1-5 Napthalenedisulphonic Acid Doped Polypyrrole thin films as Coatings to Optical Fibers for Organophosphate Sensing

[1]H. Nagase, K. Wakabayashi and T. Imanaka, “Effect of Doping Anions in Polypyrrole Gas Sensors”, Sensors & Actuators B chemical, Vol. 14, 1993, pp. 596597.10.1016/0925-4005(93)85107-L Search in Google Scholar

[2]N. E. Agbor, M. C. Petty and A. P. Monkman, “Polyaniline Thin Films for Gas Sensing” Sensors & Actuators B chemical, Vol. 28, 1995, pp. 173-179.10.1016/0925-4005(95)01725-9 Search in Google Scholar

[3]H. V. Shurmer, P. Corcoran and J. W. Gardner, “Integrated Arrays of Gas Sensors using Conducting Polymers with Molecular Sieves”, Sensors & Actuators B chemical, Vol. 4, 1991, pp. 29-33.10.1016/0925-4005(91)80174-I Search in Google Scholar

[4]J.M. Slater, J. Paynter and E. J. Watt, “Multi-layer Conducting Polymer Gas Sensor Arrays for Olfactory Sensing”, The Analyst, Vol. 118(4), 1993, pp.379 – 384.10.1039/an9931800379 Search in Google Scholar

[5]X. Du, Z. Wang, J. Huang, S. Tao, X. Tang and Y. Jiang, “A New Polysiloxane Coating on qcm sensor for dmmp vapor detection”, Journal of Materials Science, Vol. 44, n 21, 2009, pp. 5872-5876.10.1007/s10853-009-3829-5 Search in Google Scholar

[6]Z. Ying, Y. Jiang, X. Du, G. Xie, J. Yu and H. Wang , “pvdf coated Quartz Crystal Microbalance Sensor for dmmp vapor detection”, Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, Vol. 125, issue 1, July 2007, pp.167-172.10.1016/j.snb.2007.02.002 Search in Google Scholar

[7]Y. Liu, H. Yu, S. Gao, X. Gan, M. Liu, G. Zuo, Z. Cheng and X. Li, “Hyperbranched Sensing Polymers Self-Assembled on Resonant Micro-Cantilever Sensors for Ultra-low Concentration DMMP Vapor Detection”, Solid-State Sensors, Actuators and Microsystems Conference, 2009. transducers 2009. International, pp 987 – 990.10.1109/SENSOR.2009.5285983 Search in Google Scholar

[8]Y. Wang, Z. Zhou, Z. Yang, X. Chen, D. Xu and Y. Zhang, “Gas Sensors Based on Deposited Single-walled Carbon Nanotube Networks for dmmp Detection”, Nanotechnology 20 345502.10.1088/0957-4484/20/34/34550219652278 Search in Google Scholar

[9]F. Wang, H. Gu, and T. M. Swager, “Carbonnanotube/Polythiophene Chemiresistive Sensors for Chemical Warfare Agents”, J. Am. Chem. Soc. Vol. 130, 2008, pp. 5392–5393.10.1021/ja710795k18373343 Search in Google Scholar

[10]H. J. Kharat, K. Datta, P. Ghosh, S. B. Kadam and M. d. Shirsat, “Development of Optical Fiber Chemical Sensorfor Detection of Ammonia”, International Conference on Optics and Photonics Icop 2009, Chandigarh India, 2009. Search in Google Scholar

[11]M. A. El-Sherif and J. Yuan, “Fiber Optic Sensors and Smart Fabrics”, J. of Intelligent Materials Systems and Structures, Vol. 11, 2000, pp. 407-414.10.1106/MKNK-E482-GWUG-0HE7 Search in Google Scholar

[12]J. Yuan and M. El-Sherif, “Fiber-Optic Chemical Sensor Using Polyaniline as modified Cladding Material,” IEEE Sensor Journal, Vol.3, No 1, February 2003 pp. 5-12.10.1109/JSEN.2003.809023 Search in Google Scholar

[13]Y. Osada, D. E. De Rossi. “Polymer Sensors and Actuators Berlin”; New York: Springer-Verlag, 2000.10.1007/978-3-662-04068-3 Search in Google Scholar

[14]S. Khalil and M.A El-Sherif, “Development of Smart Textiles with Embedded Fiber Optic Sensors,” Advanced Environmental, Chemical and Biological Sensing Technologies, SPIE International Symposium on Photonics Technologies for Automatic and Manufacturing, Providence, RI, Oct. 27-30, 2003.10.1117/12.515068 Search in Google Scholar

[15]J. Radhakrishnan and M. A. El-Sherif,”Analysis on Spatial Intensity Modulation for Fiber Optic Sensor Applications”, J. Optical Fiber Technology, Vol. 2, No.1, January 1996, pp. 114-126,.10.1006/ofte.1996.0013 Search in Google Scholar

[16]J. Yuan, “Polymer Materials as Modified Optical Fiber Cladding for Chemical Sensors”, PhD Thesis, April 2001, Advisor: M. El-Sherif. Search in Google Scholar

[17]D. R. Kim, W. Cha and W. -K. Paik, “Ellipsometric Studies on Polypyrrole and Polyaniline”, Synthetic Metals, Vol. 84, 1997, pp. 759-760.10.1016/S0379-6779(96)04133-1 Search in Google Scholar

[18]M. Omastova, M. Lazar and S. Kosina, Polym. Int. 34,1994, pp. 151.10.1002/pi.1994.210340205 Search in Google Scholar

[19]R. Kostic, D. Radovic, S.A. Stepanyan, I.E. Davidova and L.A. Gribov, “Vibrational Spectroscopy of Polypyrrole, Theoretical Study”, J. Chem. Phy, Vol. 102 (8), 1995.10.1063/1.468620 Search in Google Scholar

[20]M. Omastová, M. Trchová, J. Ková ová and J. Stejskal, “Synthesis and Structural study of Polypyrroles prepared in the presence of Surfactants”,Synthetic Metals, Vol. 138, 2003, pp. 447-455.10.1016/S0379-6779(02)00498-8 Search in Google Scholar

[21]Yu-C. Liu and B.-J. Hwang, “Identification of oxidized polypyrrole on Raman spectrum”, Synthetic Metals, Vol. 113, 2000, pp. 203-207.10.1016/S0379-6779(00)00188-0 Search in Google Scholar

[22]D. Y. Kim, J. Y. Lee, D. K. Moon and C. Y. Kim, “Stability of Reduced Polypyrrole”, Synthetic Metals, Vol. 69, 1995, pp. 471-474.10.1016/0379-6779(94)02531-3 Search in Google Scholar

[23]S. Gottesfeld, Y.T. Kim, and A. Redondo, in: I. “Rubinstein(Ed.), Physical Electrochemistry, Principles, Methods, and Applications”, Marcel Dekker, New York, 1995, pp. 393. Search in Google Scholar

[24]R.H. Muller, in: “Techniques for Characterization of Electrode and Electrochemical Processes”, Wiley, New York, 1990, pp. 125. Search in Google Scholar

[25]R.M.A. Azzam, N.M. Bashara, Ellipsometry and Polarized Light, North- Holland, Amsterdam, 1987, Chap. 4, pp. 269.10.1016/S0003-2670(00)82849-4 Search in Google Scholar

[26]S. Gottesfeld, in: “A.J. Bard (Ed.), Advances in Electrochemistry. A Series of Advantages”, Marcel Dekker, New York, 1989, pp. 143. Search in Google Scholar

[27]M.T. Giacomini, L.M.M. de Souza and E.A. Ticianelli, “Spectroscopic Ellipsometry Investigation of the Redox Process of Polypyrrole in Several Aqueous Solutions, Surface Science, vol. 409, 1998, pp. 465–473.10.1016/S0039-6028(98)00256-8 Search in Google Scholar

[28]G.E. Collins and L.J. Buckley,”Conductive Polymer Coated Fabrics for Chemical Sensing”, Synthetic Metals, Vol. 78, 1996, pp. 93-101.10.1016/0379-6779(96)80108-1 Search in Google Scholar

[29]K. Potje-Kamloth, “Chemical Gas Sensors based on Organic Semiconductor Polypyrrole”, Critical Reviews in Analytical Chemistry, Vol. 32, 2002, pp. 121-140.10.1080/10408340290765489 Search in Google Scholar

[30]L. Ruangchuay, A. Sirivat, and J.Schwank, “Electrical Conductivity Response of Polypyrrole to Acetone Vapor: Effect of Dopant Anions and Interaction Mechanisms”, Synthetic Metals, Article in press. Search in Google Scholar

[31]J.P. Blanc, N. Derouiche, A. El Hadri, J.P. Germain, C. Maleysson and H. Robert, “Study of Action of Gases on a Polypyrrole Film, Sensors and Actuators, B1, 1990, pp. 130-133.10.1016/0925-4005(90)80187-5 Search in Google Scholar

[32]L.J Kepley and R.M Crooks, A.J Ricco, “A selective SAW-based Organophosphonate Chemical Sensor Employing a Self-assembled, Composite Monolayer: A New Paradigm for Sensor Design”, Anal Chem, Vol. 64, 1992, pp. 3191-3193.10.1021/ac00048a018 Search in Google Scholar

[33]S. Khalil, L. Bansal, M. El-Sherif, “Intrinsic Fiber Optic Chemical Sensor for the Detection of Dimethyl Methylphosphonate”, Opt. Eng. Vol. 43(11), November 2004, pp. 2683–2688.10.1117/1.1786294 Search in Google Scholar

[34]S-Y Lee, S-E Bae, S-H Paek and C-W Lee, “Polypyrrole Films Investigated by Electrochemical Quartz Crystal Oscillator and Four Probe Techniques”, Synthetic Metals, Vol. 117, 2001, pp. 105-107.10.1016/S0379-6779(00)00547-6 Search in Google Scholar

[35]D. Sutar, R. Menon and S.V. Subramanyam, “Study of Electrical Conduction in Polypyrrole by Varying the Doping level”, Thin Solid Films, Vol. 417, 2002, pp. 4042.10.1016/S0040-6090(02)00649-1 Search in Google Scholar

[36]R.H.M. Van de leur and A. Van der Waal, “Gas and Vapor Detection using Polypyrrole”, Synthetic Metals, Vol. 102, 1999, pp. 1330-1331.10.1016/S0379-6779(98)01055-8 Search in Google Scholar

[37]A. D. Child and H. H. Kuhn, “Enhancement of the Thermal Stability of Chemically Synthesized Polypyrrole”, Synthetic Metals, Vol. 84, 1997, pp. 141-142.10.1016/S0379-6779(97)80684-4Search in Google Scholar