.1183/09031936.0008031210.1183/09031936.00080312]Search in Google Scholar
[9. Popov TA, Dunev S, Kralimarkova TZ, Kraeva S, DuBuske LM. Evaluation of a simple, potentially individual device for exhaled breath temperature measurement. Resp Med 2007;101:2044-50. doi: 10.1016/j.rmed.2007.06.00510.1016/j.rmed.2007.06.005]Search in Google Scholar
[10. Popov TA, Kralimarkova TZ, Dimitrov DV. Measurement of exhaled breath temperature in science and clinical practice. Breathe 2012;8:186-92. doi: 10.1183/20734735.02181110.1183/20734735.021811]Search in Google Scholar
[11. Rodgman A, Perfetti TA. The Chemical Components of Tobacco and Tobacco Smoke. Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press; 2009.10.1201/9781420078848]Search in Google Scholar
[12. Tuder RM, Yoshida T, Fijalkowka I, Biswal S, Petrache I. Role of lung maintenance program in the heterogeneity of lung destruction in emphysema. Proc Am Thorac Soc 2006;3:673-9. doi: 10.1513/pats.200605-124SF10.1513/pats.200605-124SF]Search in Google Scholar
[13. Tuder RM, Yoshida T. Stress responses affecting homeostasis of the alveolar capillary unit. Proc Am Thorac Soc 2011;8:485-91. doi: 10.1513/pats.201103-029MW10.1513/pats.201103-029MW]Search in Google Scholar
[14. McCullagh A, Rosenthal M, Wanner A, Hurtado A, Padley S, Bush A. The bronchial circulation-worth a closer look: a review of the relationship between the bronchial vasculature and airway inflammation. Pediatr Pulmonol 2010;45:1-13. doi: 10.1002/ppul.2113510.1002/ppul.21135]Search in Google Scholar
[15. Baile EM, Dahlby RW, Wiggs BR, Paré PD. Role of tracheal and bronchial circulation in respiratory heat exchange. J Appl Physiol (1985) 1985;58:217-22. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1985.58.1.21710.1152/jappl.1985.58.1.217]Search in Google Scholar
[16. Serikov VB, Fleming NW. Pulmonary and bronchial circulations: contributions to heat and water exchange in isolated lungs. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2001;91:1977-85. doi: 10.1152/jappl.2001.91.5.197710.1152/jappl.2001.91.5.1977]Search in Google Scholar
[17. McFadden ER Jr, Pichurko BM, Bowman KF, Ingenito E, Burns S, Dowling N, Solway J. Thermal mapping of the airways in humans. J Appl Physiol (1985) 1985;58:564-70. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1985.58.2.56410.1152/jappl.1985.58.2.564]Search in Google Scholar
[18. Reid A, Heard BE. Preliminary studies of human pulmonary capillaries by India ink injection. Med Thorac 1962;19:215-9. doi: 10.1159/00019222110.1159/000192221]Search in Google Scholar
[19. Cudkowicz L, Armstrong JB. The bronchial arteries in pulmonary emphysema. Thorax 1953;8:46-58. doi: 10.1136/thx.8.1.4610.1136/thx.8.1.46]Search in Google Scholar
[20. Hashimoto M, Tanaka H, Abe S. Quantitative analysis of bronchial wall vascularity in the medium and small airways of patients with asthma and COPD. Chest 2005;127:965-72. doi: 10.1378/chest.127.3.96510.1378/chest.127.3.965]Search in Google Scholar
[21. Paredi P, Ward S, Cramer D, Dip M, Barnes PJ, Kharitonov SA. Normal bronchial blood flow in COPD is unaffected by inhaled corticosteroids and correlates with exhaled nitric oxide. Chest 2007;131:1075-81. doi: 10.1378/chest.06-215410.1378/chest.06-2154]Search in Google Scholar
[22. Zanini A, Chetta A, Saetta M, Baraldo S, Castagnetti C, Nicolini G, Neri M, Oliveri D. Bronchial vascular remodelling in patients with COPD and its relationship with inhaled steroid treatment. Thorax 2009;64:1019-24. doi: 10.1136/thx.2009.11462910.1136/thx.2009.114629]Search in Google Scholar
[23. Carpagnano GE, Ruggieri C, Scioscia G, Storto MM, Zoppo L, Foschino-Barbaro MP. Is the exhaled breath temperature sensitive to cigarette smoking? COPD 2016;13:642-6. doi: 10.3109/15412555.2016.114345810.3109/15412555.2016.1143458]Search in Google Scholar
[24. Paredi P, Kharitonov SA, Barnes PJ. Faster rise of EBT in asthma: a novel marker of airway inflammation? Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2002;165:181-4. doi: 10.1164/ajrccm.165.2.210305310.1164/ajrccm.165.2.2103053]Search in Google Scholar
[25. Xepapadaki P, Xatziioannou A, Chatzicharalambous M, Makrinioti H, Papadopoulos NG. Exhaled breath temperature increases during mild exacerbations in children with virus-induced asthma. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2010;153:70-4. doi: 10.1159/00030158110.1159/000301581]Search in Google Scholar
[26. Paredi P, Caramori G, Cramer D, Ward D, Ciaccia A, Papi A, Kharitonov SA, Barnes PJ. Slower rise of exhaled breath temperature in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Eur Respir J 2003;21:439-43. doi: 10.1183/09031936.03.0006190210.1183/09031936.03.00061902]Search in Google Scholar
[27. Zebekakis PE, Nawrot T, Thijs L, Balkestein EJ, van der Heijden-Spek J, Van Bortel LM, Struijker-Boudier HA, Safar ME, Staessen JA. Obesity is associated with increased arterial stiffness from adolescence until old age. J Hypertens 2005;23:1839-46. doi: 10.1097/01.hjh.0000179511.93889.e910.1097/01.hjh.0000179511.93889.e9]Search in Google Scholar
[28. Hogg JC, Paré PD, Hackett TL. The contribution of small airway obstruction to the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Physiol Rev 2017;97:529-52. doi: 10.1152/physrev.00025.201510.1152/physrev.00025.2015]Search in Google Scholar
[29. Stockley JA, Cooper BG, Stockley RA, Sapey E. Small airways disease: time for a revisit? Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2017;12:2343-53. doi: 10.2147/COPD.S13854010.2147/COPD.S138540]Search in Google Scholar
[30. Mead J. The lung’s “quiet zone”. N Engl J Med 1970;282:1318-9. doi: 10.1056/NEJM19700604282231110.1056/NEJM197006042822311]Search in Google Scholar
[31. Borrill ZL, Houghton CM, Woodcock AA, Vestbo J, Singh D. Measuring bronchodilation in COPD clinical trials. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2005;59:379-84. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.2004.02261.x10.1111/j.1365-2125.2004.02261.x]Search in Google Scholar
[32. Piorunek T, Kostrzewska M, Stelmach-Mardas M, Mardas M, Michalak S, Goździk-Spychalska J, Batura-Gabryel H. Small airway obstruction in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: potential parameters for early detection. Adv Exp Med Biol 2017;980:75-82. doi: 10.1007/5584_2016_20810.1007/5584_2016_208]Search in Google Scholar
[33. Galbán CJ, Han MK, Boes JL, Chughtai KA, Meyer CR, Johnson TD, Galban S, Rehemtulla A, Kazerooni EA, Martinez FJ, Ross BD. Computed tomography-based biomarker provides unique signature for diagnosis of COPD phenotypes and disease progression. Nature Med 2012;18:1711-5. doi: 10.1038/nm.297110.1038/nm.2971]Search in Google Scholar
[34. Boes JL, Hoff BA, Bule M, Johnson TD, Rehemtulla A, Chamberlain R, Hoffman EA, Kazerooni EA, Martinez FJ, Han MK, Ross BD, Galbán CJ. Parametric response mapping monitors temporal changes on lung CT scans in the subpopulations and intermediate outcome measures in COPD Study (SPIROMICS). Academic Radiol 2015;22:186-94. doi: 10.1016/j.acra.2014.08.01510.1016/j.acra.2014.08.015]Search in Google Scholar