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Mosquito (Diptera: Culicidae) diversity and medical importance in Koh Kong mangrove forests, Cambodia


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Figure 1

Location of the 3 different sampling sites on Koh Kong. The inset in white represents Cambodia, showing the general location of Kho Kong (red square). Site 1: Koh Sralau island, 1.43 km SSW of Sralau village (11°4502N, 103°0645E, WGS84). Site 2: Koh Kapi, 1 km E of the city (11°4544N, 103°0207E, WGS84). Site 3: Koh Moul island, 2.5 km S and 7.2 km SW of Koh Kapi and Koh Sralau, respectively (11°4329N, 103°0063E, WGS84), and a beach nearby (11°4306N, 103°0129E, WGS84). Modified from Google Maps version 10.66.1 (imagery date November 1, 2019); imagery and data attributions: imagery CNES/Airbus, Landsat/Copernicus, Maxar Technologies, ©2022 TerraMetrics; map data SIO, NOAA, U.S. Navy, NGA, GEBCO ©2022 Google.
Location of the 3 different sampling sites on Koh Kong. The inset in white represents Cambodia, showing the general location of Kho Kong (red square). Site 1: Koh Sralau island, 1.43 km SSW of Sralau village (11°4502N, 103°0645E, WGS84). Site 2: Koh Kapi, 1 km E of the city (11°4544N, 103°0207E, WGS84). Site 3: Koh Moul island, 2.5 km S and 7.2 km SW of Koh Kapi and Koh Sralau, respectively (11°4329N, 103°0063E, WGS84), and a beach nearby (11°4306N, 103°0129E, WGS84). Modified from Google Maps version 10.66.1 (imagery date November 1, 2019); imagery and data attributions: imagery CNES/Airbus, Landsat/Copernicus, Maxar Technologies, ©2022 TerraMetrics; map data SIO, NOAA, U.S. Navy, NGA, GEBCO ©2022 Google.

Figure 2

Meteorological conditions in Koh Kong province in 2019. Climate data were obtained from climateengine.org. Temperatures (solid line) were gathered from Terraclimate and CFSR satellite data, and precipitation (gray bars) from CHIRPS satellite data.
Meteorological conditions in Koh Kong province in 2019. Climate data were obtained from climateengine.org. Temperatures (solid line) were gathered from Terraclimate and CFSR satellite data, and precipitation (gray bars) from CHIRPS satellite data.

List and total number of mosquitoes species collected in Koh Kong province

Mosquito species Koh Sralau Koh Kapi Koh Moul Total



Season Dry Rainy Dry Rainy Dry Rainy
Aedes (5 species) 141
Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti (Linnaeus, 1762) 9 1 10
Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus (Skuse, 1894) 1 6 1 3 1 2 14
Aedes (Lorrainea) amesii (Ludlow, 1903) 4 4
Aedes (Rhinoskusea) longirostris (Leicester, 1908) 30 30
Aedes (Phagomyia) prominens (Barraud, 1923) 1 1
Aedes sp. 8 41 1 31 1 82

Anopheles (2 species) 42

Anopheles (Anopheles) baezai Gater, 1934 2 4 1 7
Anopheles (Cellia) indefinitus Ludlow, 1904 1 1
Anopheles sp. 13 20 1 34

Armigeres (1 species) 5

Armigeres (Armigeres) subalbatus (Coquillett, 1898) 1 1 1 3
Armigeres sp. 1 1 2

Coquilletidia (3 species) 66

Coquillettidia (Coquillettidia) crassipes (van der Wulp, 1881) 1 1 9 11
Coquillettidia (Coquillettidia) nigrosignata (Edwards, 1917) 51 51
Coquillettidia (Coquillettidia) ochracea (Theobald, 1903) 2 2 4

Culex (11 species) 2571

Culex (Oculeomyia) bitaeniorhynchus Giles, 1901 1 13 14
Culex (Eumelanomyia) brevipalpis (Giles, 1902) 1 1 2
Culex (Culex) fuscocephala Theobald, 1907 21 1 22
Culex (Culex) gelidus Theobald, 1901 6 1 7
Culex (Eumelanomyia) malayi (Leicester, 1908) 1 1
Culex (Culex) quinquefasciatus Say, 1823 1 1
Culex (Lophoceraomyia) reidi Colless, 1965 6 6
Culex (Culex) sitiens Wiedemann, 1828 682 1103 89 1874
Culex (Culex) tritaeniorhynchus Giles, 1901 3 3
Culex (Culex) vishnui Theobald, 1901 27 120 230 85 8 2 472
Culex (Lophoceraomyia) wilfredi Colless, 1965 37 7 44
Culex sp. 8 109 1 3 4 125

Heizmannia (1 species) 1

Heizmannia sp. 1 1

Mansonia (4 species) 120

Mansonia (Mansonioides) bonneae Edwards, 1930 81 1 82
Mansonia (Mansonioides) dives (Schiner, 1868) 2 11 13
Mansonia (Mansonioides) indiana Edwards, 1930 6 6

Mansonia (Mansonioides) uniformis (Theobald, 1901) 2 2
Mansonia sp. 2 15 17

Mimomyia (3 species) 8

Mimomyia (Etorleptiomyia) elegans (Taylor, 1914) 1 1
Mimomyia (Mimomyia) hybrida (Leicester, 1908) 1 3 4
Mimomyia (Etorleptiomyia) luzonensis (Ludlow, 1905) 3 3

Uranotaenia (3 species) 110

Uranotaenia (Pseudoficalbia) hirsutifemora Peters, 1964 6 6
Uranotaenia (Uranotaenia) metatarsata Edwards, 1914 1 1
Uranotaenia (Uranotaenia) rampae Peyton & Klein, 1970 9 53 9 71
Uranotaenia sp. 1 20 1 2 4 4 32

Verrallina (1 species) 43

Verrallina (Verrallina) dux (Dyar & Shannon, 1925) 5 5
Verrallina sp. 14 6 20

Unknown 13 2 3 18

Grand total 89 1314 237 1333 19 115 3107

Number of species 12 28 2 13 4 6 34
Number of species per collection site 32 13 7
Shannon index 1.7 1.5 0.09 0.06 0.9 0.7
Shannon index 1.6 0.9 0.9
Simpson index 0.7 0.6 0.03 0.3 0.4 0.3
Simpson index 0.6 0.4 0.4

List of medically important mosquito species in Koh Kong

Mosquito species Potential vectors References
Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti (Linnaeus, 1762) DENV, ZIKV, CHYKV, WNV, YFV [26, 27, 28]
Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus (Skuse, 1894) DENV, ZIKV, CHYKV, JEV, WNV [26, 27, 28]

Anopheles (Cellia) indefinitus Ludlow 1904 MAL [26, 29]

Armigeres (Armigeres) subalbatus (Coquillett, 1898) JEV, FILWB [26, 27, 30]

Culex (Oculeomyia) bitaeniorhynchus Giles, 1901 JEV, FILBM, FILWB [26, 30]
Culex (Culex) fuscocephala Theobald, 1907 JEV [26, 30]
Culex (Culex) gelidus Theobald, 1901 JEV [26, 27, 30]
Culex (Culex) quinquefasciatus Say, 1823 ZIKV, JEV, WNV [26, 27, 30]
Culex (Culex) sitiens Wiedemann, 1828 FILBM, JEV [26, 30, 31, 32]
Culex (Culex) tritaeniorhynchus Giles, 1901 JEV [26, 27, 30]
Culex (Culex) vishnui Theobald, 1901 JEV [26, 27, 30]

Mansonia (Mansonioides) uniformis (Theobald, 1901) WNV [26]
eISSN:
1875-855X
Język:
Angielski
Częstotliwość wydawania:
6 razy w roku
Dziedziny czasopisma:
Medicine, Assistive Professions, Nursing, Basic Medical Science, other, Clinical Medicine