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Long-term changes in phytoplankton and macrophyte communities in an eutrophic shallow reservoir and prospects for its restoration

Alexander Rusanov
Alexander Rusanov
, 
Irina Trifonova
Irina Trifonova
, 
Natalia Ignatyeva
Natalia Ignatyeva
 oraz 
Oksana Pavlova
Oksana Pavlova
   | 18 cze 2020
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Article Category: Research Article
Data publikacji: 18 cze 2020
Zakres stron: 168 - 183
Otrzymano: 05 lis 2019
Przyjęty: 14 sty 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/ohs-2020-0016
© 2020 Faculty of Oceanography and Geography, University of Gdańsk, Poland
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Figure 1

Map of the Sestroretskiy Razliv reservoir; 1, 2 and 3 are the sampling locations
Map of the Sestroretskiy Razliv reservoir; 1, 2 and 3 are the sampling locations

Figure 2

Changes in the water quality parameters during the sampling years (1980, 2002, 2016 and 2018) in the Sestroretskiy Razliv reservoir
Changes in the water quality parameters during the sampling years (1980, 2002, 2016 and 2018) in the Sestroretskiy Razliv reservoir

Figure 3

Changes in the total phytoplankton biomass, chlorophyll a, and relative biomass of diatoms and cyanobacteria during the sampling years (1980, 2002, 2016 and 2018) in the Sestroretskiy Razliv reservoir
Changes in the total phytoplankton biomass, chlorophyll a, and relative biomass of diatoms and cyanobacteria during the sampling years (1980, 2002, 2016 and 2018) in the Sestroretskiy Razliv reservoir

Figure 4

Relationships between phytoplankton biomass (a) and chlorophyll a (b) and total phosphorus (TP)
Relationships between phytoplankton biomass (a) and chlorophyll a (b) and total phosphorus (TP)

Figure 5

Relationship between relative biomass of cyanobacteria and the N/P ratio
Relationship between relative biomass of cyanobacteria and the N/P ratio

Figure 6

Map of the spatial distribution of aquatic vegetation, including emergent helophytes (1) and floating-leaved plants (2) in the Sestroretskiy Razliv reservoir in 2016
Map of the spatial distribution of aquatic vegetation, including emergent helophytes (1) and floating-leaved plants (2) in the Sestroretskiy Razliv reservoir in 2016

Means (and ranges) of the water quality parameters in the Sestroretskiy Razliv reservoir in different years (1980, 2002, 2016 and 2018). The comparison of the means among different years was carried out using ANOVA with the Tukey–Kramer test. The Tukey–Kramer test results are indicated by superscripts.

Parameter 1980 2002 2016 2018 F p
Σ ions (mg l−1) 57 67 68 71 1.82 0.171
(37–84) (64–71) (47–98) (55–85)
HCO3− (mg l−1) 16ab 12a 22ab 27b 7.22 < 0.01
(10–23) (9–15) (14–32) (18–41)
Secchi depth (m) 0.76a 0.34b 0.36b 0.44b 8.14 < 0.001
(1.00–0.60) (0.50–0.18) (0.50–0.15) (0.75–0.15)
Color (Pt-Co) 130a 128a 178b 107a 10.05 < 0.0001
(103–152) (112–144) (121–240) (77–140)
pH 7.8a 8.6a 6.8b 7.0b 14.48 < 0.0001
(7.2–8.8) (7.3–9.8) (6.7–7.0) (6.1–8.1)
TP (μg l−1) 73a 163b 96a 106a 7.85 < 0.001
(32–158) (94–233) (49–150) (42–170)
PO4-P (μg l−1) 10a 31b 43b 51b 25.83 < 0.0001
(4–38) (19–52) (13–77) (26–80)
TN (mg l−1) 1.18a 0.72b 0.62b 0.70b 19.10 < 0.0001
(0.82–1.54) (0.45–0.86) (0.44–0.92) (0.39–0.95)

Means (and ranges) of phytoplankton biomass (B), chlorophyll a (Chl a) and relative biomass of diatoms (% Diatom) and cyanobacteria (% Cyanobacteria) in the Sestroretskiy Razliv reservoir in different years (1980, 2002, 2016 and 2018). The comparison of the means among different years was calculated using ANOVA with the Tukey–Kramer test. The Tukey–Kramer test results are indicated by superscripts.

Parameter 1980 2002 2016 2018 F p
B (mg l−1) 6.8a 61.0b 17.6c 23.1c 18.02 < 0.0001
(0.3–19.8) (15.8–99.6) (3.9–35.6) (7.0–49.8)
Chl a (μg l−1) 16.6a 84.7b 43.6ab 66.6b 6.87 < 0.001
(0.7–27.2) (20.5–174.9) (8.4–122.9) (27.4–157.6)
% Diatom 55.8a 15.7b 75.6a 59.7a 19.30 < 0.0001
(21.2–95.5) (2.1–58.6) (20.7–94.0) (32.5–88.6)
% Cyanobacteria 14.5aс 75.9b 2.4с 26.2a 23.94 < 0.0001
(0–46.2) (26.9–96.4) (0.3–6.7) (1.2–62.1)

Contribution of different species of helophytes, floating-leaved and submerged plants to the total plant coverage and the area of the Sestroretskiy Razliv reservoir in 1980 and 2016

Ecological groups and species Area, ha % of plant cover % of reservoir area
1980* 2016 1980* 2016 1980* 2016
Helophytes
Phragmites australis 53.4 26.1 33.9 34.4 5.03 2.30
Scirpus lacustris 42.5 16.2 27.0 21.3 4.00 1.50
Carex spp. 0.3 9.5 0.2 12.5 0.03 0.90
Equisetum fluviatile 24.6 4.7 15.6 6.2 2.32 0.40
Typha latifolia (+) 1.2 (+) 1.6 (+) 0.10
Sparganium erectum + S. emersum + Butomus umbellatus 5.6 3.6 3.6 4.7 0.53 0.30
Total: 126.4 61.3 80.4 80.8 11.91 5.50
Floating-leaved plants
Nuphar lutea 3.0 6.7 1.9 8.8 0.29 0.62
N. pumila 0.1 (+) 0.1 (+) 0.01 (+)
Potamogeton natans 3.4 3.2 2.2 4.2 0.32 0.30
Persicaria amphibia 6.3 2.4 4.0 3.2 0.60 0.22
Sparganium gramineum 0.1 0.7 0.1 0.9 0.01 0.07
Nymphaea candida 3.6 0.1 2.3 0.1 0.34 0.01
Mixed beds 11.9 0.9 7.6 1.2 1.13 0.08
Total: 28.4 14.0 18.1 18.4 2.70 1.30
Submerged plants
P. perfoliatus 2.5 0.6 1.6 0.8 0.20 0.10
Total: 157.3 75.9 100.0 100.0 14.81 6.80

Contribution of ecological groups of aquatic plants to the total aboveground biomass in the Sestroretskiy Razliv reservoir in 1980 and 2016

Ecological group Aboveground biomass
1980* 2016
103 kg % 103 kg %
Helophytes 872.6 93.95 654.9 95.72
Floating-leaved plants 55.6 5.99 29.0 4.24
Submerged plants 0.6 0.06 0.2 0.03
Total 928.8 100 684.2 100
eISSN:
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Język:
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