Relationships between the Baltic Sea ice extent and ice parameters in the sheltered basins of the southern Baltic coast
oraz | 25 wrz 2020
O artykule
Article Category: Research Article
Data publikacji: 25 wrz 2020
Zakres stron: 291 - 303
Otrzymano: 18 gru 2019
Przyjęty: 09 mar 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/ohs-2020-0026
© 2020 Faculty of Oceanography and Geography, University of Gdańsk, Poland
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
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Linear correlation coefficients between the following ice parameters: ice season duration (S), number of days with ice (N) and maximum ice thickness (H) in southern Baltic coastal lagoons in the period from 1946/1947 to 2017/18
| Ice parameters | Lagoons | Szczecin | Puck | Vistula |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| S | Szczecin | 1 | ||
| Puck | 0.89 | 1 | ||
| Vistula | 0.80 | 0.85 | 1 | |
| N | Szczecin | 1 | ||
| Puck | 0.93 | 1 | ||
| Vistula | 0.87 | 0.91 | 1 | |
| H | Szczecin | 1 | ||
| Puck | 0.85 | 1 | ||
| Vistula | 0.88 | 0.88 | 1 |
Morphometric and bathymetric data for the sheltered basins of the southern Baltic Sea coast (after Łazarienko & Majewski 1975; Majewski 1980; Nowacki 1993; Janczak 1997; Choinski 2006)
| Basins | Elevation (m a.s.l.) | Surface area (km2) | Volume (km3) | Average depth (m) | Maximum depth (m) | Shoreline length (km) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lagoons | ||||||
| Szczecin | 0.0 | 686.9 | 2.582 | 3.8 | 8.6 | 243.0 |
| Puck | 0.0 | 102.7 | 0.320 | 3.1 | 9.7 | 52.0 |
| Vistula | 0.0 | 838.0 | 2.300 | 2.6 | 5.1 | 270.0 |
| Jamno | 0.1 | 22.30 | 0.032 | 1.4 | 3.9 | 28.3 |
| Bukowo | 0.1 | 16.44 | 0.032 | 1.8 | 2.8 | 23.2 |
| Gardno | 0.3 | 23.37 | 0.031 | 1.3 | 2.6 | 23.3 |
| Łebsko | 0.3 | 70.02 | 0.118 | 1.6 | 6.3 | 55.9 |
Linear correlation coefficients between the maximum annual ice extent in the Baltic Sea (MIB) and ice parameters: ice season duration (S), number of days with ice (N) and maximum ice thickness (H) in southern Baltic coastal lakes (from 1960/1961 to 2017/18)
| Ice parameters | Lakes | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jamno | Bukowo | Gardno | Łebsko | All lakes (average) | |
| S | 0.74 | 0.75 | 0.72 | 0.70 | 0.76 |
| N | 0.80 | 0.80 | 0.78 | 0.80 | 0.82 |
| H | 0.67 | 0.72 | 0.77 | 0.72 | 0.75 |
Mean, standard deviation (SD) and extreme values (per season and basin) of selected ice parameters: ice season duration (S), number of days with ice (N), maximum ice thickness (H) in groups of southern Baltic coastal lagoons (1946/1947 through 2017/2018) and lakes (1960/1961 through 2017/2018)
| Ice parameters | Mean | SD | maximum | minimum | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| values | season | basin | values | season | basin | |||
| Lagoons | ||||||||
| S (days) | 77.5 | 39.8 | 151 | 1962/63 | Vistula | 0 | repeatedly | |
| N (days) | 63.9 | 37.6 | 138 | 1969/70 | Vistula | 0 | repeatedly | |
| H (cm) | 22.5 | 15.0 | 70 | 1962/63 | Puck | 0 | repeatedly | |
| S (days) | 84.1 | 36.3 | 160 | 1979/80 | Gardno | 0 | 1974/75 | Jamno, Bukowo |
| N (days) | 68.3 | 34.3 | 142 | 1995/96 | Gardno | 0 | 1974/75 | Jamno, Bukowo |
| H (cm) | 21.7 | 12.1 | 60 | 2009/10 | Jamno | 0 | 1974/75 | Jamno, Bukowo |
Probability of ice occurrence (p) and its standard deviation (SD) in southern Baltic coastal lagoons (1946/1947 through 2017/2018) and lakes (1960/1961 through 2017/2018)
| statistical | Lagoons | Lakes | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| parameters | Szczecin | Puck | Vistula | Jamno | Bukowo | Gardno | Łebsko |
| p | 0.92 | 0.96 | 1 | 0.98 | 0.98 | 1 | 1 |
| SD | 0.032 | 0.028 | 0 | 0.019 | 0.019 | 0 | 0 |
Mean and extreme values of selected ice parameters: ice season duration (S), number of days with ice (N), maximum ice thickness (H) in southern Baltic coastal lagoons (1946/1947 through 2017/2018) and lakes (1960/1961 through 2017/2018)
| Ice parameters | Lagoons | Lakes | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Szczecin | Puck | Vistula | Jamno | Bukowo | Gardno | Łebsko | ||
| S (days) | shortest | 0 | 0 | 16 | 0 | 0 | 15 | 12 |
| mean | 66.1 | 70.5 | 96.2 | 80.2 | 80.2 | 88.7 | 87.3 | |
| longest | 135 | 139 | 151 | 134 | 139 | 160 | 159 | |
| N (days) | minimum | 0 | 0 | 11 | 0 | 0 | 15 | 12 |
| mean | 51.9 | 57.5 | 82.4 | 65.3 | 66.8 | 73.3 | 67.9 | |
| maximum | 123 | 128 | 138 | 133 | 139 | 142 | 142 | |
| H (cm) | lowest | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 3 |
| mean | 17.7 | 21.0 | 28.9 | 21.6 | 22.1 | 21.6 | 21.5 | |
| highest | 60 | 70 | 70 | 45 | 52 | 48 | 52 | |
Linear correlation coefficients between the following ice parameters: ice season duration (S), number of days with ice (N) and maximum ice thickness (H) in southern Baltic coastal lakes in the period from 1960/1961 to 2017/18
| Ice parameters | Lakes | Jamno | Bukowo | Gardno | Łebsko |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| S | Jamno | 1 | |||
| Bukowo | 0.95 | 1 | |||
| Gardno | 0.88 | 0.89 | 1 | ||
| Łebsko | 0.87 | 0.88 | 0.96 | 1 | |
| N | Jamno | 1 | |||
| Bukowo | 0.96 | 1 | |||
| Gardno | 0.88 | 0.86 | 1 | ||
| Łebsko | 0.96 | 0.96 | 0.90 | 1 | |
| H | Jamno | 1 | |||
| Bukowo | 0.88 | 1 | |||
| Gardno | 0.87 | 0.88 | 1 | ||
| Łebsko | 0.83 | 0.89 | 0.91 | 1 |
Linear correlation coefficients between the maximum annual ice extent in the Baltic Sea (MIB) and ice parameters: ice season duration (S), number of days with ice (N) and maximum ice thickness (H) in southern Baltic coastal lagoons in the period from 1946/1947 to 2017/18
| Ice parameters | Lagoons | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Szczecin | Puck | Vistula | All lagoons (average) | |
| S | 0.72 | 0.73 | 0.69 | 0.81 |
| N | 0.73 | 0.79 | 0.73 | 0.82 |
| H | 0.80 | 0.79 | 0.79 | 0.82 |