Rotation crop with soybean |
Heterodera glycines |
J2 numbers were reduced 30%, soybean yields increased 11% when soybean followed hemp |
Zhang et al. (2013) |
Chopped leaves incorporated into potted soil |
Meloidogyne incognita |
Reproduction on tomato reduced 74% but plant growth parameters not significantly improved |
Khanna and Sharma (1998) |
Chopped leaves |
Tylenchorhynchus sp. Helicotylenchus sp. |
42% reduction 82% reduction |
Somvanshi and Gupta (2003) |
Pulverized leaves incorporated into soil |
Meloidogyne incognita |
Galls decreased up to 54% on subsequent crop |
Kayani et al. (2012) |
Chopped leaves |
Meloidogyne incognita |
Incorporation of leaves did not improve growth of False Eranthemum infected with the nematode |
Ganaie and Khan (2017) |
Whole plant extract |
Hoplolaimus indicus Longidorus sp. Pratylenchus sp. Xiphinema americanum |
High nematode mortality |
Pandey and Dwivedi (2000) |
Plant extract |
Aphelenchoides composticola |
70% mortality after 72 hr |
Khanna et al. (1988)a |
Green manure or plant powder |
Meloidogyne incognita Helicotylenchus dihystera Tylenchorhynchus nudus Pratylenchus zeae |
For green manure, increased plant growth, reduced nematode numbers; for plant powder, reduced nematode numbers but no improvement in plant growth |
Thakur (2014) |
Aqueous extract of stems, leaves, inflorescences |
Strongylus papillosus Haemonchus contortus (mammal parasites) |
Weak effect on S. papillosus J1, J2; no effect on J3 or H. contortus |
Boyko and Brygadyrenko (2019) |
Ethanol extracts of roots, leaves, inflorescences |
Steinernema spp. Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (EPNs) |
Highest attraction of dauer juveniles was to inflorescence extracts |
Laznik et al. (2020) |
Water extracts of plant tissue |
Meloidogyne incognita |
High mortality of J2 |
Singh and Singh (2002) |
Root and shoot extracts |
Hoplolaimus indicus Rotylenchulus reniformis Tylenchorynchus brassicae |
Effective mortality of nematode species tested down to 1:10 dilution |
Haseeb et al. (1978) |
Root extract |
Meloidogyne incognita |
Inhibited egg hatch, increased juvenile mortality |
Ganaie and Khan (2016) |
Leaf extract |
Meloidogyne incognita |
74–96% juvenile mortality |
Saxena and Gupta (2004) |
Leaf extract |
Meloidogyne incognita |
88% inhibition of egg hatch |
Adegbite (2011) |
Water extracts from ground leaves |
Meloidogyne javanica |
J2 mortality was 92% or higher at dilutions of 1:5 to 1:40 |
Nandal and Bhatti (1983) |
Water extracts from ground leaves |
Meloidogyne javanica |
Activity of 10-day-old extracts to J2 remained above 94% |
Nandal and Bhatti (1986) |
Hot and cold-water leaf extracts |
Aphelenchoides composticola |
Mortality increased with concentration, hot-water extracts more effective than cold extracts |
Grewal (1989) |
Aqueous leaf extract |
Heterodera cajani |
100% mortality of J2 after 24 and 48 hr of exposure |
Mojumdar et al. (1989) |
Boiled aqueous leaf extract |
Meloidogyne incognita |
Soaking chickpea seed in extract totally inhibited J2 invasion of seedlings |
Mojumder and Mishra (1991) |
Water extract of leaves |
Meloidogyne incognita |
100% mortality of juveniles |
Sharma (1996) |
Water extracts of macerated leaves |
Meloidogyne incognita |
Plant growth improved and J2 numbers reduced 40% on brinjal (eggplant) but not as much as with margosa extract |
Shah et al. (2018) |
Methanol extracts of dried, pulverized leaves |
Meloidogyne javanica |
89% mortality of J2 in 5% solution |
Amini et al. (2011) |
Water extracts from ground leaves |
Meloidogyne incognita |
Extracts gave high mortality of J2 after 72 hrs |
Mukhtar et al. (2013) |