Responses of , , and Sensitivity of Guava Production to  in Fruit Fly Integrated Pest Management

William K. Heve; Fahiem E. El-Borai; Evan G. Johnson; Daniel Carrillo; William T. Crow; Larry W. Duncan

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Responses of Anastrepha suspensa, Diachasmimorpha longicaudata, and Sensitivity of Guava Production to Heterorhabditis bacteriophora in Fruit Fly Integrated Pest Management

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| 17 paź 2018

Journal of Nematology

Tom 50 (2018): Zeszyt 3 (January 2018)

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Data publikacji: 17 paź 2018

Zakres stron: 261 - 272

DOI: https://doi.org/10.21307/jofnem-2018-039

Słowa kluczowe
Biological control, Cost minimization strategy, Amortization, Feasible Caribfly IPM, .

© 2018 William K. et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

The patterns of numbers of emerging (A) adult Caribfly and (B) parasitoid wasps (Diachasmimorpha longicaudata) observed in EPN treatments, with increasing IJ rate of Heterorhabditis bacteriophora applied over two Caribfly-infested guavas in the field. Tukey’s HSD tests at P ⩽ 0.05: same letter on top of bars (± standard errors) denotes no significant differences, even though numerical margins were observed, in accumulated densities of emerging adult Caribfly or the parasitoid wasps between application rates of Heterorhabditis bacteriophora.

Relationship between relative survival of Caribfly and increasing IJ rate of Heterorhabditis bacteriophora used to treat two infested guavas plot−1 in field trials from June to August 2017. The coefficient of determination and the probability statistic for significance level are R
2 and P, respectively. — Relationship between relative survival of Caribfly and increasing IJ rate of Heterorhabditis bacteriophora used to treat two infested guavas plot−1 in field trials from June to August 2017. The coefficient of determination and the probability statistic for significance level are R 2 and P, respectively.

Linear relationship between cumulative densities of emerging adult Caribfly and those of the surviving parasitoid wasps, Diachasmimorpha longicaudata. The coefficient of determination is R
2 whereas P is the probability statistic for significance level. — Linear relationship between cumulative densities of emerging adult Caribfly and those of the surviving parasitoid wasps, Diachasmimorpha longicaudata. The coefficient of determination is R 2 whereas P is the probability statistic for significance level.

Relationship between probability of observing large numbers of the parasitoid Diachasmimorpha longicaudata and the increasing IJ rate from 0 to 100 IJs cm−2, following EPN-augmentation of Heterorhabditis bacteriophora over two guavas in field trials from June to August 2017. The coefficient of determination is R
2, whereas the probability statistic for significance level is P. — Relationship between probability of observing large numbers of the parasitoid Diachasmimorpha longicaudata and the increasing IJ rate from 0 to 100 IJs cm−2, following EPN-augmentation of Heterorhabditis bacteriophora over two guavas in field trials from June to August 2017. The coefficient of determination is R 2, whereas the probability statistic for significance level is P.

Cost estimates for the possible EPN-augmentation approaches in guava orchards to achieve maximum suppression of Caribfly at the best IJ ratea.

Strategic EPN-augmentation option	In series, number of fruit tree⁻¹ on the ground	Total number of fruit on the ground in 1 hectare^b	Required IJs ha⁻¹ of Heterorhabditis bacteriophora	Estimated cost of total number of IJs (US$ ha⁻¹)
Hectare-wide EPN-augmentation or broadcasting at ‘(50 IJs cm⁻² spread over a fruit in 350 cm²)’ seems to be less cost-effective	na	na	5 × 10⁹	970^c
Applying Heterorhabditis bacteriophora IJs over each infested fruit on soil surface at 17,500 IJs fruit⁻¹ seems to be more economical	⩽1	⩽500	8,750,000	1.70
	2	1,000	17,500,000	3.40
	3	1,500	26,250,000	5.10
	4	2,000	35,000,000	6.79
	5^e	2,500	43,750,000	8.49
	6	3,000	52,500,000	10.19
	7	3,500	61,250,000	11.88
	8	4,000	70,000,000	13.58
	9	4,500	78,750,000	15.28
	10	5,000	87,500,000	16.98
	The average costs of Heterorhabditis bacteriophora IJs ha⁻¹ in each month			9.34^d

Cost-benefit analysis showing changing annual base net income level in response to varying total costs following inclusion of Heterorhabditis bacteriophora in Caribfly IPM plans to suppress Caribfly (Anastrepha suspensa) better in south Florida guava orchards.

		Methods to include Heterorhabditis bacteriophora in Caribfly IPM
	Before inclusion of Heterorhabditis bacteriophora in IPM	Spot treatment technique	Hectare-wide broadcasting
Details	US$ ha⁻¹	US$ ha⁻¹	US$ ha⁻¹
1. Production costs^a
Irrigation	494	494	494
Fertilizers	1,359	1,359	1,359
Insecticides	1,112	1,112	1,112
Herbicides	1,112	1,112	1,112
Fungicides	988	988	988
Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (in Table 1)	0	267	4,850
Labor (pruning; supervision; others)	1,606	1,606	1,606
Interest on capital (5%)	334	347	576
2. Fixed costs
Cash overhead:
Insurance	247	247	247
Taxes	247	247	247
Non-cash overhead:
Land rent	1,236	1,236	1,236
Other overhead	1,483	1,483	1,483
3. Harvesting and marketing costs
Picking and sales cost	6,919	6,919	6,919
4. Total costs	17,137	17,417	22,229
5. Returns on ‘wholesale base yield’
Annual wholesale base revenue^{b, c}	39,537	39,537	39,537
Annual base net income^d	22,400	22,120	17,308

eISSN:: 2640-396X
Język:: Angielski

Częstotliwość wydawania:: Volume Open
Dziedziny czasopisma:: Life Sciences, other

Kanał RSS czasopisma

Responses of Anastrepha suspensa, Diachasmimorpha longicaudata, and Sensitivity of Guava Production to Heterorhabditis bacteriophora in Fruit Fly Integrated Pest Management

Data publikacji: 17 paź 2018

Zakres stron: 261 - 272

DOI: https://doi.org/10.21307/jofnem-2018-039

Słowa kluczowe
Biological control, Cost minimization strategy, Amortization, Feasible Caribfly IPM, .

© 2018 William K. et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Figure 1

Figure 2.

Figure 3.

Figure 4.

Cost estimates for the possible EPN-augmentation approaches in guava orchards to achieve maximum suppression of Caribfly at the best IJ ratea.

Cost-benefit analysis showing changing annual base net income level in response to varying total costs following inclusion of Heterorhabditis bacteriophora in Caribfly IPM plans to suppress Caribfly (Anastrepha suspensa) better in south Florida guava orchards.

Responses of Anastrepha suspensa, Diachasmimorpha longicaudata, and Sensitivity of Guava Production to Heterorhabditis bacteriophora in Fruit Fly Integrated Pest Management

Data publikacji: 17 paź 2018

Zakres stron: 261 - 272

DOI: https://doi.org/10.21307/jofnem-2018-039

Słowa kluczoweBiological control, Cost minimization strategy, Amortization, Feasible Caribfly IPM, .

© 2018 William K. et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Figure 1

Figure 2.

Figure 3.

Figure 4.

Cost estimates for the possible EPN-augmentation approaches in guava orchards to achieve maximum suppression of Caribfly at the best IJ ratea.

Cost-benefit analysis showing changing annual base net income level in response to varying total costs following inclusion of Heterorhabditis bacteriophora in Caribfly IPM plans to suppress Caribfly (Anastrepha suspensa) better in south Florida guava orchards.

Słowa kluczowe
Biological control, Cost minimization strategy, Amortization, Feasible Caribfly IPM, .