Turkey | Historic buildings and heritage site | GIS | Explored workflows with BIM and GIS integration capabilities in 3D modelling for historic buildings Proposed enhancement of heritage information management and digital archiving of historic buildings | |
Ireland | Historic buildings and heritage site | CityGML | Use of geometric descriptive language to create Historic BIM Documentation and analysis of cultural heritage sites | |
UK | Integration of cities | GIS | Creation of 3D computer model of two adjacent cities Explored the convergence of GIS, BIM and 3D city modelling | |
USA | Construction site management | GIS | Location optimization of tower cranes at construction sites Integrating BIM with GIS at application level through BIM implementation in the geospatial environment | |
Sweden | Building elements and features | CityGML | Development of a unified building model Merging of overlapping concepts in CityGML and IFC Redefinition of spatial relationship between objects | |
USA | Construction supply chain management | GIS | Visual monitoring of construction supply chain events Mapping the flow of materials and resources in supply chain | |
China | Levels of detail | IFC | Development of reference ontology to exchange semantic information between IFC models and CityGML models Harmonization of LoDs in CityGML models and IFC models | |
USA | Semantic Web | CAD | Interoperability of CAD and GIS Use of web ontologies to resolve potential semantic challenges | |
The Netherlands | Level of detail | IFC | Proposed a framework for SM between models in IFC and CityGML formats | |
Germany | Interior utilities | IFC | Integration of 3D BIM network data into 3D city models/GIS Used SM of building’s interior utility elements to the corresponding utility network in CityGML | |
Germany | Spatial analysis | Spatial query | Use of spatial operators in SQL to query 3D building data and 3D city models Creating SQL for building information models | |
Germany | Shield tunnels | IFC | Proposed a multi-scale representation of shield tunnel models (as obtained in GIS) in BIM Suggested extension of IFC data model to include multi-scale representation of shield tunnels | |
USA | Semantic Web on preconstruction operations | GIS | Translation of BIM and GIS data to Semantic Web format Generation of database query to access Semantic Web data | |
Germany | Semantic Web | CAD | Integration of CAD, GIS and BIM through a service-based system Web service-based integrated visualization of semantic-enhanced information | |
Germany | Building elements and features | IFC | Developed a Quartierdaten-Management system (QUASY) model, which is a hybrid of IFC and CityGML standard The model represents semantic objects geometrically described by surfaces visible to the user | |
Germany | Land survey | IFC | Modelling of topology and geometry in IFC Proposed considerations of geodetic measurements and coordinate frames in IFC | |
Netherlands | Semantic Web | CityGML | Development of CityGML extension known as GeoBIM The use of the Web (BIMServer) to implement output | |
Thailand | Data exchange | CAD | The use of query-based ontological engineering methodology to enable semantic interoperability between CAD and GIS | |
Turkey | Site selection and safety management | IFC | Implementation of IFC in a geospatial environment for GIS-related investigations Demonstration of BIM providing sufficient level of information for GIS-based site selection and fire response | |
Germany | Spatial analysis | CityGML | Proposed reducing the challenges with spatio-semantic coherence of 3D models in data integration | |
Egypt | Project management | GIS | Visualization of project progress at distributed sites using GIS Development of mathematical model for time control of repetitive construction tasks BIM-compliant dynamic integration of project progress | |
Germany/The Netherlands/Turkey | Water utility network | CAD | Integrating 3D BIM utilities network into GIS Development of software component to convert IFC to CityGML | |
The Netherlands | View coverage and shadow analysis | IFC | Integration of IFC BIM model in GIS environment Use of extract, transform, load process to convert IFC data to geographic format and geo-referencing of such data |