<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><sec id="j_sjph-2016-0011_s_356_w2aab3b8b6b1b7b1aab1c15b1Aa"><h3>Background</h3><p>Population ageing has significant effects on societies. The organization of care for dependent old people is one of the key issues for ageing societies. The majority of care for homebound dependent old people in Slovenia is still performed by informal carers, even though the use of formal services has been increasing over the last 20 years. The proportion and characteristics of people with unmet needs are important for the development of long term care social policy.</p></sec><sec id="j_sjph-2016-0011_s_358_w2aab3b8b6b1b7b1aab1c15b2Aa"><h3>Method</h3><p>The SHARE (Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe) survey was used to assess the determinants of care arrangements and of unmet needs of the aging population in Slovenia. Multinomial regression analysis was used to evaluate individual and contextual determinants of care arrangements and unmet needs.</p></sec><sec id="j_sjph-2016-0011_s_359_w2aab3b8b6b1b7b1aab1c15b3Aa"><h3>Results</h3><p>The proportion of older people with unmet needs is 4%. As expected, “needs” (Functional impairment OR=4.89, P=0.000, Depression OR=2.59, P=0.001) were the most important determinant, followed by the predisposing factor “age” (age OR 1.15, P=0.000) and two enabling factors, namely:“community setting and “availability of informal care within household” (Urban areas OR=.47, P=0.021; Household size 3+ OR=2.11, P=0.030).</p></sec><sec id="j_sjph-2016-0011_s_361_w2aab3b8b6b1b7b1aab1c15b4Aa"><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This study showed that there are a proportion of older people in Slovenia with severe needs for care, which are being unmet. As shown by the importance of enabling factors, social policy should encourage the development of formal services in rural areas and elaborate policy measures for informal carers.</p></sec></abstract>

BackgroundPopulation ageing has significant effects on societies. The organization of care for dependent old people is one of the key issues for ageing societies. The majority of care for homebound dependent old people in Slovenia is still performed by informal carers, even though the use of formal services has been increasing over the last 20 years. The proportion and characteristics of people with unmet needs are important for the development of long term care social policy.MethodThe SHARE (Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe) survey was used to assess the determinants of care arrangements and of unmet needs of the aging population in Slovenia. Multinomial regression analysis was used to evaluate individual and contextual determinants of care arrangements and unmet needs.ResultsThe proportion of older people with unmet needs is 4%. As expected, “needs” (Functional impairment OR=4.89, P=0.000, Depression OR=2.59, P=0.001) were the most important determinant, followed by the predisposing factor “age” (age OR 1.15, P=0.000) and two enabling factors, namely:“community setting and “availability of informal care within household” (Urban areas OR=.47, P=0.021; Household size 3+ OR=2.11, P=0.030).ConclusionThis study showed that there are a proportion of older people in Slovenia with severe needs for care, which are being unmet. As shown by the importance of enabling factors, social policy should encourage the development of formal services in rural areas and elaborate policy measures for informal carers.

Determinants of Unmet Needs Among Slovenian Old Population

University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Social Sciences, Kardeljeva ploščad 5, 1000 Ljubljana,

Institute for Economic Research, Kardeljeva ploščad 17, 1000 Ljubljana,

Slovenian Journal of Public Health

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

DETERMINANTE NEZADOVOLJENIH POTREB PO OSKRBI MED STAREJŠO SLOVENSKO POPULACIJO

BackgroundPopulation ageing has significant effects on societies. The organization of care for dependent old people is one of the key issues for ageing...

Needs	N	%	95% Cl
No needs	1262	86.62	84.77-88.27%
Formal care	40	2.75	2.02-3.72%
Informal care within household	51	3.50	2.67-4.58%
Informal care outside household	41	2.81	2.08-3.80%
Unmet needs	63	4.32	3.39-5.50%

			Type of need (ref.cat: Category 0 - no needs)
	Formal care		Informal care within household		Informal care outside household		Unmet needs
Variables	OR	95% CI	OR	95% CI	OR	95% CI	OR	95% CI
Age
	1.14 < 0.01;	1.08-1.21	1.10 < 0.01;	1.04-1.16	1.12 < 0.01;	1.07-1.18	1.15 < 0.01;	1.10-1.20
Gender (ref.cat.: men)
Women	0.86	0.35-2.10	0.40 < 0.05	0.19-0.87	1.01	0.41-2.47	1.05	0.55-2.04
Education (ref.cat: primary or lower)
Secondary or tertiary	0.90	0.40-2.04	0.52 < 0.10	0.24-1.10	0.47 < 0.10	0.20-1.12	0.67	0.35-1.30
Household size (ref.cat.: less than 3)
3 or more	1.25	0.44-3.52	2.06 < 0.10	0.94-4.51	0.66	0.22-1.98	2.11 < 0.05	1.10-4.05
Spouse (ref.cat.: doesn't live with a spouse)
Lives with a spouse	0.57	0.24-1.34	2.15 < 0.10	0.88-5.21	0.25 < 0.01;	0.10-0.62	1.27	0.66-2.46
Income (winsorized, logarithm)
	0.88	0.50-1.55	0.91	0.52-1.59	0.83	0.49-1.41	0.85	0.54-1.35
Settlement (ref.cat.: rural)
Urban	2.19 < 0.10	0.98-4.92	0.83	0.40-1.74	0.54	0.24-1.18	0.47 < 0.05	0.24-0.91
GALI limitations (ref.cat.: less than very limited)
Verylimited	11.56 < 0.01;	5.44-24.58	14.46 < 0.01;	6.89-30.35	5.85 < 0.01;	2.90-11.82	4.89 < 0.01;	2.73-8.73
Depression (ref.cat.: less than 4)
4ormore	2.74 < 0.01;	1.28-5.88	2.84 < 0.01;	1.38-5.82	1.37	0.68-2.76	2.59 < 0.01;	1.44-4.65
Observations	1372
Log Likelihood	-577.88
Pseudo R square(McFadden)	0.2458

Determinants of Unmet Needs Among Slovenian Old Population

Article Category: Original scientific article

Data publikacji: 10 mar 2016

Zakres stron: 78 - 85

Otrzymano: 08 cze 2015

Przyjęty: 19 paź 2015

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/sjph-2016-0011

Słowa kluczowe
unmet needs, formal and informal care, multinomial regression analysis, surveys, SHARE, older people, Andersen’s behavioural model

© National Institute of Public Health, Slovenia

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Distribution of dependent variable needs.

Results of Multinomial logistic model.

Determinants of Unmet Needs Among Slovenian Old Population

Article Category: Original scientific article

Data publikacji: 10 mar 2016

Zakres stron: 78 - 85

Otrzymano: 08 cze 2015

Przyjęty: 19 paź 2015

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/sjph-2016-0011

Słowa kluczoweunmet needs, formal and informal care, multinomial regression analysis, surveys, SHARE, older people, Andersen’s behavioural model

© National Institute of Public Health, Slovenia

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Distribution of dependent variable needs.

Results of Multinomial logistic model.

Słowa kluczowe
unmet needs, formal and informal care, multinomial regression analysis, surveys, SHARE, older people, Andersen’s behavioural model