Specimen | Yield force (kN) | Yield deflection (mm) | Peak force (kN) | Peak deflection (mm) |
---|---|---|---|---|
FC-Reference | 170.02 | 3.31 | 267.95 | 37.58 |
FC-30SF | 114.18 | 5.31 | 257.47 | 26.79 |
FC-60SF | 132.31 | 5.51 | 218.24 | 12.52 |
F3-30SF | 60.11 | 2.22 | 104.36 | 9.66 |
F3-60SF | 73.51 | 1.74 | 113.10 | 12.80 |
F4-30SF | 122.12 | 3.27 | 196.23 | 12.89 |
F4-60SF | 128.13 | 4.53 | 204.37 | 20.11 |
|
|||
Length (mm) | 30 | Tensile strength (MPa) | 1100 |
Diameter (mm) | 0.75 | Aspect ratio | 0.40 |
Group | Specimen | Ultimate Load (kN) | Ultimate Moment (kNm) |
---|---|---|---|
|
AL-Reference-0 | 122.6 | 0 |
AL-Reference-10 | 99.6 | 0.99 | |
AL-Reference-20 | 95.7 | 1.91 | |
AL-Reference-30 | 92.8 | 2.77 | |
Theoretical Result | 0 | 2.78 | |
|
AL-30SF-0 | 217.9 | 0 |
AL-30SF-10 | 140.5 | 1.41 | |
AL-30SF-20 | 105.9 | 2.12 | |
AL-30SF-30 | 99.7 | 2.99 | |
Theoretical Result | 0 | 2.78 | |
|
AL-60SF-0 | 142.9 | 0 |
AL-60SF-10 | 99.2 | 0.99 | |
AL-60SF-20 | 97.1 | 1.94 | |
AL-60SF-30 | 93.8 | 2.81 | |
Theoretical Result | 0 | 2.79 |
kg/m3 | First Group | Second Group | Third Group |
---|---|---|---|
Fine aggregate (0-12mm) | 1420 | 1420 | 1420 |
Coarse aggregate (12-28 mm) | 510 | 510 | 510 |
Cement | 320 | 320 | 320 |
Admixture | 6.4 | 6.4 | 6.4 |
Steel fibers | — | 30 | 60 |
Water/Cement ratio | 0.31 | 0.31 | 0.31 |
|
34 | 32.6 | 34.4 |
|
59.0 | 58.3 | 58.6 |
|
32.1 | 33.2 | 42.4 |
Specimens | TU-Exp | Tu-mode II/Tu-exp | TTS-2018/TU-Exp | TAC318-14/TU-Exp | TEurocode-2/TU-Exp | TAS3600/TU-Exp | TBS8110/TU-Exp | THsu/TU-Exp | TRauch/TU-Exp |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
T-Reference | 5.37 | - | 0.67 | 0.67 | 0.70 | 0.86 | 0.47 | 1.12 | 1.24 |
T30SF | 7.50 | 0.58 | 0.48 | 0.48 | 0.50 | 0.62 | 0.34 | 0.79 | 0.89 |
T60SF | 11.06 | 0.40 | 0.33 | 0.32 | 0.34 | 0.42 | 0.23 | 0.55 | 0.60 |
Specimens | Vu-Exp (kN) | Vn-ACI (kN) |
|
|
|
Energy Dissipation Capacity (kNmm) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
FC-Reference | 267.95 | 64.89 | 0.24 | 72.84 | 0.27 | 1302.7 |
FC-30SF | 257.47 | 64.19 | 0.25 | 72.84 | 0.28 | 5726.1 |
FC-60SF | 218.24 | 65.09 | 0.30 | 72.84 | 0.33 | 1122.3 |
F3-30SF | 104.36 | 64.19 | 0.62 | 72.84 | 0.70 | 266.3 |
F3-60SF | 113.10 | 65.09 | 0.58 | 72.84 | 0.64 | 226.4 |
F4-30SF | 196.23 | 64.19 | 0.33 | 72.84 | 0.37 | 887.6 |
F4-60SF | 204.37 | 65.09 | 0.32 | 72.84 | 0.36 | 1313.8 |
Specimens | Steel Fibers (kg/m3) | Loading Type |
---|---|---|
T-Reference | — | Torsion |
T30SF | 30 | Torsion |
T60SF | 60 | Torsion |
FC-Reference | — | Overhanging |
FC-30SF | 30 | Overhanging |
FC-60SF | 60 | Overhanging |
F3-30SF | 30 | Three-point bending |
F3-60SF | 60 | Three-point bending |
F4-30SF | 30 | Four-point bending |
F4-60SF | 60 | Four-point bending |
AL-Reference-0 | — | Axial load without eccentricity |
AL-Reference-10 | — | Axial load with 10 mm eccentricity |
AL-Reference-20 | — | Axial load with 20 mm eccentricity |
AL-Reference-30 | — | Axial load with 30 mm eccentricity |
AL-30SF-0 | 30 | Axial load without eccentricity |
AL-30SF-10 | 30 | Axial load with 10 mm eccentricity |
AL-30SF-20 | 30 | Axial load with 20 mm eccentricity |
AL-30SF-30 | 30 | Axial load with 30 mm eccentricity |
AL-60SF-0 | 60 | Axial load without eccentricity |
AL-60SF-10 | 60 | Axial load with 10 mm eccentricity |
AL-60SF-20 | 60 | Axial load with 20 mm eccentricity |
AL-60SF-30 | 60 | Axial load with 30 mm eccentricity |
Chemical properties (%) | Physical and mechanical properties | ||
---|---|---|---|
SO3 | 2.84 | 2 days Compressive strength (MPa) | 27.90 |
MgO | 2.58 | 28 days Compressive strength (MPa) | 58.00 |
CaO | 63.65 | Initial setting time (min) | 151 |
Al2O3 | 4.48 | Final setting time (min) | 191 |
K2O | 0.62 | Specific gravity (g/cm3) | 3.12 |
SiO2 | 18.10 | Specific surface (cm2/g) | 3690 |
Na2O | 0.21 | Total volume exp. (mm) | 1.0 |
Fe2O3 | 3.09 | Water requirement of cement (%) | 29.5 |
CI- | 0.015 | Fineness (%) | 7.15 |
Specimens | Tu (kNm) | θu (deg/m) | Tcr (kNm) | θcr (deg/m) | θyeld (deg/m) | μθ | Energy Dissipation Capacity (kN.deg) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
T-Reference | 5.37 | 2.55 | 0.29 | 1.60 | 2.14 | 1.19 | 12.02 |
T30SF | 7.50 | 3.06 | 0.50 | 1.62 | 2.46 | 1.24 | 20.17 |
T60SF | 11.06 | 5.58 | 0.60 | 1.31 | 4.30 | 1.30 | 54.72 |