[1. Ritchie H, Roser M: Meat and seafood production and consumption. [https://ourworldindata.org/meat-and-seafood-production-consumption]]Search in Google Scholar
[2. FAO: Feeding the world. [http://www.fao.org/3/i3107e/i3107e03.pdf]]Search in Google Scholar
[3. Carlsen E, Giwercman A, Keiding N, Skakkebeak N: Evidence for decreasing quality of semen during past 50 years. Brit Med J 1992, 205:609–613.10.1136/bmj.305.6854.609]Search in Google Scholar
[4. Aho, Koiv isto AM, Tammela TL, Auvinen A: Is the incidence of hypospadias increasing? Analysis of Finnish hospital discharge data 1970-1994. Environ Health Perspect 2000, 108:463–465.10.1289/ehp.00108463]Search in Google Scholar
[5. Carmichae l SL, Shaw GM, Nelson V, Selvin S, Torfs CP, Curry CJ: Hypospadias in California: Trends and descriptive epidemiology. Epidemiology 2003, 14:701–706.10.1097/01.ede.0000091603.43531.d0]Search in Google Scholar
[6. Paulozzi LJ: International trends in rates of hypospadias and cryptorchidism. Environ Health Perspect 1999, 107:297–302.10.1289/ehp.99107297]Search in Google Scholar
[7. Ganmaa D, Sato A: The possible role of female sex hormones in milk from pregnant cows in the development of breast, ovarian and corpus uteri cancers. Medical Hyptheses 2005, 65:1028–1037.10.1016/j.mehy.2005.06.026]Search in Google Scholar
[8. Sharpe RM, Skakkebeak NE: Are estrogens involved in falling sperm counts and disorders of the male reproductive tract? Lancet 1993, 341:1392–1395.10.1016/0140-6736(93)90953-E]Search in Google Scholar
[9. Courant F, Antignac J, Laille J, Monteau F, Andre F, Le Bizec B: Exposure assesment of preburtal children to steroid endocrine disruptors. Determination of steroid hormones in milk, egg and meat samples. J Agric Food Chem 2008, 56:3176–3184.10.1021/jf800096f18412364]Search in Google Scholar
[10. Coady K, Mathiessen P, Zahner NM, Staveley J, Caldwell DJ, Levine SL, Gray jr LE, Borgert CJ: Endocrine disruption: where are we with hazard and risk assessment? Peer J Preprints 2016, 4:e2580v1.10.7287/peerj.preprints.2580v1]Search in Google Scholar
[11. CRL Guidance paper (7 December 2007): CRLs view on state of the art analytical methods for national residue control plans. [https://www.rivm.nl/bibliotheek/digitaaldepot/crlguidance2007.pdf]]Search in Google Scholar
[12. US DHHS-FDA (Department of Health and Human Services – Food and Drug Administration): Guidance for industry. General principles for evaluating the human food safety of new animal drugs used in food-producing animals. [https://www.fda.gov/downloads/AnimalVeterinary/GuidanceComplianceEnforcement/GuidanceforIndustry/UCM052180.pdf]]Search in Google Scholar
[13. Macrina AL, Ott TL, Roberts RF, Kensinger RS: Estrone and estrone sulfate concentrations in milk and milk fractions. J Acad Nutr Dietet 2012, 112:1088–1093.10.1016/j.jand.2012.02.00522561023]Search in Google Scholar
[14. Leon-Olea M, Martyniuk CJ, Orlando EF, Ottinger MA, Rosenfeld CS, Wolstenholme JT, Trudeau VL: Current concepts in neuroendocrine disruption. General and Comparative Endocrinology 2014, 203:158–173.10.1016/j.ygcen.2014.02.005413333724530523]Search in Google Scholar
[15. Fortier A, Trasler J: Potential epigenetic consequences associated with assisted reproduction. In: Epigenitc and human reproduction. Heidelberg, Germany: Springer; 2011, 3–18.10.1007/978-3-642-14773-9_1]Search in Google Scholar
[16. Drobnis EZ, Nangia AK: Male reproductive functions disrupted by pharmacological agents. Advan Experiment Med Biol 2017, 1034–24.10.1007/978-3-319-69535-8_3]Search in Google Scholar
[17. Andersson AM, Skakkebaek NE: Exposure to exogenous estrogens in food: possible impact on human development and health. Eur J Endocrinol 1999, 140:477–485.10.1530/eje.0.1400477]Search in Google Scholar
[18. Schug TT, Janesick A, Blumberg B, Heindel JJ: Endocrine disrupting chemicals and disease susceptibility. J Steroid Biochem Molec Biol 2011, 127:204–215.10.1016/j.jsbmb.2011.08.007]Search in Google Scholar
[19. Torfadottir JE, Steingrimsdottir L, Mucci L, Aspelund T, Kasperzyk JL, Olafsson O, Fall K, Tryggvadottir L, Harris TB, Launer L, Jonsson E, Tulinius H, Stampfer M, Adami HO, Gudnason V, Valdimarsdottir UA: Milk intake in early life and risk of advanced prostate cancer. Am J Epidemiol 2012, 175:144–153.10.1093/aje/kwr289]Search in Google Scholar
[20. Key TJA, Pike MC: The dose-effect relationship between ‘unopposed’ estrogens and mitotic rate: its general role in explaning and predicting endometrial cancer risk. Brit JCancer 1988, 57:205–212.10.1038/bjc.1988.44]Search in Google Scholar
[21. Dickson RB, Lippman ME: Estrogenic regulation of growth and polypeptide growth factor secretion in human breast carcinoma. Endocr Rev 1987, 8:29–43.10.1210/edrv-8-1-29]Search in Google Scholar
[22. Braekevelt EB, Lau P, Tague B, Popovic S, Tittlemier SA. Effect of cooking on concentrations of β-estradiol and metabolites in model matrices and beef. J Agric Food Chem 2011, 59:915–920.10.1021/jf103064q]Search in Google Scholar
[23. Snoj T, Zuzek MC, Cebulj-Kadunc N, Majdic G: Short communication: Heat treatment and souring do not affect milk estrone and 17b-estradiol concentrations. J Dairy Sci 2018, 101:61–65.10.3168/jds.2017-13205]Search in Google Scholar
[24. Hartmann S, Lacorn M, Steinhart H: Natural occurrence of steroid hormones in food. Food Chem 1998, 62:7–20.10.1016/S0308-8146(97)00150-7]Search in Google Scholar
[25. Zhou H, Qin LQ, Ma DF, Wang Y, Wang PY: Uterotrophic effects of cow milk in immature ovariectomized Sprague-Dawley rats. Environment Health Prevent Med 2010, 15:162–168.10.1007/s12199-009-0123-8]Search in Google Scholar
[26. Gaiani R, Chiesa F, Mattioli M, Nanneti G, Galeati G: Androstenedione and testosterone concentrations in plasma and milk of cow throughout pregnancy. J Reprod Fertil 1984, 70:55–90.10.1530/jrf.0.0700055]Search in Google Scholar
[27. Heap RB, Hamon M: Oestrone sulphate in milk as an indicator of a viable conceptus in cows. Br Vet J, 135:355–363.10.1016/S0007-1935(17)32838-5]Search in Google Scholar
[28. Malekinejad H, Scherpenisse P, Bergerff AA: Naturaly occurring estrogens in processed milk and in raw milk (from gestated cows). J Agric Food Chem 2006, 54:9785–9791.10.1021/jf061972e]Search in Google Scholar
[29. Pape-Zambito DA, Magliaro AL, Kensinger RS: 17b-estradiol and estrone concentrations in plasma and milk during bovine pregnancy. J Dairy Sci 2008, 91:127–135.10.3168/jds.2007-0481]Search in Google Scholar
[30. Farlow DW, Xu X, Veenstra TD: Comparison of estrone and 17b-estradiol levels in commercial goat and cow milk. J Dairy Sci 2012, 95:1699–1708.10.3168/jds.2011-5072]Search in Google Scholar
[31. Macdonald IA, Bokkenheuser VD, Winter J, McLernon AM, Mosbach EH: Degradation of steroids in the human gut. J Lip Res 1983, 24:675–700.10.1016/S0022-2275(20)37944-X]Search in Google Scholar
[32. Parodi PW: Impact of cow’s milk estrogen on cancer risk. Int Dairy J 2012, 22:3–14.10.1016/j.idairyj.2011.08.006]Search in Google Scholar
[33. US DHHS-FDA (Department of Health and Human Services – Food and Drug Administration): Steroid hormone implants used for growth in food-producing animals. [https://www.fda.gov/animal-veterinary/product-safety-information/steroid-hormone-implants-used-growth-food-producing-animals]]Search in Google Scholar
[34. US DHHS-FDA (Department of Health and Human Services – Food and Drug Administration): Report on the Food and Drug Administration’s review of the Safety of recombinant bovine somatotropin. [https://www.fda.gov/animal-veterinary/product-safety-information/report-food-and-drug-administrations-review-safety-recombinant-bovine-somatotropin]]Search in Google Scholar
[35. Dohoo IR, DesCoteaux L, Leslie K, Fredeen A, Shewfelt W, Preston A, Dowling P: A meta-analysis review of the effects of recombinant bovine somatotropin. Can J Vet Res 2003, 67:252–264.]Search in Google Scholar
[36. Maldonado-Cerceles AB, Minguez-Alacon L, Mendiola J, Vioque J, Jorgensen N, Arense Gonzalo JJ, Tores-Cantero AM, Chavarro J: Meat intake in relation to semen quality and reproductive hormone levels among young men in Spain. Br J Nutr 2018, 121:1–10.10.1017/S0007114518003458637574830560757]Search in Google Scholar
[37. Afeiche MC, Williams PL, Gaskins AJ, Mendiola J, Jorgensen N, Swan SH, Chavarro JE: Meat intake and reproductive parameters among young men. Epidemiology 2014, 25:323–330.10.1097/EDE.0000000000000092418071024681577]Search in Google Scholar
[38. Xia W, Chiu YH, Williams PL, Gaskins AJ, Toth TL, Tanrikut C, Hauser R, Chavarro JE: Men’s meat intake and treatment outcomes among couples undergoing assisted reproduction. Fertil Steril 2015, 104:972–979.10.1016/j.fertnstert.2015.06.037]Search in Google Scholar
[39. Swan SH, Liu F, Overstreet JW, Brazil C, Skakkebeak NE: Semen quality of fertile US males in relation to their mothers’ beef consumption during pregnancy. Hum Reprod 2007, 22:1497–1502.10.1093/humrep/dem068]Search in Google Scholar
[40. Afeiche MC, Bridges ND, Williams PL, Gaskins AJ, Tanrikut C, Petrozza JC, Hauser R, Chavarro JE: Dairy intake and semen quality among men attending a fertility clinic. Fertil Steril 2014, 101:1280–1287.10.1016/j.fertnstert.2014.02.003]Search in Google Scholar
[41. Afeiche M, Williams PL, Mendiola J, Gaskins AJ, Jorgensen N, Swan SH, Chavarro JE: Dairy food intake in relation to semen quality and reproductive hormone levels among physically active men. Hum Reprod 2013, 28:2265–2275.10.1093/humrep/det133]Search in Google Scholar
[42. Dizavi A, Eini-Zinab H, Hosseini J, Omidvar N, Hosseini MA: Relationship between dairy product consumption and oligospermia; a case-control study. Men Health J 2018, 2:1–7.]Search in Google Scholar
[43. Xia W, Chiu YH, Afeiche MC, Williams PL, Ford JB, Tanrikut C, Souter I, Hauser R, Chavarro JE: Impact of men’s dairy intake on assisted reproductive technology outcomes among couples attending a fertility clinic. Andrology 2016, 4:277–283.10.1111/andr.12151]Search in Google Scholar
[44. Cross AJ, Leitzmann MF, Gail MH, Hollenbeck AR, Schatzkin A, Sinha R: A prospective study of red and processed meat intake in relation to cancer risk. PLoS Med 2007, 4:e325.10.1371/journal.pmed.0040325]Search in Google Scholar
[45. Lijinsky W: N-Nitroso compounds in the diet. Mutat Res 1999, 443:129–138.10.1016/S1383-5742(99)00015-0]Search in Google Scholar
[46. Ohgaki H, Hasegawa H, Kato T, Suenaga M, Sato S, Takayama S, Suqimura T: Carcinogenicities in mice and rats of IQ, MeIQ, and MeIQx. Princess Takamatsu Symp 1985, 16:97–105.]Search in Google Scholar
[47. Bandera EV, Kushi LH, Moore DF, Gifkins DM, McCullough ML: Consumption of animal foods and endometrial cancer risk: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis. Cancer Causes Control 2007,18:967–988.10.1007/s10552-007-9038-0259209517638104]Search in Google Scholar
[48. Dagnelie PC, Schuurman AG, Goldbohm RA, Van den Brandt PA: Diet, anthropometric measures and prostate cancer risk: a review of prospective cohort and intervention studies. BJU Int 2004, 93:1139–1150.10.1111/j.1464-410X.2004.04795.x15142129]Search in Google Scholar
[49. WHO: Agents classfied by the IARC monographs, volumes 1-123. [https://monographs.iarc.fr/agents-classified-by-the-iarc/]]Search in Google Scholar
[50. Dong JY, Zhang L, He K, Qin LQ: Dairy consumption and risk of breast cancer: a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2011, 127:23–31.10.1007/s10549-011-1467-521442197]Search in Google Scholar
[51. Zang J, Shen M, Du S, Chen T, Zou S: The association between dairy intake and breast cancer in Western and Asian populations: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Breast Cancer 2015, 18 313–322.10.4048/jbc.2015.18.4.313470508226770237]Search in Google Scholar
[52. Moorman PG, Terry PD: Consumption of dairy products and the risk of breast cancer: a review of the literature. Am J of Clin Nutr, 2004, 80:5–14.10.1093/ajcn/80.1.515213021]Search in Google Scholar
[53. Missmer SA, Smith-Warner SA, Spiegelman D, Yaun SS, Adami HO, Beeson WL van den Brandt PA, Fraser GE, Freudenheim JL, Goldbohm RA, Graham S, Kushi LH, Miller AB, Potter JD, Rohan TE, Speizer FE, Toniolo P, Willett WC, Wolk A, Zeleniuch-Jacquotte A, Hunter DJ: Meat and dairy food consumption and breast camcer: a pooled analysis of cohort studies. Int J Epidemiol 2002, 31:78–85.]Search in Google Scholar
[54. Davies TW, Palmer CR, Ruja E, Lipscombe JM: Adolescent milk, dairy product and fruit consumption and testicular cancer. Brit J Cancer 1996, 74:657–660.10.1038/bjc.1996.41720746828761386]Search in Google Scholar
[55. Aune D, Navarro Rosenblatt DA, Chan DS, Vieira AR, Vieira R, Greenwood DC, Vatten LJ, Norat T: Dairy products, calcium, and prostate cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies. Am J Clin Nutr 2015, 101:87–117.10.3945/ajcn.113.06715725527754]Search in Google Scholar
[56. Andersson SO, Baron J, Wolk A, Lindgren C, Bergström R, Adami HO: Early life risk factors for prostate cancer: a population-based case-control study in Sweden. Cancer Epidemiol Biomark Prevent 1995, 4:187–192.]Search in Google Scholar
[57. Aune D, De Stefani E, Ronco AL, Boffetta P, Deneo-Pellegrini H, Acosta G, Mendilaharsu M: Egg consumption and the risk of cancer: a multisite case-control study in Uruguay. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2009, 10:869–876.10.1007/s10552-009-9406-z19653110]Search in Google Scholar
[58. Zamora-Ros R, Cayssials V, Cleries R, Redondo ML, Sanchez MJ, Rodriguez-Barranco M5, Sanchez-Cruz JJ, Mokoroa O, Gil L, Amiano P, Navarro C, Chirlaque MD, Huerta JM, Barricarte A, Ardanaz E, Moreno-Iribas C, Agudo A: Moderate egg consumption and all-cause and specific-cause mortality in the Spanish European Prospective into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC-Spain) study. Eur J Nutr 2018, doi: 10.1007/s00394-018-1754-6.10.1007/s00394-018-1754-629905885]Search in Google Scholar
[59. Fernandez E, Chatenoud L, La Vecchia C, Negri E, Franceschi S: Fish consumption and cancer risk. Am J Clin Nutr 1999, 70:85–90.10.1093/ajcn/70.1.8510393143]Search in Google Scholar
[60. Santarelli RL, Vendeuvre JC, Naud N, Tache S, Gueraud F, Viau M, Genot C, Corpet DE, Pierre FHF: Meat processing ant colon carcinogenesis: cooked, nitrite-treated, and oxidized high-heme cured meat promoted mucin-depleted foci in rats. Cancer Prev Res (Phila Pa) 2010, 3:852–864.10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-09-0160293177320530708]Search in Google Scholar
[61. Parnaud G, Peiffer G, Tache S, Corpet DE: Effect of meat (beef, chicken and bacon) on rat colon carcinogenesis. Nutr Cancer 1998, 32:165–173.10.1080/01635589809514736252747910050267]Search in Google Scholar
[62. Ganmaa D, Tezuka H, Enkhmaa D, Hoshi K, Sato A: Commercial cows’ milk has uterotrophic activity on the uteri of young ovariectomized rats and immature rats. Int J Cancer 2005, 118: 2363–2365.10.1002/ijc.2165916331633]Search in Google Scholar
[63. Li XM, Ganmaa D, Qin LQ, Sato A: Testing potential effects of environmental endocrine disruptors in cow milk on reproductive index in female rats. Biomed Environ Sci 2005, 18:307–313.]Search in Google Scholar
[64. Ganmaa D, Qin LQ, Wang PY, Tezuka H, Teramoto S, Sato A: A two-generation reproduction study to assess the effects of cows’ milk on reproductive development in male and female rats. Fertil Steril 2004, 82:1106–1114.10.1016/j.fertnstert.2004.05.07315474082]Search in Google Scholar
[65. Grgurevič N, Koračin J, Majdič G, Snoj T: Effect of dietary estrogens from bovine milk on blood hormone levels and reproductive organs in mice. J Dairy Sci 2016, 99:6005–6013.10.3168/jds.2015-1061027265162]Search in Google Scholar
[66. Qin LQ, Xu JY, Wang PY, Ganmaa D, Li J, Wang J, Kaneko T, Hoshi K, Shirai T, Sato A: Low-fat milk promotes the development of 7,12-dimethylbenz(A)anthracene (DMBA)-induced mammary tumors in rats. Int J Cancer 2004, 110:491–496.10.1002/ijc.2017215122580]Search in Google Scholar
[67. Genkinger JM, Koushik A: Meat consumption and cancer risk. PLoS Med 2007, 4:e345.10.1371/journal.pmed.0040345212165018076281]Search in Google Scholar
[68. Panth N, Gavarkovs A, Tamez M, Mattei J: The Influence of diet on fertility and the implications for public health nutrition in the United States. Front Public Health 2018, 6:211.10.3389/fpubh.2018.00211607927730109221]Search in Google Scholar
[69. Davoodi H, Esmaeili S, Mortazavian AM: Effects of milk and milk products consumption on cancer: a review. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2013, 12:249–264.10.1111/1541-4337.12011]Search in Google Scholar
[70. Snoj T, Majdič G: Estrogens in consumer milk: is there a risk to human reproductive health? Eur J Endocrinol 2018, 179:275–286.10.1530/EJE-18-059130400018]Search in Google Scholar
[71. Malekinejad H, Rezabakhsh A: Hormones in dairy foods and their impact on public ealth - A narrative review article. Iran J Public Health. 2015, 44:742–758.]Search in Google Scholar
[72. Keum N, Lee DH, Marchand N, Oh H, Liu H, Aune D, Greenwood DC, Giovannucci EL: Egg intake and cancers of the breast, ovary and prostate: a dose-response meta-analysis of prospective observational studies. Br J Nutr 2015, 114:1099–1107.10.1017/S000711451500213526293984]Search in Google Scholar
[73. Snoj T, Majdič G, Kobal S, Žužek M, Čebulj-Kadunc N: Estrone, 17b-estradiol and progesterone concentrations in processed milk with different fat content. Veterinarski Glasnik 2017, 71(1):35-43. doi: 10.2298/VETGL170324006S10.2298/VETGL170324006S]Search in Google Scholar